《四年级英语U3思维导图》
核心主题: Where is it? (方位介词和地点)
I. 词汇 (Vocabulary)
A. 地点 (Places)
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1. classroom:
- 解释：教室, learning place
- 例句：The students are in the classroom.
- 拓展：classroom activities, clean the classroom
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2. library:
- 解释：图书馆, place for books
- 例句：We borrow books from the library.
- 拓展：borrow books, librarian, quiet place
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3. playground:
- 解释：操场, place for playing
- 例句：The children are playing on the playground.
- 拓展：play games, running, swings
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4. canteen:
- 解释：食堂, place for eating
- 例句：I have lunch in the canteen.
- 拓展：lunch, dinner, food, dishes
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5. washroom:
- 解释：洗手间, restroom
- 例句：He went to the washroom.
- 拓展：wash hands, toilet, hygiene
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6. office:
- 解释：办公室，place for work.
- 例句：The teacher is in the office.
- 拓展：teacher, principal, meeting
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7. park:
- 解释：公园, green space
- 例句：We walk in the park.
- 拓展：flowers, trees, benches, picnic
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8. shop:
- 解释：商店, place for buying
- 例句：I buy candy in the shop.
- 拓展：buy, sell, products, shopping
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9. home:
- 解释：家, place of residence
- 例句：I am going home.
- 拓展：family, house, apartment
B. 方位介词 (Prepositions of Place)
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1. in:
- 解释：在…里面
- 例句：The book is in the bag.
- 用法：表示在某个范围之内
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2. on:
- 解释：在…上面
- 例句：The pen is on the desk.
- 用法：表示接触在表面上
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3. under:
- 解释：在…下面
- 例句：The cat is under the table.
- 用法：表示垂直下方
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4. near:
- 解释：在…附近
- 例句：The school is near the park.
- 用法：表示距离很近
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5. behind:
- 解释：在…后面
- 例句：The tree is behind the house.
- 用法：表示物体在另一物体的后方
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6. next to:
- 解释：在…旁边
- 例句：The chair is next to the desk.
- 用法：表示紧挨着
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7. in front of:
- 解释：在…前面
- 例句：The car is in front of the shop.
- 用法：表示物体在另一物体的前方
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8. between:
- 解释：在…之间
- 例句：The house is between the two trees.
- 用法：表示在两个物体中间
II. 语法 (Grammar)
A. 疑问句 (Interrogative Sentences)
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1. Where is...?
- 结构：Where is + 名词单数?
- 用法：询问某物的位置
- 例句：Where is the book?
-
2. Where are...?
- 结构：Where are + 名词复数?
- 用法：询问某些东西的位置
- 例句：Where are the pens?
B. 回答 (Answers)
-
1. It is...
- 结构：It is + 方位介词 + 地点
- 用法：回答单数物品的位置
- 例句：It is in the bag.
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2. They are...
- 结构：They are + 方位介词 + 地点
- 用法：回答复数物品的位置
- 例句：They are on the desk.
III. 句型 (Sentence Patterns)
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1. Where is the teacher? He/She is in the office.
- 场景：询问老师的位置，并给出答案
- 拓展：可以替换不同的地点和人物
-
2. Where are the students? They are in the classroom.
- 场景：询问学生的位置，并给出答案
- 拓展：可以替换不同的地点和人群
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3. Where is the book? It is on the desk.
- 场景：询问书的位置，并给出答案
- 拓展：可以替换不同的物品和地点
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4. The park is near the school.
- 场景：描述公园和学校的相对位置
- 拓展：可以用其他地点替换
IV. 拓展活动 (Extension Activities)
A. 游戏 (Games)
- 1. Treasure Hunt: 藏宝游戏，使用方位介词给出寻宝线索
- 2. Simon Says: Simon说，利用方位介词发出指令
- 3. I Spy: 我看见，描述一个物体的位置让其他人猜
B. 练习 (Practice)
- 1. 填空 (Fill in the blanks): the book? It is the desk.
- 2. 看图说话 (Picture Description): 根据图片描述物体的位置
- 3. 角色扮演 (Role Play): 模拟问路和指路的场景
C. 歌曲 (Songs)
- 1. "Head, Shoulders, Knees and Toes": 歌词中包含身体部位的方位
- 2. 寻找方位介词的歌曲: 网上搜索相关资源
V. 文化联系 (Cultural Connections)
- 1. School Layout: 不同国家学校的布局差异
- 2. Directions: 不同国家指示方向的方式
- 3. Maps: 学习简单的地图符号和方向标示
VI. 难点与易错点 (Difficulties & Common Mistakes)
- 1. 混淆方位介词：尤其是
in,on,at的区别。 - 2. 主谓一致：
Where is...?和Where are...?的用法区别。 - 3. 单复数形式：注意名词的单复数形式，以及对应的代词
it和they。 - 4. 方位介词的搭配： 需要熟练掌握每个方位介词的用法和搭配。 例如，
in the classroom,on the table。