八年级英语上册第四单元思维导图

《八年级英语上册第四单元思维导图》

中心主题：Unit 4 How do you get to school?

一级分支：Vocabulary (词汇)

• Transportation (交通工具)

  • Primary Modes (主要方式)
    • Walk (步行): on foot
    • Bike (自行车): by bike, cycle
    • Bus (公共汽车): by bus
    • Subway (地铁): by subway
    • Car (汽车): by car, drive
    • Train (火车): by train
    • Boat (船): by boat
    • Airplane (飞机): by plane, fly
  • Related Words (相关词汇)
    • Traffic light (红绿灯)
    • Traffic jam (交通堵塞)
    • Bus stop (公共汽车站)
    • Subway station (地铁站)
    • Train station (火车站)
    • Airport (机场)
    • Ferry (渡轮)
    • Taxi (出租车)
    • Ride (骑，乘坐)
    • Take (乘坐)
    • Route (路线)
    • Across (穿过)
    • Through (穿过)
    • Along (沿着)
    • Down (向下)
    • Up (向上)
    • Straight (直的)
    • Turn (转弯)
    • Road (路)
    • Street (街道)
    • Avenue (大街)

• Distance & Time (距离与时间)

  • Units of Measurement (计量单位)
    • Kilometer (公里): km
    • Mile (英里)
    • Meter (米): m
    • Minute (分钟): min
    • Hour (小时): hr
  • Expressions of Time (时间表达)
    • Minutes (分钟)
    • Hours (小时)
    • About (大约)
    • Around (大约)
    • Between…and… (在…之间)
  • Adverbs of Frequency (频率副词)
    • Always (总是)
    • Usually (通常)
    • Often (经常)
    • Sometimes (有时)
    • Seldom (很少)
    • Never (从不)

• Phrases & Expressions (短语与表达)

  • How far (多远)
  • How long (多久)
  • To get to (到达)
  • Take…minutes (花费…分钟)
  • Depends on (取决于)
  • The best way (最好的方式)
  • Each way (单程)
  • All over the world (全世界)
  • In the world (世界上)
  • A little (一点)
  • The same as (和…一样)
  • Leave home (离开家)
  • Early morning (清晨)
  • Get on (上车)
  • Get off (下车)

二级分支：Grammar (语法)

• Asking about Distance and Time (询问距离与时间)

  • Distance (距离)
    • How far is it from A to B? (从A到B有多远？)
    • It’s…kilometers/miles from A to B. (从A到B是…公里/英里。)
  • Time (时间)
    • How long does it take to get to…? (到达…需要多久？)
    • It takes…minutes/hours to get to… (到达…需要…分钟/小时。)
    • How long does it take you to get to school? (你到学校需要多久？)
    • It takes me about 20 minutes. (我大约需要20分钟。)

• Using Frequency Adverbs (使用频率副词)

  • Position (位置)
    • Before main verb (在主动词之前): I usually take the bus.
    • After "be" verb (在be动词之后): He is always late.
  • Meaning (含义)
    • Express how often an action happens (表达一个动作发生的频率).

• Comparisons (比较)

  • Adjectives (形容词)
    • Comparative Form (比较级): faster, cheaper, further
    • Superlative Form (最高级): fastest, cheapest, furthest
    • Structure: A is faster than B. A is the fastest.
  • Adverbs (副词)
    • Comparative Form (比较级): more quickly, less easily
    • Superlative Form (最高级): most quickly, least easily
    • Structure: A does it more quickly than B. A does it the most quickly.
  • As…as (和…一样)
    • A is as fast as B. (A和B一样快)
    • A is not as fast as B. (A不如B快)

三级分支：Reading and Writing (阅读与写作)

• Reading Strategies (阅读策略)

  • Skimming (略读): get the general idea
  • Scanning (扫读): find specific information
  • Understanding the main idea of each paragraph (理解每段的主要思想)
  • Identifying key vocabulary (识别关键词汇)
  • Making inferences (进行推断)

• Writing about Transportation (关于交通的写作)

  • Describing how you get to school (描述你如何去上学)
  • Comparing different ways of transportation (比较不同的交通方式)
  • Giving directions (指路)
  • Writing about transportation problems and solutions (写作关于交通问题和解决方案)
  • Using descriptive language (使用描述性语言): adjectives, adverbs, sensory details
  • Using connectors (使用连接词): and, but, so, because, although, however

• Sample Writing Topics (写作主题示例)

  • My daily commute to school (我每天上下学)
  • The best way to travel in my city (在我城市中旅行的最佳方式)
  • Transportation problems in my community (我社区的交通问题)
  • A new transportation plan for my city (我城市的一个新的交通计划)

四级分支：Culture Notes (文化笔记)

• Transportation Systems Around the World (世界各地的交通系统)

  • Different types of transportation (不同的交通类型)
  • Cultural differences in transportation (交通方面的文化差异)
  • Environmental impact of transportation (交通对环境的影响)
  • Sustainable transportation (可持续交通)

• Etiquette in Public Transportation (公共交通礼仪)

  • Rules and customs for using public transportation (使用公共交通的规则和习俗)
  • Respect for other passengers (尊重其他乘客)
  • Safety guidelines (安全指南)

五级分支：Listening and Speaking (听力与口语)

• Listening Comprehension (听力理解)

  • Understanding conversations about transportation (理解关于交通的对话)
  • Identifying different accents (识别不同的口音)
  • Taking notes while listening (听力时做笔记)

• Speaking Practice (口语练习)

  • Asking for and giving directions (问路和指路)
  • Describing how you travel (描述你如何旅行)
  • Discussing transportation problems and solutions (讨论交通问题和解决方案)
  • Role-playing (角色扮演)
  • Pronunciation practice (发音练习)