《英语第三单元 What Can You Do? Like 思维导图》

中心主题：What Can You Do? / Hobbies & Skills

一级分支 1：Asking About Abilities & Preferences (询问能力与偏好)

• 1.1 Key Phrases (关键短语)

  • What can you do? (你能做什么?)
    • Purpose: Primary question to inquire about skills.
    • Variations: What are you good at? (你擅长什么？), What's your hobby? (你的爱好是什么？)
  • Can you...? (你会...吗?)
    • Purpose: Direct yes/no question about a specific skill.
    • Examples: Can you swim? (你会游泳吗？), Can you play the piano? (你会弹钢琴吗？)
  • What do you like doing? (你喜欢做什么？)
    • Purpose: To understand personal preferences and hobbies.
    • Variations: What's your favorite hobby? (你最喜欢的爱好是什么？)
  • Do you like...? (你喜欢...吗?)
    • Purpose: Direct yes/no question about liking a specific activity.
    • Examples: Do you like dancing? (你喜欢跳舞吗？), Do you like reading? (你喜欢阅读吗？)

• 1.2 Response Formats (回应形式)

  • I can... (我会...)
    • Purpose: Answering what one is capable of.
    • Examples: I can sing. (我会唱歌。), I can ride a bike. (我会骑自行车。)
  • I like...ing (我喜欢...)
    • Purpose: Expressing preferences for activities.
    • Examples: I like swimming. (我喜欢游泳。), I like playing basketball. (我喜欢打篮球。)
  • Yes, I can. (是的，我会。) / No, I can't. (不，我不会。)
    • Purpose: Short answers to "Can you...?" questions.
  • Yes, I do. (是的，我喜欢。) / No, I don't. (不，我不喜欢。)
    • Purpose: Short answers to "Do you like...?" questions.
  • I'm good at... (我擅长...)
    • Purpose: To express competence in a particular skill.
    • Examples: I'm good at drawing. (我擅长绘画。), I'm good at math. (我擅长数学。)

一级分支 2：Vocabulary (词汇)

• 2.1 Action Verbs (动作动词)

  • Swim (游泳)
  • Sing (唱歌)
  • Dance (跳舞)
  • Play (playing) (玩/弹奏) (playing piano, playing basketball)
  • Draw (绘画)
  • Paint (油漆/绘画)
  • Read (阅读)
  • Write (写作)
  • Cook (烹饪)
  • Ride a bike (骑自行车)
  • Climb (攀爬)
  • Run (跑)
  • Jump (跳)

• 2.2 Nouns (名词) (Hobbies & Interests)

  • Basketball (篮球)
  • Football (足球)
  • Tennis (网球)
  • Piano (钢琴)
  • Guitar (吉他)
  • Books (书)
  • Magazines (杂志)
  • Computer games (电脑游戏)
  • Cartoons (卡通)
  • Music (音乐)
  • Films (电影)
  • Dancing (舞蹈)
  • Singing (唱歌)
  • Drawing (绘画)
  • Painting (油画)

一级分支 3：Grammar (语法)

• 3.1 Modal Verb "Can" (情态动词 "Can")

  • Expressing Ability: I can swim. (我能游泳。) – Indicates the ability to perform an action.
  • Asking for Permission: Can I go to the park? (我可以去公园吗?) – Although not the primary focus, it's a function of "can".
  • Form: Can + Base Form of Verb (Can + 动词原形)
  • Negative Form: Cannot / Can't + Base Form of Verb (不能/不能+动词原形) I can't swim. (我不会游泳。)
  • Interrogative Form: Can + Subject + Base Form of Verb? (Can + 主语 + 动词原形?) Can you swim? (你会游泳吗?)

• 3.2 Like + -ing Form (喜欢 + -ing 形式)

  • Expressing Preferences: I like swimming. (我喜欢游泳。)
  • Structure: Like + Verb + -ing (喜欢 + 动词 + -ing)
  • Negative Form: Don't/Doesn't like + Verb + -ing (不喜欢+动词+-ing) I don't like singing. (我不喜欢唱歌。)
  • Interrogative Form: Do/Does + Subject + Like + Verb + -ing? (Do/Does + 主语 + 喜欢 + 动词 + -ing?) Do you like swimming? (你喜欢游泳吗?)

一级分支 4：Cultural Context (文化背景)

• 4.1 Common Hobbies Worldwide (世界各地常见的爱好)
  • Sports (运动): Basketball, Football, Swimming
  • Arts & Crafts (艺术与手工): Drawing, Painting, Knitting
  • Music (音乐): Playing instruments, Singing, Listening to music
  • Reading (阅读): Books, Comics, Magazines
  • Technology (科技): Computer games, Programming
• 4.2 Asking About Hobbies as a Social Icebreaker (询问爱好作为社交破冰)
  • Finding Common Interests: Identifying shared hobbies to start conversations.
  • Respecting Different Preferences: Understanding that people have different interests.
  • Expanding Your Own Horizons: Learning about new hobbies and activities.

一级分支 5：Extension Activities (拓展活动)

• 5.1 Role-Playing Scenarios (角色扮演情景)
  • Introducing oneself and asking about hobbies.
  • Describing personal skills and interests to a new friend.
  • Interviewing classmates about their abilities.
• 5.2 Writing Activities (写作活动)
  • Writing a short paragraph about one's hobbies.
  • Writing a dialogue between two people discussing their abilities and preferences.
  • Creating a "skills and hobbies" questionnaire.
• 5.3 Project-Based Learning (项目式学习)
  • Creating a class "talent show" where students demonstrate their skills.
  • Designing a poster showcasing different hobbies and activities.
  • Conducting a survey to find out the most popular hobbies in the class.

一级分支 6: Pronunciation (发音)

• 6.1 Emphasis on Key Words (关键词的强调)
  • Emphasize the verbs indicating actions: "Can swim, can sing..."
  • Stress on the "-ing" ending in verbs: "swimming", "reading..."
• 6.2 Contractions (缩写)
  • Practice saying "can't" clearly, distinguishing it from "can".
  • Understanding that "don't" and "doesn't" are contractions of "do not" and "does not".
• 6.3 Intonation (语调)
  • Rising intonation at the end of "Can you...?" and "Do you like...?" questions.
  • Varying intonation to express enthusiasm or disinterest.

This expanded mind map provides a comprehensive overview of the third unit, "What Can You Do?" and "Hobbies & Skills," encompassing vocabulary, grammar, cultural context, and extension activities to enhance learning and understanding.