《英语春节思维导图2024》

I. Pre-Festival Preparations (节前准备)

A. Cleaning & Decorating (清洁与装饰)

• Purpose (目的):
  • Sweeping away bad luck (扫除霉运)
  • Welcoming good fortune (迎接好运)
    • Vocabulary:
  • Dust (灰尘), sweep (扫), scrub (擦洗), mop (拖地)
  • Red lanterns (红灯笼), paper cuttings (剪纸), Spring Festival couplets (春联), character "Fu" (福字), New Year paintings (年画), window decorations (窗花)
    • Phrases:
  • "Give the house a thorough cleaning" (彻底打扫房屋)
  • "Hang up red lanterns" (挂红灯笼)
  • "Paste Spring Festival couplets" (贴春联)
  • "Decorate the house with..." (用...装饰房屋)
    • Expressions:
  • "Out with the old, in with the new" (辞旧迎新)
  • "Wishing you good fortune" (祝你大吉大利)

B. Shopping & Preparing Food (购物与准备食物)

• Shopping List (购物清单):
  • New clothes (新衣服), gifts (礼物), food ingredients (食物原料), fireworks (烟花), firecrackers (鞭炮), snacks (零食), candies (糖果), nuts (坚果), drinks (饮料)
    • Food Preparations (食物准备):
  • Dumplings (饺子), Spring rolls (春卷), Nian gao (年糕), Tangyuan (汤圆), Eight Treasure Rice Pudding (八宝饭), Meatballs (肉丸), Fish (鱼, symbol of abundance), Chicken (鸡)
    • Vocabulary:
  • Ingredient (原料), recipe (食谱), bake (烘烤), fry (油炸), steam (蒸), boil (煮)
  • Fresh produce (新鲜农产品), poultry (家禽), seafood (海鲜)
    • Phrases:
  • "Shop for New Year goods" (购买年货)
  • "Prepare a feast" (准备盛宴)
  • "Make dumplings from scratch" (从零开始做饺子)
  • "The aroma of food fills the air" (空气中弥漫着食物的香气)

C. Travel & Family Reunion (旅行与家庭团聚)

• Travel:
  • "Spring Festival travel season" (春运)
  • Train ticket (火车票), airplane ticket (机票), high-speed rail (高铁), bus (巴士)
  • Crowded (拥挤), traffic jam (交通堵塞), long journey (长途旅行)
    • Family Reunion (家庭团聚):
  • Spending time with family (与家人共度时光)
  • Respecting elders (尊敬长辈)
  • Sharing stories and memories (分享故事和回忆)
    • Vocabulary:
  • Hometown (家乡), relative (亲戚), ancestor (祖先), generation (代)
  • Embrace (拥抱), reunion dinner (团圆饭), grateful (感激)
    • Phrases:
  • "Travel back to my hometown" (回到家乡)
  • "Reunite with family members" (与家人团聚)
  • "Cherish the moment" (珍惜当下)

II. During the Festival (节日期间)

A. New Year's Eve (除夕)

• Reunion Dinner (团圆饭):
  • A lavish feast with all family members present (丰盛的晚餐，所有家庭成员都在场)
  • Symbolic dishes (象征意义的菜肴)
  • Toasting to the New Year (新年祝酒)
    • Watching the CCTV New Year's Gala (看春晚):
  • A popular TV program with performances and entertainment (受欢迎的电视节目，有表演和娱乐)
  • Musical performances (音乐表演), comedy skits (小品), dance (舞蹈)
    • Giving Red Envelopes (发红包):
  • Red envelopes filled with money, given to children and unmarried adults (装满钱的红包，给孩子和未婚成年人)
  • Symbol of good luck and prosperity (好运和繁荣的象征)
    • Staying up Late (守岁):
  • Staying awake until midnight or later (熬夜到午夜或更晚)
  • Welcoming the New Year (迎接新年)
    • Vocabulary:
  • Gala (盛会), performance (表演), skit (小品), prosperity (繁荣)
  • Lucky money (压岁钱), longevity (长寿), abundant (丰富的)
    • Phrases:
  • "Enjoy a delicious reunion dinner" (享用美味的团圆饭)
  • "Exchange New Year's greetings" (互致新年祝福)
  • "May all your wishes come true" (祝你心想事成)

