小学英语思维导图六年级

# 《小学英语思维导图六年级》

## 一、 词汇与语法回顾

### 1. 名词 (Nouns)

*   **1.1 可数名词 (Countable Nouns)**
        *   1.1.1 单数形式 (Singular Form):  a/an + 名词 (e.g., a book, an apple)
        *   1.1.2 复数形式 (Plural Form):
            *   规则变化 (Regular Plurals): -s, -es (e.g., books, boxes)
            *   不规则变化 (Irregular Plurals):  child-children, man-men, tooth-teeth, foot-feet, mouse-mice
        *   1.1.3  常用可数名词: people, students, teachers, cars, houses, animals
   *   **1.2 不可数名词 (Uncountable Nouns)**
        *   1.2.1  概念:  不能直接计数，通常指物质、液体、抽象概念等。
        *   1.2.2  常用不可数名词: water, milk, bread, rice, information, advice, money, news
        *   1.2.3  量词搭配 (Quantifiers): a piece of, a glass of, a bowl of, some, much, little
   *   **1.3 名词所有格 (Possessive Nouns)**
        *   1.3.1 单数名词所有格: 's (e.g., Tom's book)
        *   1.3.2 复数名词所有格: s' (e.g., the students' books)
        *   1.3.3 不规则复数名词所有格: men's, children's

### 2. 动词 (Verbs)

*   **2.1 动词时态 (Verb Tenses)**
        *   2.1.1 一般现在时 (Simple Present): 描述习惯、事实 (e.g., I play basketball every day.)
            *   第三人称单数 (Third-person singular):  -s/-es
        *   2.1.2 一般过去时 (Simple Past): 描述过去发生的动作 (e.g., I played basketball yesterday.)
            *   规则动词 (Regular Verbs): -ed
            *   不规则动词 (Irregular Verbs): go-went, see-saw, eat-ate
        *   2.1.3 一般将来时 (Simple Future): 描述将来发生的动作 (e.g., I will play basketball tomorrow.)
            *   will + 动词原形 (will + base form of verb)
            *   be going to + 动词原形 (be going to + base form of verb)
        *   2.1.4 现在进行时 (Present Continuous): 描述现在正在进行的动作 (e.g., I am playing basketball now.)
            *   be + 动词-ing (be + verb-ing)
   *   **2.2 情态动词 (Modal Verbs)**
        *   2.2.1 can:  表示能力，允许 (e.g., I can swim.)
        *   2.2.2 may: 表示可能性，允许 (e.g., It may rain.)
        *   2.2.3 must: 表示必须 (e.g., I must study hard.)
        *   2.2.4 should: 表示应该 (e.g., You should eat healthy food.)
        *   2.2.5 will: 表示将来 (e.g., I will go to school tomorrow.)
   *   **2.3  系动词 (Linking Verbs)**
        *   2.3.1 be动词: am, is, are, was, were
        *   2.3.2 感官动词: look, smell, taste, sound, feel (e.g., The food smells good.)
        *   2.3.3  状态保持动词: remain, stay, keep (e.g., Keep quiet.)

### 3. 形容词 (Adjectives)

*   **3.1  描述性形容词 (Descriptive Adjectives)**
        *   3.1.1  描述特征: size, color, shape, age (e.g., big, red, round, old)
        *   3.1.2  描述感受: happy, sad, angry, excited (e.g., I am happy.)
   *   **3.2  比较级 (Comparative Adjectives)**
        *   3.2.1  规则变化: -er (e.g., taller, shorter)
        *   3.2.2  不规则变化: good-better, bad-worse
        *   3.2.3  more + 形容词 (more + adjective) (e.g., more beautiful)
   *   **3.3  最高级 (Superlative Adjectives)**
        *   3.3.1  规则变化: -est (e.g., tallest, shortest)
        *   3.3.2  不规则变化: good-best, bad-worst
        *   3.3.3  most + 形容词 (most + adjective) (e.g., most beautiful)

### 4. 副词 (Adverbs)

*   **4.1  方式副词 (Adverbs of Manner)**
        *   4.1.1  描述动作方式 (e.g., quickly, slowly, carefully)
        *   4.1.2  通常由形容词加-ly构成 (usually formed by adding -ly to adjectives)
   *   **4.2  时间副词 (Adverbs of Time)**
        *   4.2.1  描述时间 (e.g., now, yesterday, tomorrow, soon, later)
   *   **4.3  地点副词 (Adverbs of Place)**
        *   4.3.1  描述地点 (e.g., here, there, everywhere, inside, outside)
   *   **4.4  程度副词 (Adverbs of Degree)**
        *   4.4.1  描述程度 (e.g., very, quite, too, enough, really)
        *   4.4.2  修饰形容词和副词 (modify adjectives and adverbs)

