七年级英语思维导图food

《七年级英语思维导图 Food》

中心主题: Food (食物)

I. Food Groups (食物种类)

• A. Grains (谷物)
  • 1. Examples:
       • a. Rice (米饭): White Rice, Brown Rice, Wild Rice, Sticky Rice.
       • b. Bread (面包): White Bread, Whole Wheat Bread, Rye Bread, Sourdough.
       • c. Pasta (意面): Spaghetti, Penne, Fusilli, Macaroni.
       • d. Cereal (谷物早餐): Cornflakes, Oatmeal, Muesli, Granola.
       • e. Noodles (面条): Ramen, Udon, Soba, Rice Noodles.
  • 2. Characteristics: High in carbohydrates (碳水化合物), Provides energy.
  • 3. Healthy Options: Whole grains (全谷物), High fiber content.
• B. Fruits (水果)
  • 1. Examples:
       • a. Apples (苹果): Red Delicious, Granny Smith, Gala.
       • b. Bananas (香蕉): Cavendish, Plantain.
       • c. Oranges (橙子): Valencia, Navel.
       • d. Berries (浆果): Strawberries, Blueberries, Raspberries, Blackberries.
       • e. Watermelon (西瓜), Grapes (葡萄), Mangoes (芒果), Peaches (桃子).
  • 2. Characteristics: Rich in vitamins (维生素), minerals (矿物质), and fiber (纤维).
  • 3. Health Benefits: Boost immunity (增强免疫力), Improve digestion (促进消化).
• C. Vegetables (蔬菜)
  • 1. Examples:
       • a. Leafy Greens (绿叶蔬菜): Lettuce, Spinach, Kale.
       • b. Root Vegetables (根茎类蔬菜): Carrots, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes, Beets.
       • c. Cruciferous Vegetables (十字花科蔬菜): Broccoli, Cauliflower, Cabbage.
       • d. Legumes (豆类): Beans, Lentils, Peas.
       • e. Tomatoes (西红柿), Cucumbers (黄瓜), Peppers (辣椒).
  • 2. Characteristics: Low in calories (卡路里), High in vitamins, minerals, and fiber.
  • 3. Health Benefits: Protect against diseases (预防疾病), Support healthy growth.
• D. Protein (蛋白质)
  • 1. Examples:
       • a. Meat (肉类): Beef (牛肉), Chicken (鸡肉), Pork (猪肉), Lamb (羊肉).
       • b. Seafood (海鲜): Fish (鱼), Shrimp (虾), Crab (螃蟹), Lobster (龙虾).
       • c. Eggs (鸡蛋): Chicken Eggs, Duck Eggs.
       • d. Dairy (乳制品): Milk (牛奶), Cheese (奶酪), Yogurt (酸奶).
       • e. Nuts & Seeds (坚果和种子): Almonds, Walnuts, Sunflower Seeds, Chia Seeds.
  • 2. Characteristics: Essential for building and repairing tissues (构建和修复组织), Important for enzyme production (酶的产生).
  • 3. Lean Protein Sources: Chicken breast (鸡胸肉), Fish (鱼), Beans (豆类).
• E. Dairy (乳制品)
  • 1. Examples: Milk (牛奶), Cheese (奶酪), Yogurt (酸奶), Butter (黄油), Ice Cream (冰淇淋).
  • 2. Characteristics: Rich in calcium (钙), Important for bone health (骨骼健康).
  • 3. Alternatives: Soy Milk (豆奶), Almond Milk (杏仁奶), Oat Milk (燕麦奶).
• F. Oils & Fats (油和脂肪)
  • 1. Examples: Olive Oil (橄榄油), Vegetable Oil (植物油), Butter (黄油), Avocado (鳄梨).
  • 2. Characteristics: Provides energy, Important for vitamin absorption (维生素吸收).
  • 3. Healthy Fats: Unsaturated fats (不饱和脂肪), Found in olive oil, avocados, and nuts.
  • 4. Unhealthy Fats: Saturated fats (饱和脂肪), Trans fats (反式脂肪).

II. Meals (餐点)

• A. Breakfast (早餐)
  • 1. Typical Foods: Cereal, Toast, Eggs, Yogurt, Fruit.
  • 2. Healthy Options: Oatmeal with berries, Whole-wheat toast with avocado, Greek yogurt with granola.
• B. Lunch (午餐)
  • 1. Typical Foods: Sandwiches, Salads, Soup, Leftovers.
  • 2. Healthy Options: Salad with grilled chicken, Whole-grain sandwich with vegetables and lean protein.
• C. Dinner (晚餐)
  • 1. Typical Foods: Meat, Vegetables, Rice or Pasta.
  • 2. Healthy Options: Baked fish with steamed vegetables and brown rice, Chicken stir-fry with lots of vegetables.
• D. Snacks (零食)
  • 1. Examples: Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts, Yogurt.
  • 2. Healthy Snack Choices: Apple slices with peanut butter, Carrot sticks with hummus, A handful of almonds.

