七年级思维导图大全英语

# 《七年级思维导图大全英语》

## 1. 词汇篇

### 1.1 名词 (Nouns)

*   **可数名词 (Countable Nouns):**
    *   *单数 (Singular):*
        *   *a/an + 名词 (a book, an apple)*
        *   *所有格 (Possessive):* *John's book*
        *   *冠词的用法 (Articles):* *the book*
    *   *复数 (Plural):*
        *   *-s 规则 (books, pens)*
        *   *-es 规则 (boxes, buses, watches)*
        *   *-y 变 -ies (babies, cities)*
        *   *-f/fe 变 -ves (leaves, knives)*
        *   *不规则变化 (men, women, children, feet, teeth)*
*   **不可数名词 (Uncountable Nouns):**
    *   *一般无复数形式*
    *   *表示方法:*
        *   *a piece of… (a piece of paper)*
        *   *a glass of… (a glass of water)*
        *   *a cup of… (a cup of tea)*
    *   *常见的不可数名词:*
        *   *液体 (water, milk, juice)*
        *   *气体 (air, oxygen)*
        *   *材料 (paper, wood, glass)*
        *   *食物 (rice, bread, meat)*
        *   *抽象名词 (advice, information, happiness, love, knowledge)*
*   **专有名词 (Proper Nouns):**
    *   *人名 (Tom, Mary)*
    *   *地名 (China, Beijing, the Great Wall)*
    *   *节日 (Christmas, Spring Festival)*
    *   *首字母大写*

### 1.2 动词 (Verbs)

*   **系动词 (Linking Verbs):**
    *   *be 动词 (am, is, are, was, were)*
    *   *感官动词 (look, smell, taste, sound, feel)*
    *   *状态保持 (keep, stay, remain)*
    *   *变化动词 (become, get, turn, grow)*
    *   *表现出 (seem, appear)*
*   **实义动词 (Action Verbs):**
    *   *及物动词 (Transitive Verbs):* *需要宾语 (read a book, eat an apple)*
    *   *不及物动词 (Intransitive Verbs):* *不需要宾语 (sleep, run, swim)*
*   **助动词 (Auxiliary Verbs):**
    *   *be (is, am, are, was, were):* *用于构成进行时态和被动语态*
    *   *have (has, had):* *用于构成完成时态*
    *   *do (does, did):* *用于构成疑问句和否定句*
    *   *情态动词 (can, could, may, might, must, should, will, would):* *表达可能性、能力、义务等*

### 1.3 形容词 (Adjectives)

*   **描述性形容词 (Descriptive Adjectives):** *描述事物特征 (big, small, tall, short, beautiful, ugly)*
*   **指示形容词 (Demonstrative Adjectives):** *指示特定事物 (this, that, these, those)*
*   **数量形容词 (Quantitative Adjectives):** *表示数量 (many, few, much, little, some, any)*
*   **所有格形容词 (Possessive Adjectives):** *表示所有关系 (my, your, his, her, its, our, their)*
*   **形容词的比较级和最高级 (Comparative & Superlative):**
    *   *规则变化:*
        *   *-er, -est (tall - taller - tallest)*
        *   *more + 形容词, most + 形容词 (beautiful - more beautiful - most beautiful)*
    *   *不规则变化 (good - better - best, bad - worse - worst)*
*   **形容词作定语 (Attributive):** *修饰名词 (a big book)*
*   **形容词作表语 (Predicative):** *系动词后 (The book is big.)*

### 1.4 副词 (Adverbs)

*   **时间副词 (Adverbs of Time):** *when, now, today, yesterday, tomorrow, soon, later*
*   **地点副词 (Adverbs of Place):** *where, here, there, everywhere, nowhere, inside, outside*
*   **方式副词 (Adverbs of Manner):** *how, quickly, slowly, carefully, happily, loudly*
*   **程度副词 (Adverbs of Degree):** *very, quite, too, enough, extremely, rather, almost*
*   **频率副词 (Adverbs of Frequency):** *always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, rarely, never*
*   **副词的比较级和最高级 (Comparative & Superlative):*
    *   *规则变化:*
        *   *-er, -est (early - earlier - earliest)*
        *   *more + 副词, most + 副词 (quickly - more quickly - most quickly)*
    *   *不规则变化 (well - better - best, badly - worse - worst, far - farther/further - farthest/furthest)*

## 2. 语法篇

### 2.1 基本句型 (Basic Sentence Patterns)

*   **主语 + 谓语 (S + V):** *He sleeps.*
*   **主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 (S + V + O):** *He reads a book.*
*   **主语 + 谓语 + 表语 (S + V + P):** *He is a teacher.*
*   **主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 (S + V + IO + DO):** *He gave me a book.*
*   **主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 (S + V + O + OC):** *We made him monitor.*