### 5. 介词 (Prepositions)

*   **5.1  地点介词 (Prepositions of Place)**
        *   5.1.1  in, on, at, under, over, near, behind, in front of, next to, between
   *   **5.2  时间介词 (Prepositions of Time)**
        *   5.2.1  at, on, in, for, during, from...to..., until
   *   **5.3  方向介词 (Prepositions of Direction)**
        *   5.3.1  to, from, towards, through, across, along

### 6. 代词 (Pronouns)

*   **6.1  人称代词 (Personal Pronouns)**
        *   6.1.1  主格 (Subject Pronouns): I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they
        *   6.1.2  宾格 (Object Pronouns): me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them
   *   **6.2  物主代词 (Possessive Pronouns)**
        *   6.2.1  形容词性物主代词 (Possessive Adjectives): my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their
        *   6.2.2  名词性物主代词 (Possessive Pronouns): mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs
   *   **6.3  指示代词 (Demonstrative Pronouns)**
        *   6.3.1  this, that, these, those

## 二、 句型结构

### 1. 陈述句 (Declarative Sentences)

*   1.1  肯定句 (Affirmative Sentences)
   *   1.2  否定句 (Negative Sentences)

### 2. 疑问句 (Interrogative Sentences)

*   2.1  一般疑问句 (Yes/No Questions):  Auxiliary verb + subject + main verb...? (e.g., Do you like apples?)
   *   2.2  特殊疑问句 (Wh- Questions):  Wh- word + auxiliary verb + subject + main verb...? (e.g., What is your name?)
   *   2.3  选择疑问句 (Alternative Questions):  Do you like A or B? (e.g., Do you like apples or bananas?)

### 3. 祈使句 (Imperative Sentences)

*   3.1  肯定祈使句 (Affirmative Imperatives):  Verb + ... (e.g., Open the door.)
   *   3.2  否定祈使句 (Negative Imperatives):  Don't + verb + ... (e.g., Don't open the door.)

### 4. 感叹句 (Exclamatory Sentences)

*   4.1  What + (a/an) + adjective + noun + ...! (e.g., What a beautiful day!)
   *   4.2  How + adjective/adverb + ...! (e.g., How fast he runs!)

## 三、 话题扩展

### 1. 学校生活 (School Life)

*   1.1  科目 (Subjects): Maths, English, Science, History, Geography, Art, Music, P.E.
   *   1.2  学习用品 (School Supplies): books, pencils, erasers, rulers, notebooks, bags
   *   1.3  课外活动 (Extracurricular Activities): clubs, sports, volunteering

### 2. 家庭生活 (Family Life)

*   2.1  家庭成员 (Family Members): parents, grandparents, siblings, cousins
   *   2.2  家庭活动 (Family Activities): cooking, playing games, watching TV, going for a walk
   *   2.3  家务 (Chores): cleaning, cooking, washing dishes, doing laundry

### 3. 爱好 (Hobbies)

*   3.1  运动 (Sports): basketball, football, swimming, running, cycling
   *   3.2  艺术 (Arts): drawing, painting, singing, dancing, playing musical instruments
   *   3.3  阅读 (Reading): books, comics, magazines

### 4. 旅行 (Travel)

*   4.1  交通方式 (Transportation): train, plane, car, bus, ship
   *   4.2  景点 (Attractions): museums, parks, historical sites
   *   4.3  住宿 (Accommodation): hotels, hostels, guesthouses

### 5. 健康 (Health)

*   5.1  饮食 (Diet): healthy food, unhealthy food, balanced diet
   *   5.2  锻炼 (Exercise): running, swimming, yoga
   *   5.3  疾病 (Illnesses): cold, flu, fever

## 四、 英语阅读与写作

### 1. 阅读理解 (Reading Comprehension)

*   1.1  识别主题 (Identifying the Main Idea)
   *   1.2  理解细节 (Understanding Details)
   *   1.3  推断含义 (Inferring Meaning)
   *   1.4  词汇理解 (Vocabulary Understanding)

