《七下英语第二单元思维导图》
I. 单元主题：What's the matter?
A. 单元目标
- 语言知识:
- 词汇: 掌握与健康、身体部位、疾病相关的词汇。例如：headache, stomachache, fever, cough, sore throat, earache, toothache, hurt, matter, serious, terrible, should, see, doctor, rest, drink, honey, lemon, hot, water, maybe, nothing, wrong, flu, cold, temperature, times, a day, exercise, relax, hospital, worried, nurse, examine, prescription, take, medicine, twice, three times, a week, spray, drops, better, feel, throat, back, arm, leg, foot, hand, eye, nose, mouth, ear, hair, face, neck, shoulder, knee, finger, toe, body, healthy, unhealthy, well, ill, sick, strong, weak, tired, happy, sad, angry, afraid, bored, excited, surprised, hungry, thirsty, sleepy, doctor, teacher, student, parent, friend, police officer, firefighter, nurse, pilot, cook, farmer, driver, singer, dancer, actor, writer, artist, scientist, engineer, programmer, lawyer, judge, president, king, queen, prince, princess.
- 语法:
- 情态动词 should 的用法，用于给出建议。
- 疑问词 what 的用法，用于询问发生了什么事。
- 简单句的构成和语序。
- 频度副词（always, usually, often, sometimes, never）的用法。
- 语言技能:
- 能够用英语表达身体不适，并询问发生了什么事。
- 能够用英语给出建议。
- 能够阅读简单的健康建议。
- 能够听懂关于健康状况的简单对话。
- 能够用英语进行简单的健康咨询。
- 情感态度与价值观:
- 培养关心自己和他人的健康意识。
- 了解保持健康的重要性。
- 学会正确处理身体不适。
B. 核心词汇
- 身体部位:
- Head (头)
- Throat (喉咙)
- Stomach (胃)
- Back (背)
- Arm (胳膊)
- Leg (腿)
- Foot (脚)
- Hand (手)
- Eye (眼睛)
- Nose (鼻子)
- Mouth (嘴)
- Ear (耳朵)
- 疾病/不适:
- Headache (头痛)
- Stomachache (胃痛)
- Fever (发烧)
- Cough (咳嗽)
- Sore throat (嗓子疼)
- Earache (耳痛)
- Toothache (牙痛)
- Cold (感冒)
- Flu (流感)
- 相关动词/形容词:
- Hurt (疼)
- Matter (要紧)
- Serious (严重的)
- Terrible (糟糕的)
- Feel (感觉)
- Healthy (健康的)
- Unhealthy (不健康的)
- Well (健康的)
- Ill (生病的)
- Sick (生病的)
C. 重点句型
- 询问健康状况:
- What's the matter?
- What's wrong?
- Are you OK?
- 表达身体不适:
- I have a headache/stomachache/fever/etc.
- My head/stomach/etc. hurts.
- I feel terrible/sick/ill.
- 给出建议:
- You should see a doctor.
- You should rest.
- You should drink some hot water.
- Maybe you should...
- 其他常用句型:
- Nothing's wrong.
- I think I have a cold/the flu.
- Take the medicine twice a day/three times a week.
- You'll feel better soon.
II. 语法知识点
A. 情态动词 Should
- 用法: 用于给出建议、劝告或表达义务。
- 结构: Should + 动词原形
- 例句:
- You should go to bed early.
- He should eat more vegetables.
- We should help each other.
- 否定形式: Shouldn't (should not) + 动词原形
- You shouldn't eat too much junk food.
B. 疑问词 What
- 用法: 用于询问事情、物体或情况。
- 例句:
- What's your name?
- What's the matter?
- What are you doing?
- 特殊用法: What's wrong? (通常询问身体状况，等同于 What's the matter?)
C. 简单句的构成
- 基本结构: 主语 + 谓语 (+ 宾语/表语)
- 例句:
- I feel sick. (主语 + 谓语 + 表语)
- He has a headache. (主语 + 谓语 + 宾语)
- They are students. (主语 + 谓语 + 表语)
D. 频度副词
- 常见的频度副词: always, usually, often, sometimes, never
- 位置: 通常位于be动词之后，实义动词之前。
- 例句:
- I am always happy.
- He usually eats breakfast.
- They often play basketball.
- We sometimes go to the movies.
- She never drinks coffee.
III. 实用对话场景
A. 看医生
- 病人: I have a headache and a sore throat.
- 医生: Let me examine you. You have a fever. You have the flu.
- 医生: You should take this medicine twice a day.
- 病人: Thank you, doctor.
B. 朋友间的关心
- A: What's the matter? You look pale.
- B: I have a stomachache.
- A: You should rest. Maybe you should drink some hot water with honey.
C. 询问病情
- A: How are you feeling today?
- B: I'm feeling better, thanks. The medicine is helping.
IV. 文化拓展
A. 不同国家的健康习惯
- 中国: 喝热水，刮痧，拔罐。
- 西方国家: 注重维生素的补充，常吃水果和蔬菜。
B. 健康饮食的重要性
- 均衡饮食: 摄入足够的蛋白质、碳水化合物、脂肪、维生素和矿物质。
- 多喝水: 保持身体水分充足。
- 少吃垃圾食品: 减少高糖、高盐、高脂肪食物的摄入。
V. 练习与巩固
A. 词汇练习
- 完成填空，将单词补充完整。
- 根据图片写出身体部位的名称。
B. 语法练习
- 用 should 给出建议。
- 用 what 提问。
- 用频度副词造句。
C. 口语练习
- 角色扮演，模拟看医生的场景。
- 与同学互相询问健康状况并给出建议。
This mind map covers the key aspects of the Unit 2 in the seventh-grade English textbook, providing a structured and comprehensive overview of the unit's content. It emphasizes vocabulary, grammar, practical dialogues, and cultural extensions, ensuring a well-rounded understanding of the material.