英语思维导图模板春节

# 《英语思维导图模板春节》

## 1. Core Idea: Chinese New Year (Spring Festival)

*   **Definition:** The most important and longest traditional festival in China. Marked by family reunions, cultural activities, and feasting.
*   **Alternative Names:** Spring Festival, Lunar New Year
*   **Symbolism:** Renewal, Reunion, Good Fortune, New Beginnings

## 2. Timing and Duration

*   **Lunar Calendar:** Based on the lunisolar Chinese calendar.
*   **Date Range:** Typically falls between January 21st and February 20th.
*   **Length:** Traditionally lasts for 15 days, starting from New Year's Eve (除夕 Chúxī) and ending with the Lantern Festival (元宵节 Yuánxiāo jié).
*   **Golden Week:** Officially, a 7-day public holiday in Mainland China.

## 3. Pre-Festival Preparations

*   **Cleaning (扫尘 sǎo chén):** Thoroughly cleaning the house to sweep away bad luck of the previous year and prepare for incoming good fortune.
    *   **Meaning:** Symbolizes removing the old and welcoming the new.
    *   **Activities:** Sweeping, dusting, washing, tidying up.
*   **Shopping (办年货 bàn nián huò):** Buying necessary supplies, food, decorations, and gifts.
    *   **Items:** New clothes, food ingredients, snacks, candies, fruits, New Year decorations.
    *   **Markets:** Bustling markets and crowded shops are common sights.
*   **Decorating (装饰 zhuāngshì):** Adorning homes with festive decorations.
    *   **Paper Cuttings (剪纸 jiǎnzhǐ):** Intricate paper designs pasted on windows and doors.
        *   **Themes:** Auspicious animals, plants, characters (e.g., 福 Fú - good fortune).
    *   **Spring Couplets (春联 chūnlián):** Red paper strips with poetic verses expressing good wishes for the new year.
        *   **Location:** Placed on either side of the door frame.
    *   **Upside-Down "福" (倒福 dào Fú):** Pasting the character "福" upside down, symbolizing that good fortune has arrived.
    *   **Lanterns (灯笼 dēnglóng):** Red lanterns hung outside homes and along streets.
*   **Travel (回家 huí jiā):** Massive migration as people travel back to their hometowns to reunite with family.
    *   **Chunyun (春运 chūnyùn):** The largest annual human migration in the world.
    *   **Transportation:** Trains, buses, planes, cars.
    *   **Challenges:** Overcrowding, delays, ticket shortages.

## 4. New Year's Eve (除夕 Chúxī)

*   **Family Reunion Dinner (年夜饭 niányèfàn):** The most important meal of the year, eaten with all family members present.
    *   **Significance:** Symbolizes unity and togetherness.
    *   **Dishes:**
        *   **Dumplings (饺子 jiǎozi):** Shaped like ancient Chinese money, symbolizing wealth.
        *   **Fish (鱼 yú):** Represents abundance and surplus (the word "鱼" sounds like "余," meaning surplus).
        *   **Spring Rolls (春卷 chūnjuǎn):** Symbolize wealth due to their resemblance to gold bars.
        *   **Noodles (面条 miàntiáo):** Represent longevity.
        *   **Tangyuan (汤圆 tāngyuán):** Sweet glutinous rice balls eaten in soup, symbolizing family unity.
*   **Watching the CCTV New Year's Gala (春晚 chūnwǎn):** A televised variety show featuring singing, dancing, comedy, and other performances.
    *   **Tradition:** A national tradition watched by millions of families.
*   **Giving Red Envelopes (红包 hóngbāo):** Giving money in red envelopes to children and unmarried adults.
    *   **Symbolism:** Good luck and blessings for the new year.
    *   **E-红包:** Increasingly popular digital red envelopes sent through mobile payment apps.
*   **Setting Off Firecrackers (放鞭炮 fàng biānpào):** A noisy tradition believed to scare away evil spirits and welcome the new year.
    *   **Regulations:** Increasingly restricted in many cities due to safety and environmental concerns.
*   **Staying Up Late (守岁 shǒusuì):** Staying awake until midnight to welcome the new year.

