《广东教育出版社六年级上册英语第一单元feeling sick思维导图》

中心主题：Feeling Sick

一、症状 (Symptoms)

• 1. 头部 (Head)
  • Headache (头痛)
    • 原因 (Reasons):
      • Stress (压力)
      • Lack of sleep (缺乏睡眠)
      • Dehydration (脱水)
      • Bright light (强光)
    • 缓解 (Relief):
      • Rest (休息)
      • Drink water (喝水)
      • Painkillers (止痛药，如 Paracetamol/Ibuprofen)
  • Dizziness (头晕)
    • 原因：
      • Low blood pressure (低血压)
      • Inner ear problems (内耳问题)
      • Anemia (贫血)
    • 缓解：
      • Sit down and rest (坐下休息)
      • Eat something (吃点东西)
      • See a doctor (看医生)
• 2. 喉咙 (Throat)
  • Sore throat (喉咙痛)
    • 原因：
      • Cold (感冒)
      • Flu (流感)
      • Strep throat (链球菌性咽喉炎)
    • 缓解：
      • Warm water with salt (盐水漱口)
      • Lozenges (润喉糖)
      • Rest (休息)
  • Cough (咳嗽)
    • 类型 (Types):
      • Dry cough (干咳)
      • Wet cough (湿咳，有痰)
    • 原因：
      • Irritation (刺激)
      • Infection (感染)
    • 缓解：
      • Cough syrup (止咳糖浆)
      • Drink water (喝水)
      • Humidifier (加湿器)
• 3. 身体 (Body)
  • Fever (发烧)
    • 原因：
      • Infection (感染)
    • 症状：
      • High temperature (高体温)
      • Chills (发冷)
      • Sweating (出汗)
    • 缓解：
      • Cool compress (冷敷)
      • Fever reducer (退烧药)
      • Drink water (喝水)
  • Body ache (身体酸痛)
    • 原因：
      • Flu (流感)
      • Overexertion (过度劳累)
    • 缓解：
      • Rest (休息)
      • Warm bath (热水浴)
      • Painkillers (止痛药)
  • Stomachache (胃痛)
    • 原因:
      • Indigestion (消化不良)
      • Food poisoning (食物中毒)
      • Stress (压力)
    • 缓解：
      • Rest (休息)
      • Drink clear fluids (喝清淡的液体)
      • Avoid spicy/fatty foods (避免辛辣/油腻食物)
• 4. 其他 (Others)
  • Runny nose (流鼻涕)
    • 原因：
      • Cold (感冒)
      • Allergies (过敏)
    • 缓解：
      • Tissues (纸巾)
      • Nasal spray (鼻腔喷雾)
  • Sneezing (打喷嚏)
    • 原因：
      • Irritants (刺激物)
      • Allergies (过敏)
    • 缓解：
      • Cover your mouth and nose (遮住口鼻)

二、表达方式 (Expressions)

• 1. 询问病情 (Asking about illness)
  • What's the matter? (怎么了？)
  • What's wrong? (怎么了？)
  • Are you okay? (你没事吧？)
  • How do you feel? (你感觉怎么样？)
  • Do you feel alright? (你感觉还好吗？)
• 2. 描述病情 (Describing illness)
  • I feel sick. (我感觉不舒服。)
  • I have a headache. (我头疼。)
  • I have a sore throat. (我喉咙痛。)
  • I have a fever. (我发烧了。)
  • I have a runny nose. (我流鼻涕。)
  • I'm coughing. (我在咳嗽。)
  • I'm sneezing. (我在打喷嚏。)
  • My stomach hurts. (我胃疼。)
  • I feel dizzy. (我感觉头晕。)
  • I feel weak. (我感觉虚弱。)
• 3. 建议 (Giving advice)
  • You should rest. (你应该休息。)
  • You should drink more water. (你应该多喝水。)
  • You should see a doctor. (你应该去看医生。)
  • You should take some medicine. (你应该吃药。)
  • You shouldn't go to school/work. (你不应该去上学/上班。)
  • Maybe you should take your temperature. (也许你应该量一下体温。)

三、疾病 (Illnesses)

• Cold (感冒)
• Flu (流感)
• Stomach flu (肠胃感冒)
• Food poisoning (食物中毒)
• Allergies (过敏)

四、预防 (Prevention)

• Wash your hands frequently. (经常洗手。)
• Eat healthy food. (吃健康的食物。)
• Get enough sleep. (保证充足的睡眠。)
• Exercise regularly. (经常锻炼。)
• Avoid close contact with sick people. (避免与病人密切接触。)
• Get vaccinated (接种疫苗)

五、词汇拓展 (Vocabulary Expansion)

• Temperature (体温)
• Medicine (药)
• Doctor (医生)
• Hospital (医院)
• Nurse (护士)
• Pills (药丸)
• Syrup (糖浆)
• Thermometer (温度计)
• Virus (病毒)
• Bacteria (细菌)
• Treatment (治疗)
• Recover (恢复)
• Healthy (健康的)
• Unhealthy (不健康的)
• Emergency (紧急情况)
• First aid (急救)
• Prescription (处方)
• Pharmacy (药房)

六、语法 (Grammar)

• Should/Shouldn't (应该/不应该) 用于给出建议。
  • You should drink more water.
  • You shouldn't eat too much junk food.
• Have/Has (有) 用于描述拥有症状。
  • I have a headache.
  • She has a fever.
• Feel (感觉) 用于描述感觉。
  • I feel sick.
  • He feels tired.
• 使用情态动词 can, could, may, might来表示可能性。
  • You may have a cold.
  • It could be the flu.

七、情景对话示例 (Example Dialogue)

• A: What's the matter, Ben? You look pale.
• B: I feel terrible. I have a headache and a sore throat.
• A: Oh dear! Do you have a fever?
• B: I don't know. I haven't taken my temperature.
• A: You should take your temperature and drink some water.
• B: I think I will. Thank you.
• A: You're welcome. Maybe you should see a doctor if you don't feel better tomorrow.
• B: Yes, I think I should.

八、文化相关 (Cultural Context)

• 介绍中西方对待生病的态度和方式差异。例如，中国人习惯多喝热水，而西方人可能更倾向于服用药物。
• 讨论一些常见的家庭疗法 (home remedies) 和它们的有效性。