《英语思维导图图片大全》

一、英语语法基础篇

1.1 词性（Parts of Speech）

• 1.1.1 名词 (Noun)
  • 可数名词 (Countable Noun): 单数形式、复数形式、规则变化、不规则变化
    • 图片示例：苹果、书、房子
  • 不可数名词 (Uncountable Noun): 抽象名词、物质名词、集合名词
    • 图片示例：水、信息、爱
  • 专有名词 (Proper Noun): 人名、地名、组织机构名
    • 图片示例：Beijing, John, Microsoft
• 1.1.2 动词 (Verb)
  • 及物动词 (Transitive Verb): 需要宾语
    • 图片示例：eat (an apple), read (a book)
  • 不及物动词 (Intransitive Verb): 不需要宾语
    • 图片示例：sleep, run, arrive
  • 系动词 (Linking Verb): 连接主语和表语
    • 图片示例：be, become, seem
  • 助动词 (Auxiliary Verb): 帮助构成时态、语态
    • 图片示例：be, have, do
  • 情态动词 (Modal Verb): 表示可能性、必要性、能力
    • 图片示例：can, should, must
• 1.1.3 形容词 (Adjective)
  • 描述性形容词 (Descriptive Adjective): 描述性质、特征
    • 图片示例：big, beautiful, interesting
  • 限定性形容词 (Limiting Adjective): 限定名词范围
    • 指示形容词 (Demonstrative Adjective): this, that, these, those
    • 物主形容词 (Possessive Adjective): my, your, his, her, its, our, their
    • 数量形容词 (Quantitative Adjective): many, few, some, all
• 1.1.4 副词 (Adverb)
  • 时间副词 (Adverb of Time): yesterday, now, soon
  • 地点副词 (Adverb of Place): here, there, everywhere
  • 方式副词 (Adverb of Manner): quickly, slowly, carefully
  • 程度副词 (Adverb of Degree): very, quite, extremely
  • 频率副词 (Adverb of Frequency): always, often, sometimes, never
• 1.1.5 介词 (Preposition)
  • 时间介词 (Preposition of Time): at, on, in, before, after
  • 地点介词 (Preposition of Place): at, on, in, under, over, beside, behind
  • 方向介词 (Preposition of Direction): to, from, towards, into, out of
• 1.1.6 代词 (Pronoun)
  • 人称代词 (Personal Pronoun): I, you, he, she, it, we, they
  • 物主代词 (Possessive Pronoun): mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs
  • 指示代词 (Demonstrative Pronoun): this, that, these, those
  • 疑问代词 (Interrogative Pronoun): who, whom, whose, which, what
  • 关系代词 (Relative Pronoun): who, whom, whose, which, that
  • 反身代词 (Reflexive Pronoun): myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves
• 1.1.7 连词 (Conjunction)
  • 并列连词 (Coordinating Conjunction): and, but, or, so, for
  • 从属连词 (Subordinating Conjunction): because, although, if, when, while, since
• 1.1.8 感叹词 (Interjection)
  • 图片示例：Wow!, Oh!, Ah!

1.2 句子成分 (Sentence Elements)

• 1.2.1 主语 (Subject): 句子主要说明的对象
  • 图片示例：The boy is reading a book.
• 1.2.2 谓语 (Predicate): 说明主语的动作或状态
  • 图片示例：The boy is reading a book.
• 1.2.3 宾语 (Object): 动作的承受者
  • 图片示例：The boy is reading a book.
• 1.2.4 表语 (Complement): 说明主语的特征、状态
  • 图片示例：He is a teacher.
• 1.2.5 定语 (Attribute): 修饰名词或代词
  • 图片示例：The red car is mine.
• 1.2.6 状语 (Adverbial): 修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子
  • 时间状语：The boy is reading a book now.
  • 地点状语：The boy is reading a book in the library.
  • 方式状语：The boy is reading a book carefully.
  • 原因状语：The boy is reading a book because he likes it.
• 1.2.7 同位语 (Appositive): 解释说明前面的名词或代词
  • 图片示例：My friend, John, is a teacher.

