《Chinese Festival 思维导图模版》
中心主题：Chinese Festivals (中国节日)
一、传统节日 (Traditional Festivals)
1. 春节 (Spring Festival / Lunar New Year)
- 时间 (Time): 农历正月初一 (First day of the Lunar New Year)
- 习俗 (Customs):
- 贴春联 (Paste Spring Couplets): 辞旧迎新，表达美好祝愿 (Bid farewell to the old and welcome the new, express good wishes)
- 放鞭炮 (Set off Firecrackers): 驱邪避灾，增添节日气氛 (Drive away evil spirits, add festive atmosphere)
- 吃年夜饭 (Reunion Dinner): 全家团聚，共享美食 (Family reunion, enjoy delicious food)
- 饺子 (Dumplings): 象征团圆，寓意招财进宝 (Symbolizes reunion, implies wealth and prosperity)
- 年糕 (Rice Cake): 寓意年年高升 (Implies higher achievement every year)
- 鱼 (Fish): 寓意年年有余 (Implies abundance every year)
- 拜年 (New Year Greetings): 互相祝福，长辈给晚辈压岁钱 (Mutual blessings, elders give younger generation lucky money)
- 舞龙舞狮 (Dragon and Lion Dance): 祈求风调雨顺，国泰民安 (Pray for good weather and national prosperity)
- 看春晚 (Watch Spring Festival Gala): 欣赏节目，感受节日氛围 (Enjoy the shows, feel the festive atmosphere)
- 食物 (Food):
- 饺子 (Dumplings)
- 年糕 (Rice Cake)
- 春卷 (Spring Rolls)
- 汤圆 (Sweet Rice Balls)
- 八宝饭 (Eight Treasure Rice)
- 象征意义 (Symbolic Meaning): 团圆，辞旧迎新，吉祥如意 (Reunion, farewell to the old and welcome the new, good luck and happiness)
2. 元宵节 (Lantern Festival)
- 时间 (Time): 农历正月十五 (Fifteenth day of the Lunar New Year)
- 习俗 (Customs):
- 赏花灯 (Enjoy Lanterns): 观赏各式各样的花灯 (Admire various lanterns)
- 猜灯谜 (Guess Lantern Riddles): 益智娱乐，增添节日乐趣 (Intellectual entertainment, add festive fun)
- 吃元宵/汤圆 (Eat Tangyuan): 象征团圆美满 (Symbolizes reunion and perfection)
- 舞龙舞狮 (Dragon and Lion Dance): 热闹庆祝，祈求平安 (Lively celebration, pray for peace)
- 食物 (Food):
- 元宵 (Yuanxiao) - 北方
- 汤圆 (Tangyuan) - 南方
- 象征意义 (Symbolic Meaning): 团圆，喜庆，光明 (Reunion, celebration, brightness)
3. 清明节 (Tomb-Sweeping Day)
- 时间 (Time): 公历4月4日或5日 (April 4th or 5th of the Gregorian calendar)
- 习俗 (Customs):
- 扫墓祭祖 (Tomb Sweeping): 缅怀先人，表达敬意 (Remember ancestors, express respect)
- 踏青 (Spring Outing): 郊游踏青，享受春日美景 (Picnic outing, enjoy the beautiful scenery of spring)
- 放风筝 (Fly Kites): 放松心情，祈求好运 (Relax and pray for good luck)
- 食物 (Food):
- 青团 (Qingtuan)
- 馓子 (Sanzi)
- 象征意义 (Symbolic Meaning): 缅怀，敬意，踏青 (Remembrance, respect, spring outing)
4. 端午节 (Dragon Boat Festival)
- 时间 (Time): 农历五月初五 (Fifth day of the fifth lunar month)
- 习俗 (Customs):
- 赛龙舟 (Dragon Boat Racing): 团结协作，奋勇争先 (Unity and cooperation, striving for the first place)
- 吃粽子 (Eat Zongzi): 纪念屈原，表达爱国之情 (Commemorate Qu Yuan, express patriotism)
- 挂艾草菖蒲 (Hang Mugwort and Calamus): 驱邪避害，保平安 (Drive away evil spirits, protect peace)
- 喝雄黄酒 (Drink Realgar Wine): 驱虫解毒 (Repel insects and detoxify)
- 食物 (Food):
- 粽子 (Zongzi)
