《五年级英语书第一单元到第六单元的全部知识构图》

总体框架：友谊、爱好、家庭、健康、学习、假期

第一单元：My Friends (我的朋友们)

• 核心主题： 描述朋友的外貌、性格和共同的爱好。
• 词汇：
  • 外貌描述: tall, short, thin, heavy, long hair, short hair, curly hair, straight hair, big eyes, small eyes.
  • 性格描述: kind, friendly, helpful, funny, shy, quiet, outgoing, active, clever, smart.
  • 爱好活动: play basketball, play football, play the piano, sing songs, dance, read books, draw pictures, watch TV.
  • 其他: friend, classmate, together, always, often, sometimes, never.
• 语法：
  • 系动词 be 的用法: (is, am, are) - He is tall. I am friendly. They are funny.
  • 情态动词 can 的用法: He can play basketball. I can sing songs. They can dance.
  • 副词 always, often, sometimes, never 的用法和位置: He always helps me. We often play together. I sometimes watch TV. They never fight.
• 句型：
  • He/She is … .
  • He/She has … .
  • He/She can … .
  • He/She is very … .
  • He/She is my best friend.
• 文化点： 了解不同文化中表达友谊的方式。
• 语音： 注意th发音/θ/和/ð/的区别。

第二单元：My Hobbies (我的爱好)

• 核心主题： 表达个人爱好和谈论他人的爱好。
• 词汇：
  • 爱好: collecting stamps, collecting coins, playing computer games, watching movies, reading comics, surfing the internet, cooking, gardening, fishing.
  • 频率副词: everyday, every week, every month, every year.
  • 其他: hobby, interesting, boring, exciting, difficult, easy.
• 语法：
  • 动词的 -ing 形式作为名词使用: Collecting stamps is interesting. Playing computer games is fun.
  • 一般现在时表示习惯动作: I play football every day. She watches TV every week.
  • 询问和表达爱好: What's your hobby? My hobby is… Do you like…? Yes, I do./No, I don't.
• 句型：
  • My hobby is…
  • I like…
  • I enjoy…
  • It's interesting/boring/exciting/difficult/easy.
  • What's your hobby?
  • Do you like…?
• 文化点： 了解世界各地不同的爱好和休闲活动。
• 语音： 注意动词的 -ing 形式的发音。

第三单元：My Family (我的家庭)

• 核心主题： 描述家庭成员以及他们的职业和特点。
• 词汇：
  • 家庭成员: father, mother, brother, sister, grandfather, grandmother, parents, grandparents, uncle, aunt, cousin.
  • 职业: doctor, teacher, farmer, nurse, driver, worker, policeman, businesswoman, student.
  • 特征: kind, hard-working, friendly, strict, gentle, patient.
  • 其他: family, photo, picture, home, love, work.
• 语法：
  • 物主代词： my, your, his, her, its, our, their. This is my father. That is her brother.
  • 形容词性物主代词： my, your, his, her, its, our, their。This is my book. That is her car.
  • 形容词修饰名词： My father is a kind doctor. Her mother is a hard-working teacher.
• 句型：
  • This is my … .
  • He/She is a … .
  • He/She is … .
  • I love my family.
  • They are my parents.
• 文化点： 了解不同文化中家庭结构和家庭关系的不同。
• 语音： 注意father, mother等词的发音。

第四单元：My Health (我的健康)

• 核心主题： 讨论健康的生活方式，包括饮食、运动和睡眠。
• 词汇：
  • 食物: vegetables, fruits, meat, fish, bread, rice, milk, juice, sweets, chocolate.
  • 运动: running, swimming, playing basketball, playing football, cycling, walking, doing yoga.
  • 其他: healthy, unhealthy, strong, weak, doctor, exercise, sleep, rest.
  • 身体部位: head, eyes, ears, nose, mouth, teeth, arms, legs, feet, hands.
• 语法：
  • 情态动词 should 的用法: You should eat vegetables. You shouldn't eat too much sweets.
  • 可数名词和不可数名词: vegetables (可数), milk (不可数). a vegetable, some milk.
  • 一般现在时表示事实或常识: Vegetables are good for you. Exercise is important for your health.
• 句型：
  • You should…
  • You shouldn't…
  • It's good for you.
  • It's bad for you.
  • I feel…
• 文化点： 了解不同文化中关于健康饮食和锻炼的观念。
• 语音： 注意辅音连缀的正确发音 (e.g., strong, bread)。

第五单元：My Study (我的学习)

• 核心主题： 讨论学习科目、学习方法和在学校的生活。
• 词汇：
  • 科目: Chinese, Maths, English, Science, Music, Art, P.E., History, Geography, Computer Science.
  • 学习用品: book, pen, pencil, ruler, eraser, notebook, desk, chair, blackboard, whiteboard.
  • 动词: study, learn, read, write, listen, speak, draw, paint, sing, play.
  • 其他: school, classroom, teacher, student, homework, exam, interesting, difficult, easy, important.
• 语法：
  • 一般现在时表示学习活动: I study English every day. She learns Chinese at school.
  • how 提问的方式 (How do you study English?) How do you learn…? How do you practice…? How do you improve…?
  • 表示喜好和不喜好的表达: I like studying English. I don't like studying Maths.
• 句型：
  • My favourite subject is…
  • I like…
  • I don't like…
  • How do you…?
  • School is…
• 文化点： 了解不同国家和地区的教育体系和学习方式。
• 语音： 注意字母组合的发音 (e.g., ch, sh, th)。

第六单元：My Holiday (我的假期)

• 核心主题： 描述假期计划、活动和经历。
• 词汇：
  • 地点: beach, park, mountains, city, country, museum, zoo.
  • 交通工具: car, train, plane, bus, ship, bicycle.
  • 活动: swimming, hiking, camping, visiting museums, taking photos, eating delicious food, buying souvenirs.
  • 天气: sunny, rainy, cloudy, windy, hot, cold.
  • 其他: holiday, vacation, travel, trip, fun, exciting, relaxing.
• 语法：
  • 一般将来时 will 的用法: I will go to the beach. She will visit her grandparents. They will have a picnic.
  • 询问未来计划: What will you do…? Where will you go…? Who will you go with…?
  • 过去式动词的简单使用 (to be动词和规则动词) I was at the beach. She played in the park.
• 句型：
  • I will…
  • I am going to…
  • I want to…
  • I went to…
  • I had a good time.
• 文化点： 了解不同文化中庆祝节日和假期的传统。
• 语音： 注意弱读 (will的弱读)。

总结：

五年级英语书第一单元到第六单元涵盖了多个日常生活主题，通过学习这些单元，学生可以掌握描述人物、表达爱好、介绍家庭、讨论健康、分享学习和规划假期的基本英语技能。 强调词汇积累和语法点的掌握，以及在实际情景中运用所学知识的能力。 通过学习不同的文化知识，开阔学生的视野，提高他们的跨文化交际能力。