英语八上思维导图

Unit 1: What's the matter?

Topic: Health Problems & Giving Advice

• Central Idea: Understanding and responding to health concerns.

  • Vocabulary:

    • Symptoms:
      • headache (头痛)
      • stomachache (胃痛)
      • toothache (牙痛)
      • sore throat (喉咙痛)
      • cough (咳嗽)
      • fever (发烧)
      • cold (感冒)
      • runny nose (流鼻涕)
      • earache (耳痛)
      • backache (背痛)
      • muscle ache (肌肉酸痛)
    • Actions & Remedies:
      • take medicine (吃药)
      • go to the doctor (去看医生)
      • see a dentist (去看牙医)
      • rest (休息)
      • drink plenty of water (多喝水)
      • get some sleep (睡一会儿)
      • have a check-up (做体检)
      • stay in bed (卧床休息)
      • take a break (休息一下)
      • eat healthy food (吃健康的食物)
      • exercise (锻炼)
    • Adjectives:
      • sick (生病的)
      • healthy (健康的)
      • unhealthy (不健康的)
      • terrible (糟糕的)
      • serious (严重的)
      • worried (担心的)

  • Grammar:

    • Modal Verbs (情态动词):
      • should / shouldn't (应该/不应该)
        • Giving advice: You should see a doctor. You shouldn't eat too much junk food.
      • must / mustn't (必须/禁止)
        • Expressing necessity/obligation: You must take your medicine. You mustn't play in the street.
      • can / can't (能/不能)
        • Expressing ability/possibility: I can't go to school today.
    • Object Clauses (宾语从句):
      • Using "that" or "whether/if" to report what someone said or thought.
        • He said that he had a headache.
        • I don't know whether she's sick.

  • Functions:

    • Asking about someone's health: What's the matter? What's wrong? How do you feel?
    • Describing symptoms: I have a headache. I feel sick.
    • Giving advice: You should... You'd better...
    • Expressing sympathy: That's too bad. I'm sorry to hear that.

  • Culture Note:

    • Different cultures have different approaches to healthcare.
    • Importance of preventative care.

Unit 2: I'll help to clean up the city!

Topic: Volunteering & Community Service

• Central Idea: Understanding and participating in volunteer activities.

  • Vocabulary:

    • Volunteer Activities:
      • clean up (清理)
      • plant trees (植树)
      • help the elderly (帮助老人)
      • teach children (教孩子)
      • collect money (募捐)
      • recycle (回收)
      • organize events (组织活动)
      • raise money (筹集资金)
      • donate (捐赠)
      • deliver meals (送餐)
    • Places:
      • community (社区)
      • park (公园)
      • hospital (医院)
      • nursing home (养老院)
      • school (学校)
      • library (图书馆)
    • People:
      • volunteer (志愿者)
      • elderly (老人)
      • children (儿童)
      • homeless people (无家可归的人)

  • Grammar:

    • Future Tense (将来时):
      • will + verb: I will help clean up the park.
      • be going to + verb: I am going to plant trees tomorrow.
    • First Conditional (条件状语从句 - if):
      • If + present simple, will + verb: If it rains, we will stay inside.
    • Prepositions of time (时间介词):
      • in (in the morning, in 2024)
      • on (on Monday, on June 1st)
      • at (at night, at 8 o'clock)

  • Functions:

    • Talking about future plans: I'm going to... I will...
    • Making offers: I'll help you. Shall I...?
    • Expressing willingness: I'd love to. I'm happy to.
    • Describing volunteer activities.

  • Culture Note:

    • Importance of community involvement.
    • Benefits of volunteering (personal growth, making a difference).

Unit 3: Could you please clean your room?

Topic: Making Requests & Giving Instructions

• Central Idea: Polite requests and clear instructions.

  • Vocabulary:

    • Chores & Responsibilities:
      • clean the room (打扫房间)
      • wash the dishes (洗碗)
      • do the laundry (洗衣服)
      • make the bed (铺床)
      • take out the trash (倒垃圾)
      • feed the pet (喂宠物)
      • water the plants (浇花)
      • sweep the floor (扫地)
      • mop the floor (拖地)
      • vacuum (吸尘)
    • Household Items:
      • brush (刷子)
      • bucket (桶)
      • soap (肥皂)
      • detergent (洗涤剂)
      • vacuum cleaner (吸尘器)

  • Grammar:

    • Polite Requests:
      • Could you please...?
      • Would you mind...?
      • Can you...?
      • Please...?
    • Imperatives (祈使句):
      • Direct instructions: Clean your room! Don't be late!
    • Adverbs of manner (方式副词):
      • carefully, quickly, quietly, slowly, politely

  • Functions:

    • Making polite requests: Could you please close the window?
    • Giving instructions: First, add water. Then, mix well.
    • Responding to requests: Sure. No problem. Sorry, I can't.
    • Offering help.

  • Culture Note:

    • Importance of politeness in different cultures.
    • Division of labor in families.

Unit 4: When is your birthday?

Topic: Dates & Events

• Central Idea: Discussing dates, events, and plans.

  • Vocabulary:

    • Months: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December
    • Ordinal Numbers: first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth, twentieth, twenty-first, twenty-second, twenty-third, thirtieth, thirty-first
    • Holidays & Events: Birthday, Christmas, Thanksgiving, New Year's Day, sports day, school festival, party, concert, meeting.
    • Activities: singing, dancing, playing games, eating cake, giving gifts

  • Grammar:

    • Asking about dates: When is your birthday? What's the date today?
    • Stating dates: It's on January 1st. My birthday is in June.
    • Using "be going to" for future plans.
    • Present Continuous for planned future actions (e.g., I'm meeting my friend tomorrow.)

  • Functions:

    • Asking about dates and times.
    • Making plans and arrangements.
    • Talking about past events.
    • Expressing excitement and anticipation.

  • Culture Note:

    • Different cultures have different holidays and celebrations.
    • Importance of celebrating special occasions.