## 5. During the Festival

*   **Visiting Relatives and Friends (拜年 bàinián):** Paying visits to relatives and friends to offer New Year greetings.
    *   **Phrases:**
        *   **新年快乐 (xīn nián kuài lè):** Happy New Year!
        *   **恭喜发财 (gōngxǐ fācái):** Wishing you prosperity!
        *   **身体健康 (shēntǐ jiànkāng):** Wishing you good health!
        *   **万事如意 (wànshì rúyì):** Wishing you all the best!
*   **Lion Dance (舞狮 wǔshī) and Dragon Dance (舞龙 wǔlóng):** Traditional dances performed to bring good luck and fortune.
*   **Temple Fairs (庙会 miàohuì):** Outdoor fairs featuring traditional crafts, food, games, and performances.
*   **Eating Lucky Foods:** Continuing to eat traditional foods with auspicious meanings.

## 6. Lantern Festival (元宵节 Yuánxiāo jié)

*   **Date:** The 15th day of the first lunar month.
*   **Significance:** Marks the end of the Spring Festival celebrations.
*   **Activities:**
    *   **Lantern Displays (花灯 huādēng):** Elaborate and colorful lantern displays.
    *   **Eating Tangyuan (汤圆 tāngyuán):** Symbolizes family unity and completeness.
    *   **Solving Lantern Riddles (猜灯谜 cāi dēngmí):** Riddles written on lanterns, offering entertainment and intellectual stimulation.
    *   **Lion and Dragon Dances:** Continued performances.

## 7. Modern Adaptations

*   **Online Shopping for New Year Goods:** E-commerce platforms offer a wide variety of New Year products.
*   **Travel Abroad During the Holiday:** Increased international travel among Chinese people during the Golden Week.
*   **Virtual Greetings:** Sending New Year greetings through social media and messaging apps.
*   **Changing Traditions:** Some traditional customs are becoming less common, while new ones are emerging.

## 8. Vocabulary (Useful Phrases)

*   **新年 (xīn nián):** New Year
*   **春节 (chūnjié):** Spring Festival
*   **除夕 (chúxī):** New Year's Eve
*   **红包 (hóngbāo):** Red envelope
*   **饺子 (jiǎozi):** Dumplings
*   **春联 (chūnlián):** Spring couplets
*   **鞭炮 (biānpào):** Firecrackers
*   **团圆 (tuányuán):** Reunion
*   **传统 (chuántǒng):** Tradition
*   **庆祝 (qìngzhù):** Celebrate

## 9. Cultural Significance

*   **Family Values:** Emphasizes the importance of family unity and filial piety.
*   **Respect for Ancestors:** Remembering and honoring ancestors.
*   **Hopes for the Future:** Looking forward to a prosperous and successful new year.
*   **National Identity:** A key part of Chinese cultural identity.

《英语思维导图模板春节》

1. Core Idea: Chinese New Year (Spring Festival)

Definition: The most important and longest traditional festival in China. Marked by family reunions, cultural activities, and feasting.
Alternative Names: Spring Festival, Lunar New Year
Symbolism: Renewal, Reunion, Good Fortune, New Beginnings

2. Timing and Duration

Lunar Calendar: Based on the lunisolar Chinese calendar.
Date Range: Typically falls between January 21st and February 20th.
Length: Traditionally lasts for 15 days, starting from New Year's Eve (除夕 Chúxī) and ending with the Lantern Festival (元宵节 Yuánxiāo jié).
Golden Week: Officially, a 7-day public holiday in Mainland China.

3. Pre-Festival Preparations

Cleaning (扫尘 sǎo chén): Thoroughly cleaning the house to sweep away bad luck of the previous year and prepare for incoming good fortune.
- Meaning: Symbolizes removing the old and welcoming the new.
- Activities: Sweeping, dusting, washing, tidying up.
Shopping (办年货 bàn nián huò): Buying necessary supplies, food, decorations, and gifts.
- Items: New clothes, food ingredients, snacks, candies, fruits, New Year decorations.
- Markets: Bustling markets and crowded shops are common sights.
Decorating (装饰 zhuāngshì): Adorning homes with festive decorations.
- Paper Cuttings (剪纸 jiǎnzhǐ): Intricate paper designs pasted on windows and doors.
  - Themes: Auspicious animals, plants, characters (e.g., 福 Fú - good fortune).
- Spring Couplets (春联 chūnlián): Red paper strips with poetic verses expressing good wishes for the new year.
  - Location: Placed on either side of the door frame.
- Upside-Down "福" (倒福 dào Fú): Pasting the character "福" upside down, symbolizing that good fortune has arrived.
- Lanterns (灯笼 dēnglóng): Red lanterns hung outside homes and along streets.
Travel (回家 huí jiā): Massive migration as people travel back to their hometowns to reunite with family.
- Chunyun (春运 chūnyùn): The largest annual human migration in the world.
- Transportation: Trains, buses, planes, cars.
- Challenges: Overcrowding, delays, ticket shortages.

