《五上英语第七单元思维导图》

中心主题： How do you make a cake?

I. Vocabulary (词汇)

• A. Ingredients (原料)
  • 1. flour (面粉)
  • 2. egg (鸡蛋)
  • 3. milk (牛奶)
  • 4. sugar (糖)
  • 5. butter (黄油)
  • 6. salt (盐)
  • 7. baking powder (泡打粉)
  • 8. chocolate (巧克力)
  • 9. cream (奶油)
  • 10. fruit (水果) (e.g., strawberries, bananas, blueberries)
  • 11. nuts (坚果) (e.g., walnuts, almonds, peanuts)
• B. Utensils & Tools (工具)
  • 1. bowl (碗)
  • 2. spoon (勺子)
  • 3. knife (刀)
  • 4. oven (烤箱)
  • 5. pan (平底锅/烤盘)
  • 6. mixer (搅拌器)
  • 7. measuring cup (量杯)
  • 8. measuring spoon (量勺)
  • 9. whisk (打蛋器)
  • 10. rolling pin (擀面杖)
• C. Verbs (动词 - Cooking Actions)
  • 1. mix (混合)
  • 2. add (添加)
  • 3. stir (搅拌)
  • 4. pour (倒)
  • 5. bake (烘烤)
  • 6. cut (切)
  • 7. spread (涂抹)
  • 8. melt (融化)
  • 9. sprinkle (撒)
  • 10. decorate (装饰)
  • 11. preheat (预热)
  • 12. beat (打发)
• D. Adjectives & Adverbs (形容词 & 副词)
  • 1. delicious (美味的)
  • 2. sweet (甜的)
  • 3. quickly (快速地)
  • 4. slowly (缓慢地)
  • 5. carefully (小心地)
  • 6. first (首先)
  • 7. then (然后)
  • 8. next (接下来)
  • 9. finally (最后)
  • 10. hot (热的)
  • 11. cold (冷的)

II. Grammar (语法)

• A. Imperative Sentences (祈使句)
  • 1. Form: Base form of the verb (动词原形)
  • 2. Use: Giving instructions or commands (给出指示或命令)
  • 3. Examples:
       • "Add the flour to the bowl." (把面粉加入碗里。)
       • "Mix the ingredients carefully." (小心地混合原料。)
       • "Bake the cake for 30 minutes." (烤蛋糕30分钟。)
       • "Don't forget the sugar." (不要忘记糖。) (Negative imperative)
• B. Sequencing Words (顺序词)
  • 1. First, (首先)
  • 2. Then, (然后)
  • 3. Next, (接下来)
  • 4. After that, (在那之后)
  • 5. Finally, (最后)
  • 6. These words help to organize the steps in a recipe. (这些词语帮助组织食谱中的步骤。)
• C. "How much / How many" Questions (多少的提问)
  • 1. How much: Used for uncountable nouns (用于不可数名词，例如：面粉，糖)
       • Example: "How much flour do we need?" (我们需要多少面粉？)
  • 2. How many: Used for countable nouns (用于可数名词，例如：鸡蛋)
       • Example: "How many eggs do we need?" (我们需要多少个鸡蛋？)

III. Functions (功能)

• A. Giving Instructions (给出指示)
  • 1. Using imperative sentences to explain how to do something. (使用祈使句解释如何做某事。)
  • 2. Examples:
       • "First, preheat the oven." (首先，预热烤箱。)
       • "Then, mix the butter and sugar together." (然后，将黄油和糖混合在一起。)
       • "Next, add the eggs one by one." (接下来，一个一个地加入鸡蛋。)
       • "Finally, bake the cake for 40 minutes." (最后，烤蛋糕40分钟。)
• B. Asking for Instructions (询问指示)
  • 1. Using questions to clarify steps. (使用问题来澄清步骤。)
  • 2. Examples:
       • "What do I do first?" (我首先做什么？)
       • "How much sugar do I need?" (我需要多少糖？)
       • "How long do I bake the cake?" (我要烤多久的蛋糕？)
• C. Expressing Preferences (表达偏好)
  • 1. Using phrases like "I like...", "I prefer...", "My favorite...". (使用“我喜欢...”，“我更喜欢...”，“我最喜欢的...”等短语。)
  • 2. Examples:
       • "I like chocolate cake." (我喜欢巧克力蛋糕。)
       • "I prefer vanilla cake." (我更喜欢香草蛋糕。)
       • "My favorite cake is strawberry shortcake." (我最喜欢的蛋糕是草莓蛋糕。)

IV. Cultural Awareness (文化意识)

• A. Different types of cakes around the world (世界各地不同类型的蛋糕)
  • 1. American: Chocolate cake, cheesecake, carrot cake
  • 2. British: Victoria sponge cake, fruit cake
  • 3. French: Crêpes, macarons
  • 4. German: Black Forest cake (Schwarzwälder Kirschtorte)
  • 5. Japanese: Japanese cheesecake
• B. Baking traditions and celebrations (烘焙传统和庆祝活动)
  • 1. Birthday cakes (生日蛋糕)
  • 2. Wedding cakes (结婚蛋糕)
  • 3. Holiday baking (节日烘焙) (e.g., Christmas cookies)
• C. Importance of following recipes (遵循食谱的重要性)
  • 1. Ensuring the cake turns out well. (确保蛋糕做得好。)
  • 2. Measuring ingredients accurately. (准确测量原料。)
  • 3. Following the baking time and temperature. (遵循烘烤时间和温度。)

V. Practical Application (实际应用)

• A. Writing a simple cake recipe (编写简单的蛋糕食谱)
  • 1. Listing the ingredients. (列出原料。)
  • 2. Describing the steps in order. (按顺序描述步骤。)
  • 3. Using sequencing words. (使用顺序词。)
• B. Giving instructions to a friend on how to make a cake (给朋友提供如何做蛋糕的指导)
  • 1. Using clear and simple language. (使用清晰简洁的语言。)
  • 2. Providing specific details. (提供具体的细节。)
  • 3. Being patient and helpful. (耐心和乐于助人。)
• C. Role-playing a scenario where someone is asking for and giving instructions (角色扮演一个某人询问和提供指示的场景)
  • 1. Practicing asking "How do you...?" (练习提问“你如何...？”)
  • 2. Using imperative sentences to give instructions. (使用祈使句给出指示。)
  • 3. Giving and receiving feedback. (给出和接收反馈。)

VI. Extensions (拓展)

• A. Researching different cake recipes (研究不同的蛋糕食谱)
• B. Baking a cake at home and documenting the process (在家烘烤蛋糕并记录过程)
• C. Creating a video tutorial on how to make a simple cake (制作一个关于如何制作简单蛋糕的视频教程)
• D. Learning about the history of cakes and baking (了解蛋糕和烘焙的历史)