《五年级英语第一单元思维导图上册》

中心主题：My School

一、 学校 (School Environment)

• 1.1 建筑物 (Buildings):
  • 教室 (Classroom): desks, chairs, blackboard/whiteboard, projector, books, posters, clock
  • 操场 (Playground/Schoolyard): swing, slide, seesaw, basketball court, football field
  • 图书馆 (Library): books, shelves, tables, chairs, librarian
  • 食堂 (Canteen/Cafeteria): tables, chairs, food counter, dishes, cutlery
  • 体育馆 (Gym): basketball hoops, volleyball net, badminton net, gym mats
  • 办公室 (Office): Principal's office, teacher's office, computers, files
  • 实验室 (Laboratory): science lab (beakers, test tubes), computer lab (computers, printers)
  • 卫生间 (Restroom/Toilet): sinks, toilets, soap, towels
  • 医务室 (Infirmary/Sick Bay): bed, first-aid kit, nurse
  • 礼堂 (Auditorium/Assembly Hall): stage, seats, microphone, speakers
• 1.2 地点方位 (Location):
  • in front of (在...前面)
  • behind (在...后面)
  • next to (在...旁边)
  • near (靠近)
  • far from (远离)
  • between (在...之间)
  • on the left (在左边)
  • on the right (在右边)
• 1.3 常用表达 (Useful Expressions):
  • Where is the...? (……在哪里？)
  • It's next to the... (它在……旁边。)
  • Go straight and turn left/right. (直走，然后左/右转。)
  • The library is on the second floor. (图书馆在二楼。)
  • Let's go to the playground. (我们去操场吧。)

二、 课程 (Subjects)

• 2.1 主要科目 (Main Subjects):
  • 英语 (English)
  • 数学 (Math/Mathematics)
  • 语文 (Chinese)
  • 科学 (Science)
  • 历史 (History)
  • 地理 (Geography)
  • 美术 (Art)
  • 音乐 (Music)
  • 体育 (P.E./Physical Education)
  • 信息技术 (I.T./Information Technology)
• 2.2 喜好表达 (Expressing Preferences):
  • I like... (我喜欢……)
  • I don't like... (我不喜欢……)
  • My favorite subject is... (我最喜欢的科目是……)
  • I'm good at... (我擅长……)
  • I'm not good at... (我不擅长……)
  • What's your favorite subject? (你最喜欢的科目是什么？)
• 2.3 相关活动 (Related Activities):
  • reading (阅读)
  • writing (写作)
  • drawing (绘画)
  • singing (唱歌)
  • playing sports (做运动)
  • doing experiments (做实验)
  • using computers (使用电脑)

三、 人物 (People)

• 3.1 学校人员 (School Staff):
  • 校长 (Principal/Headmaster)
  • 老师 (Teacher)
  • 学生 (Student)
  • 图书管理员 (Librarian)
  • 清洁工 (Cleaner)
  • 厨师 (Cook)
  • 校医 (School doctor/Nurse)
• 3.2 描述人物 (Describing People):
  • 使用形容词 (Using adjectives): kind, helpful, strict, friendly, smart, funny, tall, short
  • 描述外貌 (Describing appearance): hair, eyes, height, weight
  • 描述性格 (Describing personality): outgoing, shy, quiet, talkative
• 3.3 关系建立 (Building Relationships):
  • Making friends (交朋友)
  • Helping others (帮助他人)
  • Working together (一起工作)
  • Being polite (有礼貌)

四、 物品 (Objects)

• 4.1 学习用品 (School Supplies):
  • 书 (Book)
  • 笔 (Pen/Pencil)
  • 橡皮 (Eraser)
  • 尺子 (Ruler)
  • 书包 (Schoolbag)
  • 笔记本 (Notebook)
  • 练习本 (Workbook)
  • 蜡笔 (Crayon)
  • 彩笔 (Colored pencil)
  • 水彩笔 (Marker)
  • 胶水 (Glue)
  • 剪刀 (Scissors)
• 4.2 教室物品 (Classroom Objects):
  • 桌子 (Desk)
  • 椅子 (Chair)
  • 黑板/白板 (Blackboard/Whiteboard)
  • 投影仪 (Projector)
  • 地图 (Map)
  • 地球仪 (Globe)
  • 钟 (Clock)
  • 海报 (Poster)
  • 日历 (Calendar)
• 4.3 物品所有格 (Possession):
  • This is my book. (这是我的书。)
  • It's his/her pen. (这是他的/她的笔。)
  • Whose is this? (这是谁的？)
  • It's mine/yours/his/hers. (这是我的/你的/他的/她的。)

五、 动词短语 (Verb Phrases)

• 5.1 课堂活动 (Classroom Activities):
  • read (读)
  • write (写)
  • listen (听)
  • speak (说)
  • draw (画)
  • sing (唱)
  • run (跑)
  • jump (跳)
  • play (玩)
  • study (学习)
  • do homework (做作业)
  • clean the classroom (打扫教室)
• 5.2 日常活动 (Daily Activities):
  • get up (起床)
  • eat breakfast (吃早餐)
  • go to school (去上学)
  • have lunch (吃午餐)
  • go home (回家)
  • watch TV (看电视)
  • do homework (做作业)
  • go to bed (睡觉)
• 5.3 动词时态 (Verb Tenses):
  • 现在进行时 (Present Continuous): am/is/are + verb-ing (I am reading.)
  • 一般现在时 (Simple Present): I/you/we/they + verb, he/she/it + verbs (I read every day.)

六、 语法 (Grammar)

• 6.1 名词 (Nouns):
  • 可数名词 (Countable Nouns): book, pen, desk (can be singular or plural)
  • 不可数名词 (Uncountable Nouns): water, rice, information (usually used in singular form)
• 6.2 代词 (Pronouns):
  • 人称代词 (Personal Pronouns): I, you, he, she, it, we, they
  • 物主代词 (Possessive Pronouns): mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs
  • 指示代词 (Demonstrative Pronouns): this, that, these, those
• 6.3 形容词 (Adjectives):
  • 描述性形容词 (Descriptive Adjectives): big, small, tall, short, happy, sad
  • 所有格形容词 (Possessive Adjectives): my, your, his, her, its, our, their
• 6.4 介词 (Prepositions):
  • 地点介词 (Prepositions of Place): in, on, at, under, over, next to, behind, in front of
  • 时间介词 (Prepositions of Time): at, on, in
• 6.5 疑问词 (Interrogative Words):
  • What (什么)
  • Where (哪里)
  • Who (谁)
  • When (什么时候)
  • Why (为什么)
  • How (怎么样)
  • Which (哪个)

七、 文化拓展 (Cultural Awareness)

• 7.1 不同国家的学校 (Schools in Different Countries):
  • Uniforms (校服): Do all schools have uniforms?
  • School lunches (学校午餐): What do students eat for lunch?
  • School days (上学日): How long is the school day?
  • Holidays (假期): What are the school holidays?
• 7.2 礼仪 (Etiquette):
  • Saying "please" and "thank you" (说“请”和“谢谢”)
  • Raising your hand to speak (举手发言)
  • Respecting teachers and classmates (尊重老师和同学)
• 7.3 学习方法 (Learning Strategies):
  • Making notes (做笔记)
  • Asking questions (提问)
  • Working in groups (小组合作)
  • Using a dictionary (使用字典)
  • Practicing speaking English (练习说英语)

This detailed breakdown provides a comprehensive framework for the Fifth Grade English Unit 1, focusing on "My School." Each section is further divided into sub-topics with specific vocabulary, grammar points, and cultural insights, allowing for a thorough and engaging learning experience.