初一上册英语九单元思维导图
《初一上册英语九单元思维导图》
中心主题：Unit 9 What does he look like?
I. Vocabulary (词汇)
A. Appearance (外貌)
- 1. General Description (总体描述):
- tall (高的)
- short (矮的)
- medium height (中等身高)
- thin (瘦的)
- heavy (重的，胖的)
- strong (强壮的)
- weak (虚弱的)
- handsome (英俊的，男士)
- beautiful (美丽的，女士)
- good-looking (好看的)
- cute (可爱的)
- ugly (丑陋的)
- 2. Hair (头发):
- hair (头发)
- long hair (长发)
- short hair (短发)
- straight hair (直发)
- curly hair (卷发)
- wavy hair (波浪发)
- blond hair (金发)
- brown hair (棕发)
- black hair (黑发)
- red hair (红发)
- gray hair (灰发)
- bald (秃顶的)
- 3. Eyes (眼睛):
- eye (眼睛)
- big eyes (大眼睛)
- small eyes (小眼睛)
- blue eyes (蓝眼睛)
- brown eyes (棕色眼睛)
- green eyes (绿色眼睛)
- black eyes (黑色眼睛)
- 4. Face (脸):
- face (脸)
- round face (圆脸)
- long face (长脸)
- square face (方脸)
- oval face (椭圆脸)
- 5. Other Features (其他特征):
- glasses (眼镜)
- beard (胡须，通常指山羊胡)
- moustache (胡子，通常指唇上胡)
- freckles (雀斑)
- scar (伤疤)
B. Personality (性格)
- 1. Positive Traits (积极的特质):
- friendly (友好的)
- kind (善良的)
- helpful (乐于助人的)
- smart (聪明的)
- clever (聪明的)
- funny (有趣的)
- outgoing (外向的)
- generous (慷慨的)
- brave (勇敢的)
- honest (诚实的)
- patient (有耐心的)
- 2. Negative Traits (消极的特质):
- shy (害羞的)
- quiet (安静的)
- serious (严肃的)
- lazy (懒惰的)
- selfish (自私的)
- unfriendly (不友好的)
- mean (吝啬的，刻薄的)
C. Verbs (动词)
- 1. To describe (描述):
- look like (看起来像)
- have (有)
- wear (穿，戴)
- 2. Other verbs (其他动词):
- play (玩)
- sing (唱歌)
- dance (跳舞)
- read (阅读)
- write (写)
- speak (说)
- listen (听)
- watch (看)
II. Grammar (语法)
A. Adjectives to Describe Appearance (用形容词描述外貌)
- 1. Placement of Adjectives (形容词的位置):
- Before the noun (在名词之前): e.g., a tall boy, long hair
- After the linking verb "be" (在系动词“be”之后): e.g., He is tall. Her hair is long.
- 2. Using "have" to describe features (用“have”描述特征):
- He has blue eyes. She has long hair.
- 3. Using "wear" to describe clothing and accessories (用“wear”描述穿着和配饰):
- He wears glasses. She wears a hat.
B. Asking About Appearance (询问外貌)
- 1. What does he/she look like? (他/她长什么样？):
- Response: He's tall and thin. She has long, blond hair.
- 2. What kind of hair does he/she have? (他/她是什么样的头发？):
- Response: He has short, black hair. She has curly, brown hair.
- 3. Does he/she wear glasses? (他/她戴眼镜吗？):
- Yes, he/she does. / No, he/she doesn't.
C. Possessive Adjectives and Pronouns (物主形容词和代词)
- 1. Possessive Adjectives (物主形容词):
- my (我的)
- your (你的)
- his (他的)
- her (她的)
- its (它的)
- our (我们的)
- your (你们的)
- their (他们的)
- Use: My book, His car, Her dress
- 2. Possessive Pronouns (物主代词):
- mine (我的)
- yours (你的)
- his (他的)
- hers (她的)
- its (它的 - rarely used as a pronoun)
- ours (我们的)
- yours (你们的)
- theirs (他们的)
- Use: This book is mine. That car is his. The dress is hers.
III. Functions (功能)
A. Describing People (描述人物)
- Using vocabulary and grammar to describe physical appearance and personality traits.
- Combining adjectives for a more detailed description. (e.g., tall and thin, kind and helpful)
- Using examples to illustrate personality. (e.g., He's helpful. He always helps me with my homework.)
B. Asking for and Giving Information (询问和提供信息)
- Formulating questions about appearance and personality.
- Providing accurate and detailed answers.
- Using clarifying questions to get more information. (e.g., What color is his hair? Is he friendly?)
C. Making Comparisons (进行比较)
- Comparing the appearance of different people. (e.g., He's taller than his brother.)
- Comparing personality traits. (e.g., She's more outgoing than her sister.)
- Using "more...than" to compare adjectives.
IV. Culture (文化)
A. Western Physical Appearance Stereotypes (西方外貌刻板印象)
- Blond hair and blue eyes are often associated with beauty in Western cultures.
- These are stereotypes and do not represent the diversity of beauty in the world.
B. Importance of Respecting Individual Differences (尊重个体差异的重要性)
- Judging people based on their appearance is unfair and disrespectful.
- Everyone is unique and beautiful in their own way.
V. Skills (技能)
A. Listening (听力)
- Listening for specific details about appearance and personality in spoken descriptions.
- Identifying the speaker's attitude towards the person being described.
B. Speaking (口语)
- Describing people accurately and confidently.
- Asking relevant questions to gather information.
- Participating in conversations about appearance and personality.
C. Reading (阅读)
- Understanding descriptions of people in written texts.
- Identifying key vocabulary and grammatical structures.
D. Writing (写作)
- Writing clear and concise descriptions of people.
- Using a variety of vocabulary and grammatical structures.
- Organizing information logically.
VI. Common Mistakes (常见错误)
- Incorrect use of "have" and "has." (Remember to use "has" with he/she/it.)
- Incorrect word order when using adjectives. (Adjectives usually come before the noun.)
- Confusion between possessive adjectives and pronouns. (Know the difference between "my" and "mine.")
- Forgetting to use articles (a/an/the) correctly.
VII. Extension Activities (拓展活动)
- 1. Describing famous people: Choose a famous person and describe their appearance and personality.
- 2. Creating a "wanted" poster: Draw a picture of an imaginary person and write a description of them.
- 3. Role-playing: Act out a conversation where you are asking someone about the appearance of a missing person.
- 4. Describing family members: Practice describing your family members to a friend.
- 5. Online research: Find pictures of people with different appearances and practice describing them in English.
