《24节气英语思维导图》
中心主题:The 24 Solar Terms (24节气)
一级分支:General Information (总览信息)
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What are they? (是什么?)
- Definition: A traditional Chinese lunisolar calendar system that divides the year into 24 periods, each lasting approximately 15 days. (定义:中国传统的阴阳合历系统,将一年分为24个周期,每个周期大约15天。)
- Purpose: Guides agricultural activities, festivals, and even daily life based on seasonal changes. (目的:根据季节变化指导农业活动、节日甚至日常生活。)
- Relation to the Sun: Determined by the sun's position on the ecliptic, measured in degrees. (与太阳的关系:由太阳在黄道上的位置决定,以度数衡量。)
- Cultural Significance: Deeply embedded in Chinese culture, reflected in poetry, art, and cuisine. (文化意义:深深植根于中国文化,体现在诗歌、艺术和美食中。)
- UNESCO Recognition: Inscribed on the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2016. (联合国教科文组织认可:2016年被列入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。)
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Categories (分类)
- 8 Major Terms: Beginning of Spring (立春), Spring Equinox (春分), Beginning of Summer (立夏), Summer Solstice (夏至), Beginning of Autumn (立秋), Autumn Equinox (秋分), Beginning of Winter (立冬), Winter Solstice (冬至). (八个重要节气:立春、春分、立夏、夏至、立秋、秋分、立冬、冬至。)
- Associated Phenomena: Each term is associated with specific weather patterns, agricultural tasks, and natural events. (相关现象:每个节气都与特定的天气模式、农业任务和自然事件相关。)
二级分支:Spring (春季)
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Beginning of Spring (立春) - Lichun (Feb 4/5)
- Meaning: Signifies the start of spring and the revival of nature. (意义:标志着春天的开始和自然的复苏。)
- Weather: Warming temperatures, occasional rain. (天气:气温升高,偶尔降雨。)
- Agricultural Tasks: Preparing fields for planting, sowing seeds. (农业任务:准备田地,播种。)
- Traditional Customs: Welcoming spring, eating spring pancakes (春饼). (传统习俗:迎接春天,吃春饼。)
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Rain Water (雨水) - Yushui (Feb 18/19)
- Meaning: Indicates increased rainfall and moisture. (意义:表明降雨量和湿度的增加。)
- Weather: More frequent rainfall, especially in southern China. (天气:更频繁的降雨,尤其是在中国南方。)
- Agricultural Tasks: Irrigating fields, controlling pests. (农业任务:灌溉田地,控制害虫。)
- Traditional Customs: Visiting relatives, giving gifts. (传统习俗:拜访亲戚,赠送礼物。)
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Awakening of Insects (惊蛰) - Jingzhe (Mar 5/6)
- Meaning: Insects emerge from hibernation. (意义:昆虫从冬眠中醒来。)
- Weather: Thunderstorms become more common. (天气:雷雨变得更加常见。)
- Agricultural Tasks: Pest control, weed removal. (农业任务:害虫防治,除草。)
- Traditional Customs: Offering sacrifices to the White Tiger (白虎), eating pears to moisturize the lungs. (传统习俗:祭拜白虎,吃梨润肺。)
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Spring Equinox (春分) - Chunfen (Mar 20/21)
- Meaning: Day and night are of equal length. (意义:昼夜时长相等。)
- Weather: Moderate temperatures, stable weather. (天气:温度适中,天气稳定。)
- Agricultural Tasks: Planting early rice, fertilizing crops. (农业任务:种植早稻,施肥。)
- Traditional Customs: Flying kites, balancing eggs. (传统习俗:放风筝,立鸡蛋。)
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Pure Brightness (清明) - Qingming (Apr 4/5)
- Meaning: Time for remembrance and honoring ancestors. (意义:缅怀和祭奠祖先的时间。)
- Weather: Sunny and clear, good for outdoor activities. (天气:晴朗,适合户外活动。)
- Agricultural Tasks: Planting trees, tending to gardens. (农业任务:植树,整理花园。)