### 2.2 时态 (Tenses)

*   **一般现在时 (Simple Present):** *表示习惯性动作、真理 (He reads every day. The sun rises in the east.)*
*   **一般过去时 (Simple Past):** *表示过去发生的动作 (He read yesterday.)*
*   **一般将来时 (Simple Future):** *表示将来要发生的动作 (He will read tomorrow.)*
    *   *will/shall + 动词原形*
    *   *be going to + 动词原形*
*   **现在进行时 (Present Continuous):** *表示现在正在发生的动作 (He is reading now.)*

### 2.3 疑问句 (Questions)

*   **一般疑问句 (Yes/No Questions):** *助动词提前 (Is he reading? Did he read?)*
*   **特殊疑问句 (Wh- Questions):** *疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序 (What is he reading? Where did he read?)*
*   **选择疑问句 (Alternative Questions):** *用 or 连接两种选择 (Is he reading a book or a magazine?)*
*   **反意疑问句 (Tag Questions):** *陈述句 + 简短疑问句 (He is reading, isn't he?)*

### 2.4 从句 (Clauses)

*   **名词性从句 (Noun Clauses):** *在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、同位语 (That he is reading is true. I know that he is reading. The problem is that he is reading.)*
*   **形容词性从句 (Adjective Clauses/Relative Clauses):** *修饰名词 (The book that he is reading is interesting.)*
    *   *关系代词 (who, whom, which, that)*
    *   *关系副词 (when, where, why)*
*   **副词性从句 (Adverbial Clauses):** *修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子 (He is reading because he likes it.)*
    *   *时间状语从句 (when, while, as, before, after, until, since)*
    *   *地点状语从句 (where, wherever)*
    *   *原因状语从句 (because, as, since)*
    *   *条件状语从句 (if, unless)*
    *   *结果状语从句 (so…that, such…that)*
    *   *目的状语从句 (so that, in order that)*
    *   *让步状语从句 (though, although, even though)*

### 2.5 介词 (Prepositions)

*   **时间介词 (Prepositions of Time):** *at, on, in, for, since, during, from…to, until*
*   **地点介词 (Prepositions of Place):** *at, on, in, above, below, under, over, near, beside, between, behind, in front of*
*   **方向介词 (Prepositions of Direction):** *to, into, onto, out of, towards, away from, through*
*   **其他介词 (Other Prepositions):** *with, without, by, for, about, of*

## 3. 话题篇

### 3.1 个人信息 (Personal Information)

*   *姓名 (Name)*
*   *年龄 (Age)*
*   *性别 (Gender)*
*   *国籍 (Nationality)*
*   *家庭住址 (Address)*
*   *电话号码 (Phone Number)*
*   *爱好 (Hobbies)*
*   *喜欢的食物 (Favorite Food)*
*   *喜欢的颜色 (Favorite Color)*

### 3.2 家庭 (Family)

*   *家庭成员 (Family Members):* *parents, grandparents, siblings, aunts, uncles, cousins*
*   *家庭关系 (Family Relationships)*
*   *家庭活动 (Family Activities):* *family dinners, outings, holidays*
*   *家庭责任 (Family Responsibilities):* *chores, helping around the house*

### 3.3 学校生活 (School Life)

*   *科目 (Subjects):* *math, science, English, history, geography, art, music*
*   *老师 (Teachers)*
*   *同学 (Classmates)*
*   *课程表 (Timetable)*
*   *课外活动 (Extracurricular Activities):* *sports, clubs, volunteer work*
*   *考试 (Exams)*
*   *假期 (Holidays)*

### 3.4 爱好与兴趣 (Hobbies and Interests)

*   *运动 (Sports):* *basketball, soccer, swimming, running, tennis*
*   *音乐 (Music):* *playing instruments, singing, listening to music*
*   *阅读 (Reading):* *books, magazines, comics*
*   *电影与电视 (Movies and TV Shows)*
*   *电脑游戏 (Computer Games)*
*   *绘画 (Drawing)*
*   *写作 (Writing)*
*   *集邮 (Stamp Collecting)*
*   *旅游 (Traveling)*

### 3.5 节日 (Festivals)

*   *春节 (Spring Festival)*
*   *端午节 (Dragon Boat Festival)*
*   *中秋节 (Mid-Autumn Festival)*
*   *圣诞节 (Christmas)*
*   *万圣节 (Halloween)*
*   *感恩节 (Thanksgiving)*

