六年级下册第二单元英语思维导图

# 《六年级下册第二单元英语思维导图》

## 中心主题：How much is it?

### I. 词汇 (Vocabulary)

*   **A. 食物 (Food):**
    *   Orange (橘子)
        *   特点: Vitamin C, juicy (多汁的)
        *   相关表达: orange juice (橙汁)
    *   Apple (苹果)
        *   特点: healthy, crispy (脆的)
        *   相关表达: apple pie (苹果派)
    *   Pear (梨)
        *   特点: sweet, soft (软的)
        *   相关表达: pear juice (梨汁)
    *   Banana (香蕉)
        *   特点: potassium (钾), easy to peel (容易剥皮)
        *   相关表达: banana smoothie (香蕉奶昔)
    *   Strawberry (草莓)
        *   特点: red, small, seeds (籽)
        *   相关表达: strawberry jam (草莓酱)
    *   Grape (葡萄)
        *   特点: bunch (串), sweet or sour (甜或酸)
        *   相关表达: grape juice (葡萄汁), raisins (葡萄干)
    *   Watermelon (西瓜)
        *   特点: large, red inside, seeds
        *   相关表达: watermelon juice (西瓜汁)
    *   Beef (牛肉)
        *   特点: meat, protein (蛋白质)
        *   相关表达: beef steak (牛排), beef noodles (牛肉面)
    *   Chicken (鸡肉)
        *   特点: meat, poultry (家禽)
        *   相关表达: fried chicken (炸鸡), chicken soup (鸡汤)
    *   Pork (猪肉)
        *   特点: meat, common meat
        *   相关表达: pork chop (猪排), pork dumplings (猪肉饺子)
    *   Fish (鱼)
        *   特点: aquatic animal, omega-3 (奥米伽-3)
        *   相关表达: grilled fish (烤鱼), fish and chips (炸鱼薯条)
    *   Bread (面包)
        *   特点: staple food (主食), flour (面粉)
        *   相关表达: toast (吐司), sandwich (三明治)
    *   Milk (牛奶)
        *   特点: calcium (钙), dairy (乳制品)
        *   相关表达: chocolate milk (巧克力牛奶), skim milk (脱脂牛奶)
    *   Egg (鸡蛋)
        *   特点: protein, oval shaped (椭圆形)
        *   相关表达: fried egg (煎蛋), scrambled eggs (炒蛋)

*   **B. 数量 (Quantity):**
    *   Kilo (公斤)
    *   Gram (克)
    *   Dozen (一打)
        *   含义： twelve (十二)
    *   Bottle (瓶)
    *   Box (盒子)
    *   Can (罐)
    *   Piece (块/片)

*   **C. 货币 (Currency):**
    *   Dollar (美元)
    *   Cent (美分)
    *   Pound (英镑)
    *   Penny (便士)
    *   Yuan (元)
    *   Fen (分)

*   **D. 其他 (Other):**
    *   Price (价格)
    *   Expensive (昂贵的)
    *   Cheap (便宜的)
    *   How much (多少钱)
    *   Cost (花费)
    *   Pay (支付)
    *   Change (零钱)
    *   Shop (商店)
    *   Supermarket (超市)
    *   Salesperson (销售员)
    *   Customer (顾客)

### II. 语法 (Grammar)

*   **A. How much…?句型:**
    *   How much is this apple? (这个苹果多少钱？)
    *   How much are these apples? (这些苹果多少钱？)
    *   How much does it cost? (它花费多少钱？)
    *   结构: How much + is/are + 单数/复数名词?
    *   结构: How much + does/do + 主语 + cost?

*   **B. 回答价格:**
    *   It's… dollars/cents. (它…美元/美分。)
    *   They're… dollars/cents. (它们…美元/美分。)
    *   It costs… dollars/cents. (它花费…美元/美分。)
    *   表达:用具体的数字和货币单位回答。

*   **C. Can I help you?:**
    *   Can I help you? (我能帮你吗？) - 常用于商店里，销售员询问顾客是否需要帮助。
    *   Yes, please. I'm looking for… (是的，请。我正在寻找…)
    *   No, thank you. I'm just looking. (不用了，谢谢。我只是看看。)

*   **D. Offering and Asking for Help:**
    *   Can I help you?
    *   Is there anything else I can help you with? (还有什么需要帮忙的吗?)
    *   Do you need any help? (你需要帮忙吗?)
    *   Could you help me find...? (你能帮我找到…吗?)

