《初中英语第九单元思维导图》

中心主题：Unit 9 When was he born?

一级分支：Vocabulary (词汇)

• 重点词汇（Key Words）:

  • 出生 (born)
    • 词性：动词过去分词/形容词
    • 例句：He was born in 1998. He is born to lead.
    • 派生词：birth, birthday
    • 常用短语：be born in, the day he was born
  • 记者 (reporter)
    • 词性：名词
    • 例句：She is a famous reporter.
    • 近义词：journalist
    • 相关职业：editor, writer, news anchor
  • 演员 (actor)
    • 词性：名词
    • 例句：He wants to be an actor.
    • 阴性形式：actress
    • 相关职业：director, screenwriter, producer
  • 音乐家 (musician)
    • 词性：名词
    • 例句：He is a talented musician.
    • 相关乐器：guitar, piano, drums, violin
    • 音乐风格：pop, rock, classical, jazz
  • 流行音乐 (pop music)
    • 词性：名词短语
    • 例句：She loves listening to pop music.
    • 流行音乐家：Michael Jackson, Taylor Swift
    • 音乐特征：catchy melodies, simple lyrics
  • 画家 (painter)
    • 词性：名词
    • 例句：He is a famous painter.
    • 代表作品：Mona Lisa, Starry Night
    • 绘画流派：Impressionism, Realism, Abstract Art
  • 电影 (movie/film)
    • 词性：名词
    • 例句：Let's go to the movies.
    • 电影类型：action, comedy, drama, horror, science fiction
    • 电影相关：director, actor, soundtrack
  • 足球运动员 (football player/soccer player)
    • 词性：名词短语
    • 例句：He is a famous football player.
    • 相关体育：soccer, FIFA, World Cup
    • 足球队：Real Madrid, Barcelona, Manchester United
  • 篮球运动员 (basketball player)
    • 词性：名词短语
    • 例句：He is a tall basketball player.
    • 相关体育：basketball, NBA, Olympics
    • 篮球队伍：Los Angeles Lakers, Chicago Bulls
  • 重要的 (important)
    • 词性：形容词
    • 例句：This is a very important meeting.
    • 反义词：unimportant
    • 相关词汇：importance
  • 其他词汇：wrote, died, worked, became, played, studied

• 短语 (Phrases):

  • be born in (出生于)
    • 例句：She was born in Beijing.
  • grow up (长大)
    • 例句：He grew up in the countryside.
  • a lot of (许多)
    • 例句：I have a lot of friends.
  • become famous (成名)
    • 例句：He became famous for his songs.
  • on TV (在电视上)
    • 例句：I saw him on TV.
  • at that time (那时)
    • 例句：At that time, I was very young.
  • win the game (赢得比赛)
    • 例句：Our team won the game.
  • a famous painter (一位著名的画家)
    • 例句：He is a famous painter.

一级分支：Grammar (语法)

• 一般过去时 (Simple Past Tense):

  • 用法：描述过去发生的动作或状态，通常有明确的时间状语。
  • 动词形式：规则动词加 -ed, 不规则动词需要记忆。
  • 规则动词：played, watched, studied, worked
  • 不规则动词：wrote (write), died (die), became (become), won (win), was/were (be)
  • 肯定句：Subject + Verb (past form) + Object/Adverbial
    • 例句：She visited Paris last year.
  • 否定句：Subject + did not (didn't) + Verb (base form) + Object/Adverbial
    • 例句：He didn't go to school yesterday.
  • 一般疑问句：Did + Subject + Verb (base form) + Object/Adverbial?
    • 例句：Did you see the movie? Answer: Yes, I did./ No, I didn't.
  • 特殊疑问句：Wh- word + did + Subject + Verb (base form) + Object/Adverbial?
    • 例句：When did you arrive? Where did you go? Who did you meet?
  • 常见时间状语：yesterday, last week/month/year, ago (two days ago, a week ago), in 2000, when I was young.
  • 练习：将下列句子改为一般过去时：
    • He plays football. -> He played football.
    • She goes to the cinema. -> She went to the cinema.
    • They are happy. -> They were happy.

• 时间状语 (Time Adverbials):

  • 作用：明确动作发生的时间，帮助理解和使用一般过去时。
  • 常见时间状语：yesterday, last week/month/year, ago (two days ago, a week ago), in + year, when + clause
  • 位置：通常位于句首或句尾，有时位于动词前。
  • 例句：Yesterday, I went to the park. I went to the park yesterday.

一级分支：Listening & Speaking (听力与口语)

• 听力理解：

  • 听懂人物的出生日期、职业、成就等信息。
  • 能够根据听到的信息判断正误。
  • 练习：听一段关于某位名人的介绍，然后回答问题。

• 口语表达：

  • 能够询问和回答关于人物生平的问题。
    • When was he born? He was born in...
    • What did he do? He was a ... He ...
    • Where did he grow up? He grew up in...
  • 能够简单介绍自己喜欢的名人。
  • 能够用一般过去时讲述过去发生的事情。
  • 角色扮演：模拟采访一位名人。

一级分支：Reading & Writing (阅读与写作)

• 阅读理解：

  • 阅读关于名人传记的短文。
  • 理解文章的主要内容和细节。
  • 掌握阅读技巧：寻找关键词，理解上下文。
  • 练习：阅读一篇短文，然后回答相关问题。

• 写作练习：

  • 写一篇关于自己喜欢的名人的介绍。
  • 使用一般过去时描述人物的生平和成就。
  • 注意文章的结构和逻辑：引言、正文、结尾。
  • 写作提示：
    • Name:
    • Date of birth:
    • Place of birth:
    • Occupation:
    • Achievements:
    • Why I like him/her:

一级分支：Culture (文化)

• 了解不同国家的名人：
  • 文学家：Shakespeare, Lu Xun
  • 科学家：Einstein, Marie Curie
  • 政治家：Nelson Mandela, Abraham Lincoln
  • 艺术家：Van Gogh, Leonardo da Vinci
  • 音乐家：Beethoven, Mozart
• 了解不同领域的杰出人物:
  • 体育界: Michael Jordan, Usain Bolt
  • 娱乐界：Charlie Chaplin, Marilyn Monroe
• 学习英语国家如何介绍名人：
  • Biography (传记)
  • Documentary (纪录片)
• 讨论：
  • 你认为一个成功的人需要具备哪些品质？
  • 你最敬佩的人是谁？为什么？

总结 (Summary):

Unit 9 focuses on using the simple past tense to talk about famous people and their lives. It covers vocabulary related to occupations and achievements, and emphasizes the importance of understanding and using time adverbials. The unit also encourages students to explore different cultures and learn about famous people from various fields. The overall goal is to improve students' ability to read, write, listen, and speak about past events and individuals.