### 2. 写作技巧 (Writing Skills)

*   2.1  段落写作 (Paragraph Writing): topic sentence, supporting sentences, concluding sentence
   *   2.2  电子邮件 (Email Writing): greetings, body, closing
   *   2.3  日记 (Diary Writing): date, personal thoughts and feelings
   *   2.4  简单故事 (Simple Story Writing): beginning, middle, end
   *   2.5  描写人物 (Describing People): appearance, personality, hobbies

《小学英语思维导图六年级》

一、词汇与语法回顾

1. 名词 (Nouns)

1.1 可数名词 (Countable Nouns)
- 1.1.1 单数形式 (Singular Form): a/an + 名词 (e.g., a book, an apple)
- 1.1.2 复数形式 (Plural Form):
  - 规则变化 (Regular Plurals): -s, -es (e.g., books, boxes)
  - 不规则变化 (Irregular Plurals): child-children, man-men, tooth-teeth, foot-feet, mouse-mice
- 1.1.3 常用可数名词: people, students, teachers, cars, houses, animals
1.2 不可数名词 (Uncountable Nouns)
- 1.2.1 概念: 不能直接计数，通常指物质、液体、抽象概念等。
- 1.2.2 常用不可数名词: water, milk, bread, rice, information, advice, money, news
- 1.2.3 量词搭配 (Quantifiers): a piece of, a glass of, a bowl of, some, much, little
1.3 名词所有格 (Possessive Nouns)
- 1.3.1 单数名词所有格: 's (e.g., Tom's book)
- 1.3.2 复数名词所有格: s' (e.g., the students' books)
- 1.3.3 不规则复数名词所有格: men's, children's

2. 动词 (Verbs)

2.1 动词时态 (Verb Tenses)
- 2.1.1 一般现在时 (Simple Present): 描述习惯、事实 (e.g., I play basketball every day.)
  - 第三人称单数 (Third-person singular): -s/-es
- 2.1.2 一般过去时 (Simple Past): 描述过去发生的动作 (e.g., I played basketball yesterday.)
  - 规则动词 (Regular Verbs): -ed
  - 不规则动词 (Irregular Verbs): go-went, see-saw, eat-ate
- 2.1.3 一般将来时 (Simple Future): 描述将来发生的动作 (e.g., I will play basketball tomorrow.)
  - will + 动词原形 (will + base form of verb)
  - be going to + 动词原形 (be going to + base form of verb)
- 2.1.4 现在进行时 (Present Continuous): 描述现在正在进行的动作 (e.g., I am playing basketball now.)
  - be + 动词-ing (be + verb-ing)
2.2 情态动词 (Modal Verbs)
- 2.2.1 can: 表示能力，允许 (e.g., I can swim.)
- 2.2.2 may: 表示可能性，允许 (e.g., It may rain.)
- 2.2.3 must: 表示必须 (e.g., I must study hard.)
- 2.2.4 should: 表示应该 (e.g., You should eat healthy food.)
- 2.2.5 will: 表示将来 (e.g., I will go to school tomorrow.)
2.3 系动词 (Linking Verbs)
- 2.3.1 be动词: am, is, are, was, were
- 2.3.2 感官动词: look, smell, taste, sound, feel (e.g., The food smells good.)
- 2.3.3 状态保持动词: remain, stay, keep (e.g., Keep quiet.)

3. 形容词 (Adjectives)

3.1 描述性形容词 (Descriptive Adjectives)
- 3.1.1 描述特征: size, color, shape, age (e.g., big, red, round, old)
- 3.1.2 描述感受: happy, sad, angry, excited (e.g., I am happy.)
3.2 比较级 (Comparative Adjectives)
- 3.2.1 规则变化: -er (e.g., taller, shorter)
- 3.2.2 不规则变化: good-better, bad-worse
- 3.2.3 more + 形容词 (more + adjective) (e.g., more beautiful)
3.3 最高级 (Superlative Adjectives)
- 3.3.1 规则变化: -est (e.g., tallest, shortest)
- 3.3.2 不规则变化: good-best, bad-worst
- 3.3.3 most + 形容词 (most + adjective) (e.g., most beautiful)

4. 副词 (Adverbs)