4. New Year's Eve (除夕 Chúxī)

Family Reunion Dinner (年夜饭 niányèfàn): The most important meal of the year, eaten with all family members present.
- Significance: Symbolizes unity and togetherness.
- Dishes:
  - Dumplings (饺子 jiǎozi): Shaped like ancient Chinese money, symbolizing wealth.
  - Fish (鱼 yú): Represents abundance and surplus (the word "鱼" sounds like "余," meaning surplus).
  - Spring Rolls (春卷 chūnjuǎn): Symbolize wealth due to their resemblance to gold bars.
  - Noodles (面条 miàntiáo): Represent longevity.
  - Tangyuan (汤圆 tāngyuán): Sweet glutinous rice balls eaten in soup, symbolizing family unity.
Watching the CCTV New Year's Gala (春晚 chūnwǎn): A televised variety show featuring singing, dancing, comedy, and other performances.
- Tradition: A national tradition watched by millions of families.
Giving Red Envelopes (红包 hóngbāo): Giving money in red envelopes to children and unmarried adults.
- Symbolism: Good luck and blessings for the new year.
- E-红包: Increasingly popular digital red envelopes sent through mobile payment apps.
Setting Off Firecrackers (放鞭炮 fàng biānpào): A noisy tradition believed to scare away evil spirits and welcome the new year.
- Regulations: Increasingly restricted in many cities due to safety and environmental concerns.
Staying Up Late (守岁 shǒusuì): Staying awake until midnight to welcome the new year.

5. During the Festival

Visiting Relatives and Friends (拜年 bàinián): Paying visits to relatives and friends to offer New Year greetings.
- Phrases:
  - 新年快乐 (xīn nián kuài lè): Happy New Year!
  - 恭喜发财 (gōngxǐ fācái): Wishing you prosperity!
  - 身体健康 (shēntǐ jiànkāng): Wishing you good health!
  - 万事如意 (wànshì rúyì): Wishing you all the best!
Lion Dance (舞狮 wǔshī) and Dragon Dance (舞龙 wǔlóng): Traditional dances performed to bring good luck and fortune.
Temple Fairs (庙会 miàohuì): Outdoor fairs featuring traditional crafts, food, games, and performances.
Eating Lucky Foods: Continuing to eat traditional foods with auspicious meanings.

6. Lantern Festival (元宵节 Yuánxiāo jié)

Date: The 15th day of the first lunar month.
Significance: Marks the end of the Spring Festival celebrations.
Activities:
- Lantern Displays (花灯 huādēng): Elaborate and colorful lantern displays.
- Eating Tangyuan (汤圆 tāngyuán): Symbolizes family unity and completeness.
- Solving Lantern Riddles (猜灯谜 cāi dēngmí): Riddles written on lanterns, offering entertainment and intellectual stimulation.
- Lion and Dragon Dances: Continued performances.

7. Modern Adaptations

Online Shopping for New Year Goods: E-commerce platforms offer a wide variety of New Year products.
Travel Abroad During the Holiday: Increased international travel among Chinese people during the Golden Week.
Virtual Greetings: Sending New Year greetings through social media and messaging apps.
Changing Traditions: Some traditional customs are becoming less common, while new ones are emerging.

8. Vocabulary (Useful Phrases)

新年 (xīn nián): New Year
春节 (chūnjié): Spring Festival
除夕 (chúxī): New Year's Eve
红包 (hóngbāo): Red envelope
饺子 (jiǎozi): Dumplings
春联 (chūnlián): Spring couplets
鞭炮 (biānpào): Firecrackers
团圆 (tuányuán): Reunion
传统 (chuántǒng): Tradition
庆祝 (qìngzhù): Celebrate

9. Cultural Significance

Family Values: Emphasizes the importance of family unity and filial piety.
Respect for Ancestors: Remembering and honoring ancestors.
Hopes for the Future: Looking forward to a prosperous and successful new year.
National Identity: A key part of Chinese cultural identity.

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