### 3.6 饮食 (Food)

*   *主食 (Staple Food):* *rice, noodles, bread*
*   *肉类 (Meat):* *beef, pork, chicken, fish*
*   *蔬菜 (Vegetables):* *carrots, tomatoes, potatoes, onions*
*   *水果 (Fruits):* *apples, bananas, oranges, grapes*
*   *饮料 (Drinks):* *water, juice, milk, tea, coffee*
*   *快餐 (Fast Food):* *burgers, fries, pizza*

### 3.7 购物 (Shopping)

*   *商店 (Shops):* *supermarket, clothing store, bookstore, electronics store*
*   *支付方式 (Payment Methods):* *cash, credit card, debit card*
*   *打折 (Discounts)*
*   *退货 (Returns)*

### 3.8 交通 (Transportation)

*   *公共交通 (Public Transportation):* *bus, train, subway*
*   *私家车 (Private Car)*
*   *自行车 (Bicycle)*
*   *步行 (Walking)*
*   *交通规则 (Traffic Rules)*

这仅仅是一个框架，每个子主题都可以进一步细化和扩展。

《七年级思维导图大全英语》

1. 词汇篇

1.1 名词 (Nouns)

可数名词 (Countable Nouns):
- 单数 (Singular):
  - a/an + 名词 (a book, an apple)
  - 所有格 (Possessive): John's book
  - 冠词的用法 (Articles): the book
- 复数 (Plural):
  - -s 规则 (books, pens)
  - -es 规则 (boxes, buses, watches)
  - -y 变 -ies (babies, cities)
  - -f/fe 变 -ves (leaves, knives)
  - 不规则变化 (men, women, children, feet, teeth)
不可数名词 (Uncountable Nouns):
- 一般无复数形式
- 表示方法:
  - a piece of… (a piece of paper)
  - a glass of… (a glass of water)
  - a cup of… (a cup of tea)
- 常见的不可数名词:
  - 液体 (water, milk, juice)
  - 气体 (air, oxygen)
  - 材料 (paper, wood, glass)
  - 食物 (rice, bread, meat)
  - 抽象名词 (advice, information, happiness, love, knowledge)
专有名词 (Proper Nouns):
- 人名 (Tom, Mary)
- 地名 (China, Beijing, the Great Wall)
- 节日 (Christmas, Spring Festival)
- 首字母大写

1.2 动词 (Verbs)

系动词 (Linking Verbs):
- be 动词 (am, is, are, was, were)
- 感官动词 (look, smell, taste, sound, feel)
- 状态保持 (keep, stay, remain)
- 变化动词 (become, get, turn, grow)
- 表现出 (seem, appear)
实义动词 (Action Verbs):
- 及物动词 (Transitive Verbs): 需要宾语 (read a book, eat an apple)
- 不及物动词 (Intransitive Verbs): 不需要宾语 (sleep, run, swim)
助动词 (Auxiliary Verbs):
- be (is, am, are, was, were): 用于构成进行时态和被动语态
- have (has, had): 用于构成完成时态
- do (does, did): 用于构成疑问句和否定句
- 情态动词 (can, could, may, might, must, should, will, would): 表达可能性、能力、义务等

1.3 形容词 (Adjectives)

描述性形容词 (Descriptive Adjectives): 描述事物特征 (big, small, tall, short, beautiful, ugly)
指示形容词 (Demonstrative Adjectives): 指示特定事物 (this, that, these, those)
数量形容词 (Quantitative Adjectives): 表示数量 (many, few, much, little, some, any)
所有格形容词 (Possessive Adjectives): 表示所有关系 (my, your, his, her, its, our, their)
形容词的比较级和最高级 (Comparative & Superlative):
- 规则变化:
  - -er, -est (tall - taller - tallest)
  - more + 形容词, most + 形容词 (beautiful - more beautiful - most beautiful)
- 不规则变化 (good - better - best, bad - worse - worst)
形容词作定语 (Attributive): 修饰名词 (a big book)
形容词作表语 (Predicative): 系动词后 (The book is big.)

1.4 副词 (Adverbs)

时间副词 (Adverbs of Time): when, now, today, yesterday, tomorrow, soon, later
地点副词 (Adverbs of Place): where, here, there, everywhere, nowhere, inside, outside
方式副词 (Adverbs of Manner): how, quickly, slowly, carefully, happily, loudly
程度副词 (Adverbs of Degree): very, quite, too, enough, extremely, rather, almost
频率副词 (Adverbs of Frequency): always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, rarely, never
*副词的比较级和最高级 (Comparative & Superlative):
- 规则变化:
  - -er, -est (early - earlier - earliest)
  - more + 副词, most + 副词 (quickly - more quickly - most quickly)
- 不规则变化 (well - better - best, badly - worse - worst, far - farther/further - farthest/furthest)

2. 语法篇

2.1 基本句型 (Basic Sentence Patterns)

主语 + 谓语 (S + V): He sleeps.
主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 (S + V + O): He reads a book.
主语 + 谓语 + 表语 (S + V + P): He is a teacher.
主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 (S + V + IO + DO): He gave me a book.
主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 (S + V + O + OC): We made him monitor.