- Traditional Customs: Tomb sweeping, eating qingtuan (青团). (传统习俗:扫墓,吃青团。)
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Grain Rain (谷雨) - Guyu (Apr 19/20)
- Meaning: Rainfall benefits the growth of crops. (意义:降雨有利于农作物的生长。)
- Weather: Increased rainfall, higher humidity. (天气:降雨量增加,湿度较高。)
- Agricultural Tasks: Planting rice seedlings, irrigating crops. (农业任务:种植水稻秧苗,灌溉农作物。)
- Traditional Customs: Drinking Guyu tea, eating toona sinensis (香椿). (传统习俗:喝谷雨茶,吃香椿。)
二级分支:Summer (夏季)
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Beginning of Summer (立夏) - Lixia (May 5/6)
- Meaning: Start of summer. (意义:夏天的开始。)
- Weather: Rising temperatures. (天气:气温升高。)
- Agricultural Tasks: Caring for summer crops. (农业任务:照顾夏季作物。)
- Traditional Customs: Weighing oneself (称重), eating eggs. (传统习俗:称重,吃鸡蛋。)
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Grain Full (小满) - Xiaoman (May 20/21)
- Meaning: Grains are beginning to plump. (意义:谷物开始饱满。)
- Weather: Warmer temperatures, increased rainfall. (天气:气温升高,降雨增多。)
- Agricultural Tasks: Weeding, pest control. (农业任务:除草,害虫防治。)
- Traditional Customs: Eating dishes made with wheat. (传统习俗:吃用小麦制作的菜肴。)
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Grain in Ear (芒种) - Mangzhong (Jun 5/6)
- Meaning: Time to plant crops with awns. (意义:种植带芒的作物的时间。)
- Weather: Hot and humid. (天气:炎热潮湿。)
- Agricultural Tasks: Harvesting wheat, planting late rice. (农业任务:收割小麦,种植晚稻。)
- Traditional Customs: Eating plums. (传统习俗:吃李子。)
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Summer Solstice (夏至) - Xiazhi (Jun 21/22)
- Meaning: Longest day of the year. (意义:一年中最长的一天。)
- Weather: Hottest period of the year. (天气:一年中最热的时期。)
- Agricultural Tasks: Summer weeding, managing irrigation. (农业任务:夏季除草,管理灌溉。)
- Traditional Customs: Eating noodles, avoiding strenuous activities. (传统习俗:吃面条,避免剧烈运动。)
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Slight Heat (小暑) - Xiaoshu (Jul 6/7)
- Meaning: Beginning of the hot season. (意义:炎热季节的开始。)
- Weather: Hot and humid, often with thunderstorms. (天气:炎热潮湿,经常有雷雨。)
- Agricultural Tasks: Protecting crops from pests and diseases. (农业任务:保护农作物免受病虫害侵扰。)
- Traditional Customs: Eating congee. (传统习俗:喝粥。)
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Great Heat (大暑) - Dashu (Jul 22/23)
- Meaning: Hottest period of the year. (意义:一年中最热的时期。)
- Weather: Extremely hot and humid. (天气:非常炎热潮湿。)
- Agricultural Tasks: Irrigating crops, preventing drought. (农业任务:灌溉农作物,防止干旱。)
- Traditional Customs: Drinking herbal tea. (传统习俗:喝凉茶。)
二级分支:Autumn (秋季)
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Beginning of Autumn (立秋) - Liqiu (Aug 7/8)
- Meaning: Start of autumn. (意义:秋天的开始。)
- Weather: Gradually cooling temperatures. (天气:气温逐渐下降。)
- Agricultural Tasks: Harvesting early autumn crops. (农业任务:收获早秋作物。)
- Traditional Customs: "Biting the Autumn" (咬秋), eating watermelon. (传统习俗:咬秋,吃西瓜。)
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Limit of Heat (处暑) - Chushu (Aug 22/23)
- Meaning: End of the hot season. (意义:炎热季节的结束。)
- Weather: Cooler temperatures, lower humidity. (天气:气温较低,湿度较低。)
- Agricultural Tasks: Preparing fields for winter crops. (农业任务:为冬季作物准备田地。)
- Traditional Customs: Visiting graves, eating duck. (传统习俗:拜访坟墓,吃鸭。)
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White Dew (白露) - Bailu (Sep 7/8)