1.3 简单句、并列句、复合句 (Simple Sentence, Compound Sentence, Complex Sentence)

• 1.3.1 简单句 (Simple Sentence): 只有一个主谓结构
  • 图片示例：The sun is shining.
• 1.3.2 并列句 (Compound Sentence): 两个或多个简单句用并列连词连接
  • 图片示例：The sun is shining, and the birds are singing.
• 1.3.3 复合句 (Complex Sentence): 包含一个主句和一个或多个从句
  • 图片示例：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句、状语从句
  • 例：I know that he is a teacher.(宾语从句)
  • 例：The book that I read yesterday is very interesting.(定语从句)
  • 例：Because it was raining, we stayed at home.(原因状语从句)

二、英语时态与语态篇

2.1 时态 (Tenses)

• 2.1.1 一般现在时 (Simple Present): 表示经常性、习惯性动作，客观真理
  • 图片示例：I go to school every day. The sun rises in the east.
• 2.1.2 现在进行时 (Present Continuous): 表示现在正在进行的动作
  • 图片示例：I am reading a book now.
• 2.1.3 一般过去时 (Simple Past): 表示过去发生的动作或状态
  • 图片示例：I went to school yesterday.
• 2.1.4 过去进行时 (Past Continuous): 表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作
  • 图片示例：I was reading a book at 8 pm yesterday.
• 2.1.5 一般将来时 (Simple Future): 表示将来要发生的动作或状态
  • 图片示例：I will go to school tomorrow.
• 2.1.6 过去将来时 (Past Future): 从过去的角度看将来
  • 图片示例：He said he would go to school the next day.
• 2.1.7 现在完成时 (Present Perfect): 表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响
  • 图片示例：I have finished my homework.
• 2.1.8 过去完成时 (Past Perfect): 表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作
  • 图片示例：I had finished my homework before I went to bed.
• 2.1.9 将来完成时 (Future Perfect): 表示将来某个时间之前将要完成的动作
  • 图片示例：I will have finished my homework by tomorrow evening.

2.2 语态 (Voice)

• 2.2.1 主动语态 (Active Voice): 主语是动作的执行者
  • 图片示例：The boy reads the book.
• 2.2.2 被动语态 (Passive Voice): 主语是动作的承受者 (be + 过去分词)
  • 图片示例：The book is read by the boy.

三、英语常用句型篇

3.1 There be 句型

• 图片示例：There is a book on the table. There are many students in the classroom.

3.2 It 引导句型

• 3.2.1 It is + 形容词 + to do sth.
  • 图片示例：It is important to study English.
• 3.2.2 It takes + 时间 + to do sth.
  • 图片示例：It takes me two hours to do my homework.
• 3.2.3 It is said that...
  • 图片示例：It is said that he is a famous singer.

3.3 强调句型 (It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who...)

• 图片示例：It was John who broke the window.

四、英语写作技巧篇

4.1 段落结构 (Paragraph Structure)

• 主题句 (Topic Sentence): 概括段落中心思想
• 支撑句 (Supporting Sentences): 详细阐述主题句
• 总结句 (Concluding Sentence): 总结段落内容

4.2 常用连接词 (Useful Transition Words)

• 表示补充：and, also, besides, furthermore, moreover, in addition
• 表示对比：but, however, although, nevertheless, on the other hand, in contrast
• 表示因果：because, since, as, therefore, thus, consequently, as a result
• 表示顺序：first, second, third, finally, then, next, after that
• 表示举例：for example, for instance, such as

4.3 议论文写作 (Argumentative Essay)

• 论点 (Thesis Statement): 明确表达观点
• 论据 (Supporting Arguments): 支持论点的理由
• 论证 (Evidence): 事实、数据、例子
• 让步 (Concession): 承认对方的合理之处
• 反驳 (Refutation): 驳斥对方的不足

（注：以上仅为文字内容，实际使用时需配以相应的思维导图图片，以增强理解和记忆效果。）

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