4.1 方式副词 (Adverbs of Manner)
- 4.1.1 描述动作方式 (e.g., quickly, slowly, carefully)
- 4.1.2 通常由形容词加-ly构成 (usually formed by adding -ly to adjectives)
4.2 时间副词 (Adverbs of Time)
- 4.2.1 描述时间 (e.g., now, yesterday, tomorrow, soon, later)
4.3 地点副词 (Adverbs of Place)
- 4.3.1 描述地点 (e.g., here, there, everywhere, inside, outside)
4.4 程度副词 (Adverbs of Degree)
- 4.4.1 描述程度 (e.g., very, quite, too, enough, really)
- 4.4.2 修饰形容词和副词 (modify adjectives and adverbs)

5. 介词 (Prepositions)

5.1 地点介词 (Prepositions of Place)
- 5.1.1 in, on, at, under, over, near, behind, in front of, next to, between
5.2 时间介词 (Prepositions of Time)
- 5.2.1 at, on, in, for, during, from...to..., until
5.3 方向介词 (Prepositions of Direction)
- 5.3.1 to, from, towards, through, across, along

6. 代词 (Pronouns)

6.1 人称代词 (Personal Pronouns)
- 6.1.1 主格 (Subject Pronouns): I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they
- 6.1.2 宾格 (Object Pronouns): me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them
6.2 物主代词 (Possessive Pronouns)
- 6.2.1 形容词性物主代词 (Possessive Adjectives): my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their
- 6.2.2 名词性物主代词 (Possessive Pronouns): mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs
6.3 指示代词 (Demonstrative Pronouns)
- 6.3.1 this, that, these, those

二、句型结构

1. 陈述句 (Declarative Sentences)

1.1 肯定句 (Affirmative Sentences)
1.2 否定句 (Negative Sentences)

2. 疑问句 (Interrogative Sentences)

2.1 一般疑问句 (Yes/No Questions): Auxiliary verb + subject + main verb...? (e.g., Do you like apples?)
2.2 特殊疑问句 (Wh- Questions): Wh- word + auxiliary verb + subject + main verb...? (e.g., What is your name?)
2.3 选择疑问句 (Alternative Questions): Do you like A or B? (e.g., Do you like apples or bananas?)

3. 祈使句 (Imperative Sentences)

3.1 肯定祈使句 (Affirmative Imperatives): Verb + ... (e.g., Open the door.)
3.2 否定祈使句 (Negative Imperatives): Don't + verb + ... (e.g., Don't open the door.)

4. 感叹句 (Exclamatory Sentences)

4.1 What + (a/an) + adjective + noun + ...! (e.g., What a beautiful day!)
4.2 How + adjective/adverb + ...! (e.g., How fast he runs!)

三、话题扩展

1. 学校生活 (School Life)

1.1 科目 (Subjects): Maths, English, Science, History, Geography, Art, Music, P.E.
1.2 学习用品 (School Supplies): books, pencils, erasers, rulers, notebooks, bags
1.3 课外活动 (Extracurricular Activities): clubs, sports, volunteering

2. 家庭生活 (Family Life)

2.1 家庭成员 (Family Members): parents, grandparents, siblings, cousins
2.2 家庭活动 (Family Activities): cooking, playing games, watching TV, going for a walk
2.3 家务 (Chores): cleaning, cooking, washing dishes, doing laundry

3. 爱好 (Hobbies)

3.1 运动 (Sports): basketball, football, swimming, running, cycling
3.2 艺术 (Arts): drawing, painting, singing, dancing, playing musical instruments
3.3 阅读 (Reading): books, comics, magazines

4. 旅行 (Travel)

4.1 交通方式 (Transportation): train, plane, car, bus, ship
4.2 景点 (Attractions): museums, parks, historical sites
4.3 住宿 (Accommodation): hotels, hostels, guesthouses

5. 健康 (Health)

5.1 饮食 (Diet): healthy food, unhealthy food, balanced diet
5.2 锻炼 (Exercise): running, swimming, yoga
5.3 疾病 (Illnesses): cold, flu, fever

四、英语阅读与写作

1. 阅读理解 (Reading Comprehension)

1.1 识别主题 (Identifying the Main Idea)
1.2 理解细节 (Understanding Details)
1.3 推断含义 (Inferring Meaning)
1.4 词汇理解 (Vocabulary Understanding)

2. 写作技巧 (Writing Skills)

2.1 段落写作 (Paragraph Writing): topic sentence, supporting sentences, concluding sentence
2.2 电子邮件 (Email Writing): greetings, body, closing
2.3 日记 (Diary Writing): date, personal thoughts and feelings
2.4 简单故事 (Simple Story Writing): beginning, middle, end
2.5 描写人物 (Describing People): appearance, personality, hobbies

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