- Meaning: Dew appears on the grass. (意义:草地上出现露珠。)
- Weather: Cooler temperatures, clear skies. (天气:气温较低,天空晴朗。)
- Agricultural Tasks: Harvesting rice and cotton. (农业任务:收割水稻和棉花。)
- Traditional Customs: Drinking Bailu wine (白露酒), eating pears. (传统习俗:喝白露酒,吃梨。)
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Autumn Equinox (秋分) - Qiufen (Sep 22/23)
- Meaning: Day and night are of equal length. (意义:昼夜时长相等。)
- Weather: Moderate temperatures, crisp air. (天气:温度适中,空气清新。)
- Agricultural Tasks: Planting winter wheat. (农业任务:种植冬小麦。)
- Traditional Customs: Eating crabs, standing eggs. (传统习俗:吃螃蟹,立鸡蛋。)
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Cold Dew (寒露) - Hanlu (Oct 8/9)
- Meaning: Dew becomes cold. (意义:露水变得寒冷。)
- Weather: Colder temperatures, frost begins to appear. (天气:气温更低,开始出现霜冻。)
- Agricultural Tasks: Harvesting late rice. (农业任务:收割晚稻。)
- Traditional Customs: Drinking chrysanthemum wine. (传统习俗:喝菊花酒。)
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Frost's Descent (霜降) - Shuangjiang (Oct 23/24)
- Meaning: First frost of the year. (意义:一年中的第一场霜冻。)
- Weather: Cold temperatures, frost common. (天气:气温寒冷,霜冻常见。)
- Agricultural Tasks: Preparing for winter. (农业任务:为冬季做准备。)
- Traditional Customs: Eating persimmons. (传统习俗:吃柿子。)
二级分支:Winter (冬季)
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Beginning of Winter (立冬) - Lidong (Nov 7/8)
- Meaning: Start of winter. (意义:冬天的开始。)
- Weather: Cold temperatures, occasional snow. (天气:气温寒冷,偶尔下雪。)
- Agricultural Tasks: Storing crops for winter. (农业任务:储存冬季作物。)
- Traditional Customs: Eating dumplings (饺子), nourishing the body. (传统习俗:吃饺子,滋补身体。)
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Light Snow (小雪) - Xiaoxue (Nov 22/23)
- Meaning: First light snowfall of the year. (意义:一年中的第一场小雪。)
- Weather: Cold temperatures, occasional snow. (天气:气温寒冷,偶尔下雪。)
- Agricultural Tasks: Protecting winter crops from the cold. (农业任务:保护冬季作物免受寒冷侵袭。)
- Traditional Customs: Eating red beans. (传统习俗:吃红豆。)
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Heavy Snow (大雪) - Daxue (Dec 6/7)
- Meaning: Significant snowfall. (意义:大雪。)
- Weather: Cold temperatures, heavy snowfall. (天气:气温寒冷,大雪。)
- Agricultural Tasks: Preparing fields for next year. (农业任务:为明年准备田地。)
- Traditional Customs: Eating lamb stew. (传统习俗:吃羊肉炖菜。)
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Winter Solstice (冬至) - Dongzhi (Dec 21/22)
- Meaning: Shortest day of the year. (意义:一年中最短的一天。)
- Weather: Coldest period of the year. (天气:一年中最冷的时期。)
- Agricultural Tasks: Resting the land. (农业任务:休养土地。)
- Traditional Customs: Eating dumplings (饺子) or tangyuan (汤圆), family gatherings. (传统习俗:吃饺子或汤圆,家庭聚会。)
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Slight Cold (小寒) - Xiaohan (Jan 5/6)
- Meaning: Beginning of the coldest period. (意义:最冷时期的开始。)
- Weather: Very cold temperatures. (天气:非常寒冷。)
- Agricultural Tasks: Preparing for spring planting. (农业任务:为春季种植做准备。)
- Traditional Customs: Drinking nourishing soups. (传统习俗:喝滋补汤。)
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Great Cold (大寒) - Dahan (Jan 20/21)
- Meaning: Coldest period of the year. (意义:一年中最冷的时期。)
- Weather: Extremely cold temperatures, often with snow and ice. (天气:极度寒冷,通常有冰雪。)
- Agricultural Tasks: Maintaining livestock. (农业任务:维护牲畜。)
- Traditional Customs: Eating glutinous rice. (传统习俗:吃糯米。)