《五下英语思维导图一到六单元》

单元一：My Day

中心主题：Daily Routines & Telling Time

• 核心词汇：
  • Activities: get up, brush teeth, eat breakfast, go to school, have lunch, go home, do homework, eat dinner, go to bed, take a shower, watch TV, play sports, read books
  • Time: o'clock, half past, quarter past, quarter to, morning, afternoon, evening, night
  • Adverbs of Frequency: always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never
• 核心语法：
  • Simple Present Tense (一般现在时):
    • Structure: Subject + Verb (base form or -s/-es)
    • Usage: Describing daily routines and habits
    • Examples: I get up at 7 o'clock. He brushes his teeth every morning.
  • Adverbs of Frequency Placement:
    • Before the main verb (except be verb): I usually eat breakfast at 7:30.
    • After the be verb: He is always late.
  • Asking and Telling Time:
    • What time is it? It's ... o'clock. It's half past ... It's quarter past ... It's quarter to ...
• 拓展词汇：
  • Other Activities: listen to music, chat with friends, surf the internet, play games
  • Describing Feelings: happy, tired, bored, excited
• 句型：
  • I usually ... at ...
  • What do you usually do after school?
  • He/She seldom ...
• 文化点：
  • Typical school day routines in different countries.
  • Importance of time management.

单元二：My Favourite Season

中心主题：Seasons, Weather, and Activities

• 核心词汇：
  • Seasons: spring, summer, autumn/fall, winter
  • Weather: sunny, rainy, windy, snowy, cloudy, hot, cold, warm, cool
  • Activities: swim, fly kites, pick apples, make a snowman, play in the snow, go hiking, go camping
  • Clothes: T-shirt, shorts, skirt, dress, jacket, coat, sweater, scarf, gloves, boots
• 核心语法：
  • Describing the weather: It is sunny/rainy/windy/snowy/cloudy.
  • What's the weather like? It's ...
  • Expressing preferences: I like/love/hate ... I prefer ...
  • Simple Present Tense (一般现在时) for describing seasonal activities.
• 拓展词汇：
  • Describing Landscapes: beautiful, green, colorful, white
  • Days of the Week: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday
• 句型：
  • What's your favorite season? My favorite season is ...
  • What do you usually do in ...? I usually ...
  • I like ... because ...
• 文化点：
  • Festivals and holidays associated with different seasons (e.g., Christmas in winter, Spring Festival in spring).
  • How weather affects daily life.

单元三：My School

中心主题：School Subjects, Places, and Activities

• 核心词汇：
  • Subjects: English, math, Chinese, science, art, music, PE (physical education), history, geography, computer science
  • Places: classroom, library, playground, canteen/cafeteria, gym, office
  • School Supplies: books, pencils, pens, erasers, rulers, notebooks, backpacks
  • Activities: study, read, write, draw, sing, play sports, use the computer
• 核心语法：
  • Present Continuous Tense (现在进行时):
    • Structure: Subject + be (am/is/are) + Verb-ing
    • Usage: Describing actions happening now.
    • Examples: I am reading a book. He is playing basketball.
  • Asking and answering about current activities: What are you doing? I am ...
  • Prepositions of Place: in, on, at, near, behind, in front of, next to, between
• 拓展词汇：
  • School Rules: be quiet, listen to the teacher, don't run, raise your hand
  • Describing Feelings in school: happy, excited, nervous, bored
• 句型：
  • What subject do you like best? I like ... best.
  • Where is the ...? It is ...
  • Are you ...? Yes, I am. / No, I'm not.
• 文化点：
  • School systems in different countries.
  • Importance of education.

单元四：At the Zoo

中心主题：Animals, Habitats, and Descriptions

• 核心词汇：
  • Animals: lion, tiger, elephant, giraffe, monkey, panda, bear, snake, zebra, kangaroo
  • Habitats: forest, jungle, desert, grassland, ocean, river
  • Describing Animals: big, small, tall, short, long, short, fast, slow, strong, weak, beautiful, ugly
  • Animal Sounds: roar, growl, hiss, chirp, moo
• 核心语法：
  • Using adjectives to describe animals: The elephant is big. The giraffe is tall.
  • Comparing animals using "taller than," "bigger than," etc.
  • Using "can" to describe abilities: A monkey can climb trees.
• 拓展词汇：
  • Food for Animals: meat, grass, leaves, fruit
  • Animal Characteristics: fur, feathers, scales, claws, teeth
• 句型：
  • What's your favorite animal? My favorite animal is ...
  • What can ... do? It can ...
  • A ... is bigger than a ...
• 文化点：
  • Importance of animal conservation.
  • Different zoos and their animals around the world.

单元五：Let's Eat

中心主题：Food, Drinks, and Healthy Eating

• 核心词汇：
  • Food: rice, noodles, bread, meat, vegetables, fruit, chicken, fish, eggs, milk, juice, water
  • Fruits: apple, banana, orange, grape, strawberry, watermelon
  • Vegetables: carrot, potato, tomato, cucumber, lettuce
  • Describing Taste: delicious, tasty, yummy, sour, sweet, salty, spicy
• 核心语法：
  • Countable and Uncountable Nouns:
    • Countable: apple, banana, orange (can be counted)
    • Uncountable: rice, water, milk (cannot be counted)
  • Using "a" and "an" with countable nouns: a banana, an apple
  • Using "some" with uncountable nouns: some rice, some water
  • Expressing preferences: I like/love/hate ... I want some ... I don't want any ...
• 拓展词汇：
  • Meals: breakfast, lunch, dinner, snack
  • Cooking Verbs: cook, bake, fry, boil
• 句型：
  • What do you want to eat/drink? I want some ...
  • Do you like ...? Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
  • I'm hungry/thirsty.
• 文化点：
  • Food cultures around the world.
  • Importance of a balanced diet.

单元六：Where is my pen?

中心主题：Possessions, Locations, and Giving Directions

• 核心词汇：
  • Possessions: pen, pencil, book, ruler, bag, eraser, key, toy, phone
  • Location Words: in, on, under, near, next to, behind, in front of, between
  • Giving Directions: turn left, turn right, go straight, go past
• 核心语法：
  • Possessive Adjectives: my, your, his, her, its, our, their
    • This is my pen.
    • Where is her book?
  • Whose ... is this? It's my/your/his/her ...
  • Imperative Sentences (祈使句) for giving directions: Turn left. Go straight.
• 拓展词汇：
  • Places in the Neighborhood: school, hospital, park, shop, library, post office
• 句型：
  • Where is my ...? It's ...
  • Whose ... is this? It's ...
  • How can I get to the ...? Go straight and turn left.
• 文化点：
  • Polite ways to ask for help and give directions.
  • Map reading skills.