《动物英语思维导图》

一、陆地哺乳动物 (Land Mammals)

1. 家畜 (Domestic Animals)

• Dog (狗)
  • Breeds (品种): Labrador, German Shepherd, Poodle, Bulldog, Chihuahua
  • Characteristics (特征): Loyal, intelligent, playful, protective
  • Uses (用途): Companion, guard dog, service animal (seeing-eye, hearing)
  • Phrases (短语): "A dog's life" (艰苦的生活), "Top dog" (领头人)
• Cat (猫)
  • Breeds (品种): Persian, Siamese, Maine Coon, British Shorthair
  • Characteristics (特征): Independent, curious, clean, affectionate
  • Uses (用途): Companion, pest control (mice), emotional support
  • Phrases (短语): "Let the cat out of the bag" (泄露秘密), "Curiosity killed the cat" (好奇害死猫)
• Cow (牛)
  • Types (类型): Dairy cow, beef cow
  • Products (产品): Milk, beef, leather
  • Characteristics (特征): Docile, herbivorous, ruminant
  • Sounds (声音): Moo
  • Phrases (短语): "Cash cow" (摇钱树), "Till the cows come home" (直到永远)
• Horse (马)
  • Breeds (品种): Thoroughbred, Arabian, Mustang
  • Uses (用途): Riding, racing, agriculture, transportation
  • Characteristics (特征): Strong, fast, intelligent, social
  • Equipment (装备): Saddle, bridle, reins
  • Phrases (短语): "Hold your horses" (耐心点), "Straight from the horse's mouth" (直接从可靠来源得到)
• Pig (猪)
  • Uses (用途): Pork, bacon, ham
  • Characteristics (特征): Intelligent, omnivorous, social
  • Sounds (声音): Oink
  • Phrases (短语): "Pig out" (狼吞虎咽), "When pigs fly" (不可能)
• Sheep (羊)
  • Uses (用途): Wool, mutton, lamb
  • Characteristics (特征): Docile, social, herbivorous
  • Sounds (声音): Baa
  • Phrases (短语): "Black sheep" (害群之马), "Count sheep" (数绵羊催眠)
• Chicken (鸡)
  • Uses (用途): Eggs, meat (chicken)
  • Characteristics (特征): Omnivorous, social, ground-dwelling
  • Sounds (声音): Cluck
  • Phrases (短语): "Don't count your chickens before they hatch" (不要过早乐观)

2. 野生动物 (Wild Animals)

• Lion (狮子)
  • Habitat (栖息地): Savanna, grassland
  • Characteristics (特征): Apex predator, social (pride), powerful
  • Sounds (声音): Roar
  • Phrases (短语): "Lion's share" (最大的一份)
• Elephant (大象)
  • Habitat (栖息地): Savanna, forest
  • Characteristics (特征): Intelligent, social, large, long trunk
  • Features (特征): Tusks, trunk, large ears
  • Phrases (短语): "Elephant in the room" (显而易见却没人提的问题)
• Tiger (老虎)
  • Habitat (栖息地): Forest, grassland
  • Characteristics (特征): Solitary, powerful, striped
  • Sounds (声音): Growl
• Bear (熊)
  • Types (类型): Grizzly bear, polar bear, black bear
  • Habitat (栖息地): Forest, tundra
  • Characteristics (特征): Strong, omnivorous, hibernating
  • Phrases (短语): "Bear with me" (请忍耐)
• Deer (鹿)
  • Habitat (栖息地): Forest, grassland
  • Characteristics (特征): Graceful, herbivorous, antlers (males)
• Fox (狐狸)
  • Habitat (栖息地): Forest, grassland
  • Characteristics (特征): Cunning, intelligent, adaptable
  • Phrases (短语): "Sly as a fox" (狡猾的像狐狸)
• Wolf (狼)
  • Habitat (栖息地): Forest, tundra
  • Characteristics (特征): Social (pack), intelligent, territorial
  • Sounds (声音): Howl
  • Phrases (短语): "Cry wolf" (狼来了)
• Monkey (猴子)
  • Habitat (栖息地): Tropical forests, savannas
  • Characteristics (特征): Intelligent, social, agile, primates
  • Types (类型): Chimpanzee, Gorilla, Orangutan, Macaque