2.2 时态 (Tenses)

一般现在时 (Simple Present): 表示习惯性动作、真理 (He reads every day. The sun rises in the east.)
一般过去时 (Simple Past): 表示过去发生的动作 (He read yesterday.)
一般将来时 (Simple Future): 表示将来要发生的动作 (He will read tomorrow.)
- will/shall + 动词原形
- be going to + 动词原形
现在进行时 (Present Continuous): 表示现在正在发生的动作 (He is reading now.)

2.3 疑问句 (Questions)

一般疑问句 (Yes/No Questions): 助动词提前 (Is he reading? Did he read?)
特殊疑问句 (Wh- Questions): 疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序 (What is he reading? Where did he read?)
选择疑问句 (Alternative Questions): 用 or 连接两种选择 (Is he reading a book or a magazine?)
反意疑问句 (Tag Questions): 陈述句 + 简短疑问句 (He is reading, isn't he?)

2.4 从句 (Clauses)

名词性从句 (Noun Clauses): 在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、同位语 (That he is reading is true. I know that he is reading. The problem is that he is reading.)
形容词性从句 (Adjective Clauses/Relative Clauses): 修饰名词 (The book that he is reading is interesting.)
- 关系代词 (who, whom, which, that)
- 关系副词 (when, where, why)
副词性从句 (Adverbial Clauses): 修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子 (He is reading because he likes it.)
- 时间状语从句 (when, while, as, before, after, until, since)
- 地点状语从句 (where, wherever)
- 原因状语从句 (because, as, since)
- 条件状语从句 (if, unless)
- 结果状语从句 (so…that, such…that)
- 目的状语从句 (so that, in order that)
- 让步状语从句 (though, although, even though)

2.5 介词 (Prepositions)

时间介词 (Prepositions of Time): at, on, in, for, since, during, from…to, until
地点介词 (Prepositions of Place): at, on, in, above, below, under, over, near, beside, between, behind, in front of
方向介词 (Prepositions of Direction): to, into, onto, out of, towards, away from, through
其他介词 (Other Prepositions): with, without, by, for, about, of

3. 话题篇

3.1 个人信息 (Personal Information)

姓名 (Name)
年龄 (Age)
性别 (Gender)
国籍 (Nationality)
家庭住址 (Address)
电话号码 (Phone Number)
爱好 (Hobbies)
喜欢的食物 (Favorite Food)
喜欢的颜色 (Favorite Color)

3.2 家庭 (Family)

家庭成员 (Family Members): parents, grandparents, siblings, aunts, uncles, cousins
家庭关系 (Family Relationships)
家庭活动 (Family Activities): family dinners, outings, holidays
家庭责任 (Family Responsibilities): chores, helping around the house

3.3 学校生活 (School Life)

科目 (Subjects): math, science, English, history, geography, art, music
老师 (Teachers)
同学 (Classmates)
课程表 (Timetable)
课外活动 (Extracurricular Activities): sports, clubs, volunteer work
考试 (Exams)
假期 (Holidays)

3.4 爱好与兴趣 (Hobbies and Interests)

运动 (Sports): basketball, soccer, swimming, running, tennis
音乐 (Music): playing instruments, singing, listening to music
阅读 (Reading): books, magazines, comics
电影与电视 (Movies and TV Shows)
电脑游戏 (Computer Games)
绘画 (Drawing)
写作 (Writing)
集邮 (Stamp Collecting)
旅游 (Traveling)

3.5 节日 (Festivals)

春节 (Spring Festival)
端午节 (Dragon Boat Festival)
中秋节 (Mid-Autumn Festival)
圣诞节 (Christmas)
万圣节 (Halloween)
感恩节 (Thanksgiving)

3.6 饮食 (Food)

主食 (Staple Food): rice, noodles, bread
肉类 (Meat): beef, pork, chicken, fish
蔬菜 (Vegetables): carrots, tomatoes, potatoes, onions
水果 (Fruits): apples, bananas, oranges, grapes
饮料 (Drinks): water, juice, milk, tea, coffee
快餐 (Fast Food): burgers, fries, pizza

3.7 购物 (Shopping)

商店 (Shops): supermarket, clothing store, bookstore, electronics store
支付方式 (Payment Methods): cash, credit card, debit card
打折 (Discounts)
退货 (Returns)

3.8 交通 (Transportation)

公共交通 (Public Transportation): bus, train, subway
私家车 (Private Car)
自行车 (Bicycle)
步行 (Walking)
交通规则 (Traffic Rules)