《初一上英语U2思维导图》

主题：U2 - This is me!

中心思想：介绍自己及他人信息

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1. 核心语法：Be动词 (am, is, are)

• 1.1 Be动词的用法：

  • 1.1.1 am： 用于第一人称单数I
    • 例句：I am a student.
    • 否定：I am not a teacher.
    • 疑问：Am I late?
  • 1.1.2 is： 用于第三人称单数 he, she, it 及单数名词
    • 例句：He is my friend. She is beautiful. It is a book. Tom is tall.
    • 否定：He is not a doctor. She isn't here. It's not easy. Tom isn't short.
    • 疑问：Is he a singer? Is she happy? Is it cold? Is Tom busy?
  • 1.1.3 are： 用于第二人称you, 复数名词 we, they 及其他复数代词
    • 例句：You are a good student. We are Chinese. They are my parents.
    • 否定：You are not late. We aren't American. They aren't at school.
    • 疑问：Are you ready? Are we friends? Are they students?

• 1.2 Be动词在句中的位置：

  • 主语 + Be动词 + 表语 (S+V+P)
  • Be动词 + 主语 + ...? (疑问句)

• 1.3 Be动词的缩写形式：

  • I am = I'm
  • He is = He's
  • She is = She's
  • It is = It's
  • You are = You're
  • We are = We're
  • They are = They're
  • is not = isn't
  • are not = aren't

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2. 重点词汇

• 2.1 人称代词:

  • I, you, he, she, it, we, they
  • 对应形容词性物主代词: my, your, his, her, its, our, their
  • 对应名词性物主代词：mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs

• 2.2 职业:

  • student, teacher, doctor, nurse, driver, farmer, policeman, policewoman, singer, dancer, writer, cook, engineer

• 2.3 国籍:

  • China, Chinese; England, English; America, American; Japan, Japanese; Canada, Canadian; Australia, Australian; France, French; Germany, German; Russia, Russian; Korea, Korean

• 2.4 形容词:

  • tall, short, thin, fat, happy, sad, busy, free, old, young, strong, weak, beautiful, handsome, clever, friendly, kind, funny, serious

• 2.5 其他常用词汇:

  • name, age, friend, parent, sister, brother, family, school, classroom, here, there, this, that, these, those, too, also

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3. 句型结构

• 3.1 介绍自己:

  • My name is ...
  • I am ... (age) years old.
  • I am a ... (occupation).
  • I am from ... (country).
  • I am ... (adjective), and I am ... (adjective).
  • I like ... (hobby).

• 3.2 介绍他人:

  • His/Her name is ...
  • He/She is ... (age) years old.
  • He/She is a ... (occupation).
  • He/She is from ... (country).
  • He/She is ... (adjective), and he/she is ... (adjective).
  • He/She likes ... (hobby).
  • This is my ... (relation), ... (name).

• 3.3 询问信息:

  • What's your name?
  • How old are you?
  • What are you?
  • Where are you from?
  • Is he/she ... (occupation)?
  • Is he/she ... (adjective)?

• 3.4 回答问题:

  • Yes, I am. / No, I am not.
  • Yes, he/she is. / No, he/she isn't.
  • Yes, they are. / No, they aren't.

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4. 交际用语

• Hello! / Hi!
• What's your name?
• Nice to meet you!
• Nice to meet you, too!
• How are you?
• I'm fine, thank you. And you?
• Goodbye! / Bye!
• See you!
• This is...
• Is this...?

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5. 语音知识

• 5.1 字母发音： 复习字母表的正确发音，特别是元音字母在不同单词中的发音变化。

• 5.2 重音： 单词的重音位置，特别是多音节单词。例如：stu'dent, tea'cher。

• 5.3 弱读： 一些词在句子中可能被弱读，例如：am, is, are, a, an, the。

• 5.4 连读： 注意单词之间的连读现象，例如：Nice to meet you.

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6. 拓展内容

• 6.1 家庭成员： grandpa, grandma, father, mother, sister, brother, uncle, aunt, cousin

• 6.2 爱好： playing sports, reading books, watching TV, listening to music, playing computer games, drawing pictures, singing songs, dancing

• 6.3 更多形容词： smart, kind, hard-working, polite, honest, brave, generous

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7. 练习与应用

• 7.1 角色扮演： 学生互相介绍自己和假想的朋友。

• 7.2 写作练习： 写一篇短文介绍自己或自己的家人朋友。

• 7.3 听力练习： 听对话，辨别说话者的身份和信息。

• 7.4 口语练习： 进行简单的问答练习，例如：询问姓名、年龄、职业等。

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8. 易错点

• 8.1 Be动词的搭配错误： 混淆am, is, are的用法。
• 8.2 国籍和语言混淆： Chinese是国籍也是语言，但Japan是国家，Japanese是国籍和语言。
• 8.3 名词单复数： 注意单数名词和复数名词的区别，以及be动词的对应变化。
• 8.4 拼写错误： 常见的拼写错误，如student, teacher, friend等。

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