*   **E. Using "have got":**
    *   I've got… (我拥有…) - 用来表达拥有某物，可以用来描述自己拥有的钱。
    *   I've got five dollars. (我拥有五美元。)

### III. 场景 (Scenarios)

*   **A. 购物场景 (Shopping Scenarios):**
    *   在超市购买食物
    *   在商店询问价格
    *   讨价还价 (Bargaining)
        *   Can you make it cheaper? (你能便宜点吗？)
    *   支付方式 (Payment methods)
        *   Cash (现金)
        *   Credit card (信用卡)
    *   获得找零 (Receiving change)
        *   Here's your change. (这是您的找零。)

*   **B. 对话示例 (Example Dialogues):**
    *   Salesperson: Can I help you?
    *   Customer: Yes, how much is this watermelon?
    *   Salesperson: It's 5 dollars a kilo.
    *   Customer: I'll take one, please.
    *   Salesperson: Anything else?
    *   Customer: No, thank you.
    *   Salesperson: That's 5 dollars.
    *   Customer: Here you are.
    *   Salesperson: Here's your change. Thank you.

### IV. 拓展 (Extension)

*   **A. 不同国家的货币 (Different Currencies):**
    *   介绍不同国家的货币名称和符号。
    *   例如: Euro (欧元), Yen (日元), Rupee (卢比)

*   **B. 食品营养 (Food Nutrition):**
    *   讨论不同食物的营养价值。
    *   例如: Vitamins, Minerals, Protein, Carbohydrates (碳水化合物), Fats (脂肪)

*   **C. 健康饮食 (Healthy Eating):**
    *   鼓励学生选择健康的食物。
    *   讨论平衡膳食的重要性。

*   **D. 文化差异 (Cultural Differences):**
    *   不同国家购物习惯的差异。
    *   不同国家对食物的偏好。

### V. 练习 (Practice)

*   **A. 角色扮演 (Role-playing):**
    *   学生扮演销售员和顾客，进行购物对话。

*   **B. 价格计算 (Price Calculation):**
    *   根据给定的价格和数量计算总价。

*   **C. 造句练习 (Sentence Construction):**
    *   用所学词汇和句型造句。

*   **D. 听力练习 (Listening Comprehension):**
    *   听录音，回答关于价格和购物的问题。
*   **E. 阅读理解 (Reading Comprehension)**
    *   阅读关于购物场景的短文，回答问题。

### VI. 重点短语 (Key Phrases)
* How much is...? (多少钱?)
* How much are...? (多少钱?)
* It costs... (花费...)
* I'd like... (我想要...)
* Anything else? (还要别的吗?)
* Here you are. (给你。)
* Here's your change. (这是找你的钱。)
* I'm just looking. (我只是看看。)
* Can I help you? (我能帮你吗?)
* What's the price? (价格是多少?)

这份思维导图旨在帮助六年级学生系统地学习和掌握第二单元的英语知识，通过词汇、语法、场景、拓展和练习，提高学生的英语运用能力。

《六年级下册第二单元英语思维导图》

中心主题：How much is it?

I. 词汇 (Vocabulary)

A. 食物 (Food):
- Orange (橘子)
  - 特点: Vitamin C, juicy (多汁的)
  - 相关表达: orange juice (橙汁)
- Apple (苹果)
  - 特点: healthy, crispy (脆的)
  - 相关表达: apple pie (苹果派)
- Pear (梨)
  - 特点: sweet, soft (软的)
  - 相关表达: pear juice (梨汁)
- Banana (香蕉)
  - 特点: potassium (钾), easy to peel (容易剥皮)
  - 相关表达: banana smoothie (香蕉奶昔)
- Strawberry (草莓)
  - 特点: red, small, seeds (籽)
  - 相关表达: strawberry jam (草莓酱)
- Grape (葡萄)
  - 特点: bunch (串), sweet or sour (甜或酸)
  - 相关表达: grape juice (葡萄汁), raisins (葡萄干)
- Watermelon (西瓜)
  - 特点: large, red inside, seeds
  - 相关表达: watermelon juice (西瓜汁)
- Beef (牛肉)
  - 特点: meat, protein (蛋白质)
  - 相关表达: beef steak (牛排), beef noodles (牛肉面)
- Chicken (鸡肉)
  - 特点: meat, poultry (家禽)
  - 相关表达: fried chicken (炸鸡), chicken soup (鸡汤)
- Pork (猪肉)
  - 特点: meat, common meat
  - 相关表达: pork chop (猪排), pork dumplings (猪肉饺子)
- Fish (鱼)
  - 特点: aquatic animal, omega-3 (奥米伽-3)
  - 相关表达: grilled fish (烤鱼), fish and chips (炸鱼薯条)
- Bread (面包)
  - 特点: staple food (主食), flour (面粉)
  - 相关表达: toast (吐司), sandwich (三明治)
- Milk (牛奶)
  - 特点: calcium (钙), dairy (乳制品)
  - 相关表达: chocolate milk (巧克力牛奶), skim milk (脱脂牛奶)
- Egg (鸡蛋)
  - 特点: protein, oval shaped (椭圆形)
  - 相关表达: fried egg (煎蛋), scrambled eggs (炒蛋)
B. 数量 (Quantity):
- Kilo (公斤)
- Gram (克)
- Dozen (一打)
  - 含义： twelve (十二)
- Bottle (瓶)
- Box (盒子)
- Can (罐)
- Piece (块/片)
C. 货币 (Currency):
- Dollar (美元)
- Cent (美分)
- Pound (英镑)
- Penny (便士)
- Yuan (元)
- Fen (分)
D. 其他 (Other):
- Price (价格)
- Expensive (昂贵的)
- Cheap (便宜的)
- How much (多少钱)
- Cost (花费)
- Pay (支付)
- Change (零钱)
- Shop (商店)
- Supermarket (超市)
- Salesperson (销售员)
- Customer (顾客)