二、鸟类 (Birds)

• Eagle (鹰)
  • Habitat (栖息地): Mountains, forests
  • Characteristics (特征): Powerful, keen eyesight, raptor
  • Symbolism (象征意义): Freedom, strength
• Owl (猫头鹰)
  • Habitat (栖息地): Forests, woodlands
  • Characteristics (特征): Nocturnal, silent flight, raptor
  • Symbolism (象征意义): Wisdom, mystery
• Penguin (企鹅)
  • Habitat (栖息地): Antarctic regions
  • Characteristics (特征): Flightless, aquatic, social
• Parrot (鹦鹉)
  • Habitat (栖息地): Tropical forests
  • Characteristics (特征): Colorful, intelligent, mimicking
• Sparrow (麻雀)
  • Habitat (栖息地): Urban areas, grasslands
  • Characteristics (特征): Small, common, adaptable
• Swan (天鹅)
  • Habitat (栖息地): Lakes, rivers
  • Characteristics (特征): Graceful, elegant, large
• Duck (鸭子)
  • Habitat (栖息地): Ponds, lakes
  • Characteristics (特征): Aquatic, webbed feet, dabbling

三、海洋生物 (Marine Life)

• Fish (鱼)
  • Types (类型): Salmon, Tuna, Shark, Dolphin, Whale
  • Habitat (栖息地): Oceans, rivers, lakes
  • Characteristics (特征): Aquatic, gills, scales
• Dolphin (海豚)
  • Characteristics (特征): Intelligent, social, playful, mammal
  • Sounds (声音): Clicking, whistling
• Whale (鲸鱼)
  • Types (类型): Blue whale, Humpback whale, Orca (killer whale)
  • Characteristics (特征): Largest animal, mammal, baleen or toothed
• Shark (鲨鱼)
  • Types (类型): Great white shark, Hammerhead shark
  • Characteristics (特征): Apex predator, cartilaginous skeleton
• Octopus (章鱼)
  • Characteristics (特征): Intelligent, camouflage, eight arms
• Jellyfish (水母)
  • Characteristics (特征): Gelatinous, stinging cells, transparent
• Seahorse (海马)
  • Characteristics (特征): Bony fish, male carries eggs

四、昆虫 (Insects)

• Butterfly (蝴蝶)
  • Life cycle (生命周期): Egg, larva (caterpillar), pupa (chrysalis), adult
  • Characteristics (特征): Colorful wings, metamorphosis
• Bee (蜜蜂)
  • Characteristics (特征): Pollination, honey production, social (hive)
  • Products (产品): Honey, beeswax
  • Phrases (短语): "Busy as a bee" (像蜜蜂一样忙碌)
• Ant (蚂蚁)
  • Characteristics (特征): Social (colony), strong, hard-working
  • Phrases (短语): "As busy as an ant" (像蚂蚁一样忙碌)
• Spider (蜘蛛)
  • Characteristics (特征): Eight legs, web-spinning
• Grasshopper (蚱蜢)
  • Characteristics (特征): Long legs, jumping, herbivorous
• Mosquito (蚊子)
  • Characteristics (特征): Biting, blood-sucking, disease vector

五、爬行动物 (Reptiles)

• Snake (蛇)
  • Characteristics (特征): Scaly, legless, venomous or non-venomous
  • Types (类型): Cobra, Python, Anaconda
• Lizard (蜥蜴)
  • Characteristics (特征): Scaly, four legs, diverse species
  • Types (类型): Chameleon, Gecko, Iguana
• Turtle (乌龟)
  • Characteristics (特征): Shell, slow-moving, long-lived
• Crocodile (鳄鱼)
  • Characteristics (特征): Scaly, aquatic, powerful jaws
  • Distinguished from Alligator by (与短吻鳄区别): Narrower snout

六、两栖动物 (Amphibians)

• Frog (青蛙)
  • Life cycle (生命周期): Egg, tadpole, froglet, adult
  • Characteristics (特征): Smooth skin, hopping
• Salamander (蝾螈)
  • Characteristics (特征): Long body, tail, moist skin
• Toad (蟾蜍)
  • Characteristics (特征): Bumpy skin, hopping