初一英语九单元思维导图

《初一英语九单元思维导图》

一、 Unit 9: When was he born? (核心话题：过去时，人物生平和历史事件)

1. Grammar Focus (语法重点)

• 1.1 Simple Past Tense (一般过去时)
  • 1.1.1 Regular Verbs (规则动词)
    • Formation: base form + -ed (构成：动词原形 + -ed)
    • Pronunciation of -ed: /t/, /d/, /ɪd/ (发音：/t/, /d/, /ɪd/)
    • Spelling Rules:
      • Most verbs: add -ed (大多数动词：直接加-ed)
      • Ending in 'e': add -d (以'e'结尾：加-d)
      • Ending in consonant + vowel + consonant (CVC): double the final consonant and add -ed (以辅音+元音+辅音结尾：双写最后一个辅音加-ed，注意重读音节)
      • Ending in 'y' preceded by a consonant: change 'y' to 'i' and add -ed (以辅音+y结尾：将'y'变为'i'加-ed)
    • Examples: played, lived, stopped, studied
  • 1.1.2 Irregular Verbs (不规则动词)
    • Memorization required (需要记忆)
    • List of Common Irregular Verbs:
      • be (was/were)
      • do (did)
      • have (had)
      • go (went)
      • see (saw)
      • eat (ate)
      • come (came)
      • give (gave)
      • take (took)
      • write (wrote)
      • etc. (等等)
  • 1.1.3 Negative Form (否定形式)
    • didn't + base form of the verb (didn't + 动词原形)
    • Examples: He didn't play basketball. She didn't go to school.
  • 1.1.4 Interrogative Form (疑问形式)
    • Did + subject + base form of the verb? (Did + 主语 + 动词原形？)
    • Yes/No answers (肯定/否定回答)
    • Examples: Did he play basketball? Yes, he did./No, he didn't.
    • Wh- questions (特殊疑问句)
      • Wh- word + did + subject + base form of the verb? (疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形？)
      • Examples: When did he play basketball? Where did she go?
• 1.2 Time Expressions for the Past (过去的时间状语)
  • yesterday (昨天)
  • last week/month/year (上周/月/年)
  • ago (…之前)
  • in + past year (在…年)
  • Examples: yesterday morning, last Sunday, two days ago, in 1998

2. Vocabulary (词汇)

• 2.1 Dates and Years (日期和年份)
  • Ordinal numbers (序数词): first, second, third, fourth, fifth...
  • Reading years: 1990 (nineteen ninety), 2000 (two thousand), 2010 (two thousand and ten/twenty ten)
• 2.2 Famous People (名人)
  • Scientists (科学家)
  • Artists (艺术家)
  • Writers (作家)
  • Musicians (音乐家)
  • Athletes (运动员)
  • Examples: Albert Einstein, Leonardo da Vinci, William Shakespeare, Mozart, Michael Jordan
• 2.3 Verbs Related to Life Events (与生活事件相关的动词)
  • be born (出生)
  • grow up (长大)
  • study (学习)
  • graduate (毕业)
  • work (工作)
  • die (去世)
• 2.4 Adjectives Describing Characteristics (描述特征的形容词)
  • intelligent (聪明的)
  • creative (有创造力的)
  • famous (著名的)
  • successful (成功的)
  • talented (有天赋的)

3. Functional Language (功能用语)

• Asking about someone's birth date (询问某人的出生日期):
  • When were you born?
  • When was he/she born?
• Giving someone's birth date (告知某人的出生日期):
  • I was born in…
  • He/She was born on…
• Talking about past events and achievements (谈论过去的事件和成就):
  • He/She was famous for…
  • He/She discovered…
  • He/She invented…

4. Reading Comprehension (阅读理解)

• Biographies of famous people (名人传记)
• Historical events (历史事件)
• Understanding chronological order (理解时间顺序)

5. Writing (写作)

• Writing a short biography of a famous person (写一篇名人简传)
• Describing a past event (描述过去发生的事件)

二、 Extension Activities (拓展活动)

• Create a timeline of important events in history (制作历史大事年表)
• Research famous people from different countries (研究不同国家的名人)
• Present a biography of a famous person to the class (向全班展示一位名人传记)
• Write a story about a historical event (写一个关于历史事件的故事)

三、 Key Strategies for Learning (学习关键策略)

• Memorize irregular verbs (记忆不规则动词)
• Practice using the simple past tense in sentences (练习在句子中使用一般过去时)
• Read biographies to improve reading comprehension (阅读传记以提高阅读理解能力)
• Practice writing about past events (练习书写过去发生的事件)
• Use flashcards to learn new vocabulary (使用抽认卡学习新词汇)

四、 Common Mistakes to Avoid (常见错误)

• Using the present tense instead of the past tense (使用现在时代替过去时)
• Incorrectly forming the past tense of irregular verbs (错误地构成不规则动词的过去式)
• Forgetting to use "did" in questions and negative sentences (忘记在疑问句和否定句中使用 "did")
• Misusing time expressions for the past (错误使用过去的时间状语)
• Incorrect spelling of common words (常见单词的拼写错误)

This思维导图 covers the main aspects of Unit 9 in 初一英语. It outlines the key grammar points, vocabulary, functional language, and skills required for students to master the unit. It also includes extension activities and learning strategies to enhance understanding and retention. Finally, it highlights common mistakes to avoid. This serves as a helpful tool for both students and teachers.