II. 语法 (Grammar)

A. How much…?句型:
- How much is this apple? (这个苹果多少钱？)
- How much are these apples? (这些苹果多少钱？)
- How much does it cost? (它花费多少钱？)
- 结构: How much + is/are + 单数/复数名词?
- 结构: How much + does/do + 主语 + cost?
B. 回答价格:
- It's… dollars/cents. (它…美元/美分。)
- They're… dollars/cents. (它们…美元/美分。)
- It costs… dollars/cents. (它花费…美元/美分。)
- 表达:用具体的数字和货币单位回答。
C. Can I help you?:
- Can I help you? (我能帮你吗？) - 常用于商店里，销售员询问顾客是否需要帮助。
- Yes, please. I'm looking for… (是的，请。我正在寻找…)
- No, thank you. I'm just looking. (不用了，谢谢。我只是看看。)
D. Offering and Asking for Help:
- Can I help you?
- Is there anything else I can help you with? (还有什么需要帮忙的吗?)
- Do you need any help? (你需要帮忙吗?)
- Could you help me find...? (你能帮我找到…吗?)
E. Using "have got":
- I've got… (我拥有…) - 用来表达拥有某物，可以用来描述自己拥有的钱。
- I've got five dollars. (我拥有五美元。)

III. 场景 (Scenarios)

A. 购物场景 (Shopping Scenarios):
- 在超市购买食物
- 在商店询问价格
- 讨价还价 (Bargaining)
  - Can you make it cheaper? (你能便宜点吗？)
- 支付方式 (Payment methods)
  - Cash (现金)
  - Credit card (信用卡)
- 获得找零 (Receiving change)
  - Here's your change. (这是您的找零。)
B. 对话示例 (Example Dialogues):
- Salesperson: Can I help you?
- Customer: Yes, how much is this watermelon?
- Salesperson: It's 5 dollars a kilo.
- Customer: I'll take one, please.
- Salesperson: Anything else?
- Customer: No, thank you.
- Salesperson: That's 5 dollars.
- Customer: Here you are.
- Salesperson: Here's your change. Thank you.

IV. 拓展 (Extension)

A. 不同国家的货币 (Different Currencies):
- 介绍不同国家的货币名称和符号。
- 例如: Euro (欧元), Yen (日元), Rupee (卢比)
B. 食品营养 (Food Nutrition):
- 讨论不同食物的营养价值。
- 例如: Vitamins, Minerals, Protein, Carbohydrates (碳水化合物), Fats (脂肪)
C. 健康饮食 (Healthy Eating):
- 鼓励学生选择健康的食物。
- 讨论平衡膳食的重要性。
D. 文化差异 (Cultural Differences):
- 不同国家购物习惯的差异。
- 不同国家对食物的偏好。

V. 练习 (Practice)

A. 角色扮演 (Role-playing):
- 学生扮演销售员和顾客，进行购物对话。
B. 价格计算 (Price Calculation):
- 根据给定的价格和数量计算总价。
C. 造句练习 (Sentence Construction):
- 用所学词汇和句型造句。
D. 听力练习 (Listening Comprehension):
- 听录音，回答关于价格和购物的问题。
E. 阅读理解 (Reading Comprehension)
- 阅读关于购物场景的短文，回答问题。

VI. 重点短语 (Key Phrases)

How much is...? (多少钱?)
How much are...? (多少钱?)
It costs... (花费...)
I'd like... (我想要...)
Anything else? (还要别的吗?)
Here you are. (给你。)
Here's your change. (这是找你的钱。)
I'm just looking. (我只是看看。)
Can I help you? (我能帮你吗?)
What's the price? (价格是多少?)