III. Cooking Methods (烹饪方式)

• A. Boiling (煮): Cooking food in boiling water. (eg. Boiling eggs, boiling vegetables).
• B. Frying (炸): Cooking food in hot oil. (eg. Fried chicken, French fries).
• C. Baking (烤): Cooking food in an oven. (eg. Baked potatoes, Cake).
• D. Roasting (烤/烘烤): Cooking food in an oven with dry heat. (eg. Roasted chicken, Roasted vegetables).
• E. Grilling (烤/烧烤): Cooking food over an open flame or on a grill. (eg. Grilled steak, Grilled vegetables).
• F. Steaming (蒸): Cooking food using steam. (eg. Steamed fish, Steamed vegetables).
• G. Stir-frying (炒): Cooking food quickly in a wok or frying pan. (eg. Stir-fried noodles, Stir-fried vegetables).

IV. Describing Food (描述食物)

• A. Taste (味道):
  • 1. Sweet (甜): Cake, Candy, Honey.
  • 2. Sour (酸): Lemon, Vinegar, Yogurt.
  • 3. Salty (咸): Chips, Pretzels, Salted nuts.
  • 4. Bitter (苦): Coffee, Dark chocolate.
  • 5. Spicy (辣): Chili peppers, Hot sauce.
• B. Texture (质地):
  • 1. Soft (软): Bread, Pudding.
  • 2. Hard (硬): Crackers, Nuts.
  • 3. Crunchy (脆): Chips, Vegetables.
  • 4. Chewy (有嚼劲): Gum, Caramel.
  • 5. Creamy (奶油状): Ice cream, Yogurt.
• C. Appearance (外观):
  • 1. Color (颜色): Red, Green, Yellow, Brown.
  • 2. Shape (形状): Round, Square, Long, Short.
  • 3. Size (大小): Small, Big, Huge, Tiny.
• D. Other Adjectives (其他形容词):
  • 1. Delicious (美味的), Tasty (好吃的).
  • 2. Healthy (健康的), Unhealthy (不健康的).
  • 3. Fresh (新鲜的), Stale (不新鲜的).
  • 4. Savory (咸香的/可口的).

V. Food Preferences (食物偏好)

• A. Likes (喜欢): I like..., I love..., I enjoy...
• B. Dislikes (不喜欢): I don't like..., I hate..., I can't stand...
• C. Questions (问题): What's your favorite food? Do you like...? Have you ever tried...?
• D. Expressing Preferences (表达偏好): I prefer... to..., I'd rather... than...
• E. Dietary Restrictions (饮食限制): Vegetarian (素食主义者), Vegan (严格素食主义者), Gluten-free (无麸质饮食), Allergies (过敏).

VI. Food and Culture (食物与文化)

• A. National Dishes (国菜): Pizza (Italy), Sushi (Japan), Tacos (Mexico), Pad Thai (Thailand).
• B. Celebrations (庆祝活动): Thanksgiving Turkey (美国感恩节火鸡), Christmas Pudding (圣诞布丁).
• C. Table Manners (餐桌礼仪): Using utensils (使用餐具), Chewing with your mouth closed (闭嘴咀嚼).
• D. Food Traditions (食物传统): Making dumplings for Chinese New Year (中国新年包饺子).

VII. Vocabulary Expansion (词汇拓展)

• A. Utensils (餐具): Fork (叉子), Spoon (勺子), Knife (刀子), Plate (盘子), Bowl (碗), Chopsticks (筷子).
• B. Kitchen Appliances (厨房电器): Refrigerator (冰箱), Oven (烤箱), Stove (炉子), Microwave (微波炉), Blender (搅拌机).
• C. Shopping (购物): Grocery store (杂货店), Supermarket (超市), Farmers market (农贸市场), Ingredients (配料).
• D. Restaurant (餐厅): Menu (菜单), Order (点餐), Bill (账单), Tip (小费), Waiter/Waitress (服务员).

VIII. Sentence Patterns (句型)

• A. Asking for food (询问食物): "Can I have...?", "Could I please have...?"
• B. Ordering food (点餐): "I'd like...", "I'll have..."
• C. Expressing opinions (表达观点): "I think... is delicious.", "I don't like... because it's too..."
• D. Describing food (描述食物): "It's a... (adjective) food.", "It tastes like..."
• E. Giving recommendations (推荐食物): "You should try...", "I recommend..."

This mind map provides a comprehensive overview of the topic "Food" for 7th-grade English learners, covering various aspects from food groups and meals to cooking methods, describing food, food preferences, food and culture, vocabulary expansion, and sentence patterns. It helps students organize their thoughts, expand their vocabulary, and improve their communication skills related to food.