B. New Year's Day (春节)

• Visiting Relatives and Friends (拜年):
  • Visiting family members and friends to offer New Year greetings (拜访家人和朋友，送上新年祝福)
  • Bringing gifts (带礼物)
    • Exchanging Greetings (互致问候):
  • Saying "Happy New Year" (新年快乐)
  • Wishing good fortune and prosperity (祝你好运和繁荣)
    • Setting off Fireworks and Firecrackers (放烟花鞭炮):
  • A traditional way to scare away evil spirits and celebrate the New Year (一种传统的驱赶邪灵和庆祝新年方式)
  • Colorful displays (色彩缤纷的展示)
    • Temple Fairs (庙会):
  • Traditional fairs with food, games, and performances (传统的集市，有食物、游戏和表演)
  • Traditional crafts (传统工艺品)
    • Vocabulary:
  • Greetings (问候), wishes (祝福), fortune (财富), prosperity (繁荣), temple (寺庙), fair (集市)
  • Firework (烟花), firecracker (鞭炮), display (展示), craft (工艺品)
    • Phrases:
  • "Wishing you a happy and prosperous New Year" (祝你新年快乐，万事如意)
  • "Good luck and happiness in the New Year" (新年快乐，万事如意)
  • "Enjoy the festive atmosphere" (享受节日气氛)

C. Lantern Festival (元宵节)

• Eating Tangyuan (吃汤圆):
  • Sweet rice dumplings filled with sesame paste or other fillings (用芝麻酱或其他馅料制成的甜米团)
  • Symbolizes family unity and togetherness (象征家庭团结和团圆)
    • Lantern Displays (赏花灯):
  • Beautiful and elaborate lantern displays (美丽而精致的灯笼展示)
  • Various shapes and sizes (各种形状和大小)
    • Solving Lantern Riddles (猜灯谜):
  • Riddles written on lanterns (写在灯笼上的谜语)
  • A fun and challenging activity (一个有趣且具有挑战性的活动)
    • Lion and Dragon Dances (舞龙舞狮):
  • Traditional dances performed to bring good luck (为带来好运而表演的传统舞蹈)
    • Vocabulary:
  • Lantern (灯笼), riddle (谜语), unity (团结), togetherness (团圆), sesame (芝麻), paste (酱)
  • Dragon dance (舞龙), lion dance (舞狮), elaborate (精致的)
    • Phrases:
  • "Enjoy the Lantern Festival" (享受元宵节)
  • "The Lantern Festival marks the end of the Spring Festival celebrations" (元宵节标志着春节庆祝活动的结束)
  • "May your family be united and happy" (愿你家庭团结幸福)

III. Key Vocabulary & Phrases (关键词汇和短语)

A. General Vocabulary (通用词汇)

• Spring Festival (春节), Chinese New Year (中国新年)
  • Lunar Calendar (农历)
  • Holiday (节日), celebration (庆祝)
  • Tradition (传统), custom (习俗)
  • Family (家庭), relatives (亲戚), friends (朋友)
  • Joy (欢乐), happiness (幸福), prosperity (繁荣), good luck (好运)

B. Common Phrases (常用短语)

• "Happy Spring Festival" (春节快乐)
  • "Wishing you a prosperous New Year" (祝你新年发财)
  • "May all your wishes come true" (祝你心想事成)
  • "Good health and happiness" (身体健康，万事如意)
  • "Family reunion" (家庭团聚)
  • "Passing down traditions" (传承传统)

IV. Grammar Focus (语法重点)

A. Tense Usage (时态用法)

• Present simple for describing customs and traditions (一般现在时描述习俗和传统)
  • Future simple for expressing wishes and predictions (一般将来时表达祝福和预测)
  • Past simple for recounting past events (一般过去时叙述过去事件)

B. Sentence Structures (句子结构)

• Using "wish" clauses (使用 "wish" 从句)
  • "I wish you a happy Spring Festival."
    • Using conditional sentences (使用条件句)
  • "If you eat dumplings, you will have good luck."
    • Using descriptive adjectives and adverbs (使用描述性形容词和副词)
  • "The reunion dinner was incredibly delicious."

V. Cultural Significance (文化意义)

A. Importance of Family (家庭的重要性)

• Reunion dinner as a symbol of family unity (团圆饭作为家庭团结的象征)
  • Respect for elders (尊敬长辈)
  • Passing down cultural values and traditions (传承文化价值观和传统)

B. Beliefs and Superstitions (信仰和迷信)

• Belief in good luck and fortune (相信好运和财富)
  • Importance of avoiding bad luck (避免厄运的重要性)
  • Symbolism of colors, numbers, and animals (颜色、数字和动物的象征意义)

C. Evolution of Traditions (传统的演变)

• Adapting traditions to modern life (使传统适应现代生活)
  • The role of technology in celebrating the festival (科技在庆祝节日中的作用)
  • Globalization and the spread of Spring Festival celebrations worldwide (全球化和春节庆祝活动在全球的传播)