- 象征意义 (Symbolic Meaning): 爱国，团结，健康 (Patriotism, unity, health)
5. 中秋节 (Mid-Autumn Festival)
- 时间 (Time): 农历八月十五 (Fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month)
- 习俗 (Customs):
- 赏月 (Moon Viewing): 欣赏圆月，表达思念之情 (Admire the full moon, express feelings of longing)
- 吃月饼 (Eat Mooncakes): 象征团圆，寓意美好 (Symbolizes reunion, implies beauty)
- 祭月 (Moon Worship): 祈求平安幸福 (Pray for peace and happiness)
- 赏桂花 (Appreciate Osmanthus): 欣赏桂花，品尝桂花酒 (Admire osmanthus flowers, taste osmanthus wine)
- 食物 (Food):
- 月饼 (Mooncakes)
- 桂花糕 (Osmanthus Cake)
- 菱角 (Water Chestnuts)
- 象征意义 (Symbolic Meaning): 团圆，思念，美好 (Reunion, longing, beauty)
6. 重阳节 (Double Ninth Festival)
- 时间 (Time): 农历九月初九 (Ninth day of the ninth lunar month)
- 习俗 (Customs):
- 登高 (Climbing Mountains): 锻炼身体，祈求健康 (Exercise, pray for health)
- 赏菊 (Chrysanthemum Viewing): 欣赏菊花，品尝菊花酒 (Admire chrysanthemums, taste chrysanthemum wine)
- 佩戴茱萸 (Wear Dogwood): 辟邪驱灾 (Ward off evil spirits)
- 敬老 (Respect the Elderly): 尊敬长辈，表达关爱 (Respect elders, express care)
- 食物 (Food):
- 菊花酒 (Chrysanthemum Wine)
- 重阳糕 (Double Ninth Cake)
- 象征意义 (Symbolic Meaning): 敬老，健康，长寿 (Respect for the elderly, health, longevity)
二、少数民族节日 (Minority Ethnic Festivals)
- 泼水节 (Water Splashing Festival) - 傣族 (Dai ethnic group): 庆祝新年，互相泼水祝福 (Celebrate the New Year, splash water on each other for blessings)
- 那达慕大会 (Nadam Fair) - 蒙古族 (Mongolian ethnic group): 传统体育竞技活动，展示民族文化 (Traditional sports competitions, showcasing ethnic culture)
- 火把节 (Torch Festival) - 彝族 (Yi ethnic group): 庆祝丰收，祈求平安 (Celebrate the harvest, pray for peace)
- 三月三 (March 3rd) - 壮族 (Zhuang ethnic group): 歌唱节，男女青年对歌择偶 (Singing festival, young men and women sing to choose partners)
三、现代节日 (Modern Festivals - influenced by Western culture)
- 元旦 (New Year's Day): 公历1月1日 (January 1st of the Gregorian calendar)
- 劳动节 (Labor Day): 公历5月1日 (May 1st of the Gregorian calendar)
- 儿童节 (Children's Day): 公历6月1日 (June 1st of the Gregorian calendar)
- 建军节 (Army Day): 公历8月1日 (August 1st of the Gregorian calendar)
- 教师节 (Teacher's Day): 公历9月10日 (September 10th of the Gregorian calendar)
- 国庆节 (National Day): 公历10月1日 (October 1st of the Gregorian calendar)
四、节日的影响 (Influence of Festivals)
- 文化传承 (Cultural Inheritance): 传承中华优秀传统文化 (Inherit Chinese excellent traditional culture)
- 社会凝聚力 (Social Cohesion): 增强民族认同感和社会凝聚力 (Enhance national identity and social cohesion)
- 经济发展 (Economic Development): 促进旅游业和相关产业发展 (Promote the development of tourism and related industries)
- 家庭关系 (Family Relationships): 加强家庭成员之间的联系 (Strengthen the connection between family members)
- 个人成长 (Personal Growth): 了解历史文化，提升文化素养 (Understand history and culture, improve cultural literacy)