广州版三年级英语思维导图

# 《广州版三年级英语思维导图》 ## I. 核心语法知识 ### A. 名词 (Nouns) * **可数名词 (Countable Nouns):** * 单数 (Singular): a/an + 名词 (e.g., a book, an apple) * 复数 (Plural): * 规则变化: + -s (e.g., books, pens) * 不规则变化: man -> men, woman -> women, child -> children, foot -> feet, tooth -> teeth, mouse -> mice, sheep -> sheep, fish -> fish * 以 -s, -x, -ch, -sh结尾: + -es (e.g., buses, boxes, watches, dishes) * 以辅音字母 + -y结尾: 去y改i + -es (e.g., babies, families) * 以 -f 或 -fe结尾: 去f/fe改v + -es (e.g., knives, wives) * 以元音字母 + -o结尾: + -s (e.g., radios, zoos) * 以辅音字母 + -o结尾: + -es (e.g., tomatoes, potatoes) * **不可数名词 (Uncountable Nouns):** * 不能直接数数量 (e.g., water, milk, rice, bread, juice, tea) * 用量词修饰: a glass of water, a cup of tea, a bowl of rice, a piece of bread ### B. 代词 (Pronouns) * **人称代词 (Personal Pronouns):** * 主格 (Subject Pronouns): I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they * 宾格 (Object Pronouns): me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them * 物主代词 (Possessive Pronouns): * 形容词性物主代词: my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their (e.g., my book, her pen) * 名词性物主代词: mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs (e.g., This book is mine.) * **指示代词 (Demonstrative Pronouns):** this, that, these, those * **疑问代词 (Interrogative Pronouns):** who, what, which, whose ### C. 动词 (Verbs) * **系动词 (Linking Verbs):** be (am, is, are), feel, look, taste, smell, sound, become, seem * **行为动词 (Action Verbs):** play, eat, drink, run, jump, read, write, sing, dance * **助动词 (Auxiliary Verbs):** do, does, did; have, has, had; be (am, is, are, was, were) * **情态动词 (Modal Verbs):** can, should, must ### D. 形容词 (Adjectives) * 描述名词的特征 (e.g., big, small, tall, short, happy, sad) * 位置: 在名词前 (e.g., a big house) 或系动词后 (e.g., The house is big.) ### E. 副词 (Adverbs) * 修饰动词、形容词或其他副词 (e.g., quickly, slowly, very, really) * 描述时间 (e.g., now, yesterday, tomorrow) * 描述地点 (e.g., here, there) * 描述方式 (e.g., quickly, slowly, happily) ### F. 介词 (Prepositions) * 表示时间 (e.g., at, on, in) * 表示地点 (e.g., at, on, in, under, over, behind, in front of, next to) * 表示方向 (e.g., to, from, up, down) ### G. 句子结构 (Sentence Structure) * 陈述句 (Declarative Sentences): 主语 + 谓语 + (宾语/表语) (e.g., I like apples.) * 疑问句 (Interrogative Sentences): * 一般疑问句: Be动词/助动词 + 主语 + 谓语 + (宾语/表语)? (e.g., Are you happy?) * 特殊疑问句: 疑问词 + Be动词/助动词 + 主语 + 谓语 + (宾语/表语)? (e.g., What is your name?) * 祈使句 (Imperative Sentences): 动词原形 + (宾语/表语) (e.g., Open the book.) * 感叹句 (Exclamatory Sentences): What a/an + 形容词 + 名词! / How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语! (e.g., What a beautiful flower! How happy I am!) ### H. 时态 (Tenses) * 一般现在时 (Simple Present Tense): * 表示习惯性动作或普遍真理 (e.g., I eat breakfast every day. The sun rises in the east.) * 动词形式: * 主语是 I/you/we/they: 动词原形 * 主语是 he/she/it: 动词原形 + -s/-es * 现在进行时 (Present Continuous Tense): * 表示现在正在发生的动作 (e.g., I am eating breakfast now.) * 结构: am/is/are + 动词-ing ## II. 重点词汇分类 ### A. 动物 (Animals) * Domestic Animals: cat, dog, pig, cow, sheep, horse, chicken, duck, goose * Wild Animals: lion, tiger, elephant, giraffe, monkey, bear, zebra, snake, panda * Birds: bird, parrot, eagle, penguin * Insects: ant, bee, butterfly, mosquito ### B. 食物 (Food) * Fruits: apple, banana, orange, grape, strawberry, watermelon, pear, mango * Vegetables: carrot, tomato, potato, cucumber, onion, cabbage, peas, beans * Drinks: water, milk, juice, tea, coffee * Meals: breakfast, lunch, dinner * Others: bread, rice, meat, fish, eggs, cheese, cake, candy ### C. 颜色 (Colors) * red, blue, yellow, green, black, white, orange, purple, pink, brown ### D. 数字 (Numbers) * one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve * 序数词: first, second, third, fourth, fifth ### E. 日常生活 (Daily Life) * Family: father, mother, brother, sister, grandfather, grandmother * Clothes: shirt, pants, shoes, socks, dress, hat, coat * Body Parts: head, face, eye, ear, nose, mouth, arm, leg, hand, foot * School: school, classroom, teacher, student, book, pen, desk, chair, board * Weather: sunny, cloudy, rainy, windy, snowy ### F. 地点 (Places) * home, school, park, zoo, hospital, shop, post office, library, restaurant ### G. 交通工具 (Transportation) * car, bus, train, bike, plane, ship ## III. 常用句型 ### A. 问候语 (Greetings) * Hello! Hi! * Good morning! Good afternoon! Good evening! Good night! * How are you? I'm fine, thank you. And you? ### B. 介绍 (Introductions) * My name is... * This is... * Nice to meet you. ### C. 提问 (Asking Questions) * What is this? * What's your name? * How old are you? * Where are you from? * What do you like? * Can you...? * Do you like...? ### D. 请求 (Making Requests) * Please... * Can I have...? * Could you...? ### E. 表达感谢 (Expressing Gratitude) * Thank you. * You're welcome. ### F. 表达喜好 (Expressing Likes and Dislikes) * I like... * I don't like... * I love... * I hate... ### G. 表达能力 (Expressing Ability) * I can... * I can't... ## IV. 学习技巧 ### A. 多听多说 (Listen and Speak) * 听英语歌曲、看英语动画片 * 模仿英语发音 * 大胆开口说英语 ### B. 多读多写 (Read and Write) * 阅读简单的英语故事 * 练习写英语单词和句子 * 记英语日记 ### C. 游戏学习 (Learning through Games) * 玩英语单词游戏 * 玩英语角色扮演游戏 ### D. 利用资源 (Utilizing Resources) * 使用英语学习App * 参加英语学习班 * 与英语母语者交流

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