英语七年级下册思维导图

# 《英语七年级下册思维导图》

**中心主题：英语七年级下册**

## 一、 Unit 1: Could you please clean your room?

### 1.1 核心语法：情态动词（Modal Verbs）

*   **1.1.1 could/can:**
    *   *用法:* 表达请求、允许、可能性
    *   *结构:* Could/Can + subject + verb (原形)?  / Subject + could/can + verb (原形).
    *   *例句:* Could you please close the window? You can borrow my book.
*   **1.1.2 should:**
    *   *用法:* 表达建议、义务
    *   *结构:* Subject + should + verb (原形).
    *   *例句:* You should do your homework. We should respect our teachers.
*   **1.1.3 must:**
    *   *用法:* 表达必须、必要
    *   *结构:* Subject + must + verb (原形).
    *   *例句:* We must obey the traffic rules.  I must finish this task today.
*   **1.1.4 have to:**
    *   *用法:* 表达不得不，客观需要
    *   *结构:* Subject + have/has to + verb (原形).
    *   *例句:* I have to go to school early. She has to take care of her younger brother.
*   **1.1.5 表否定和过去式：**
    *   *couldn't/can't, shouldn't, mustn't, didn't have to, had to*
    *   *用法:* 表达否定建议、义务、禁止，过去式的“不得不”
    *   *例句:* You shouldn't play games all the time. We mustn't make noise in the library. I had to get up early yesterday.

### 1.2 重点词汇：

*   clean, room, put away, sweep, floor, make the bed, wash the dishes, take out the trash, do the dishes, chores, help, share, housework, often, sometimes, never, usually, always, hardly ever
*   短语：take turns, do one's best

### 1.3 语言功能：

*   表达请求和建议
*   谈论家务

## 二、 Unit 2: What’s the matter?

### 2.1 核心语法：询问和回答健康问题

*   **2.1.1 What’s the matter? / What’s wrong?**
    *   *用法:* 询问对方身体状况
    *   *回答:* I have a… / I feel… / My … hurts.
*   **2.1.2 Should I see a doctor?**
    *   *用法:* 询问是否应该看医生
    *   *回答:* Yes, you should. / No, you don’t need to.
*   **2.1.3 Giving advice:**
    *   *You should… / You shouldn’t… / You’d better…*
    *   *例句:* You should drink more water. You shouldn’t eat too much junk food. You’d better stay in bed.

### 2.2 重点词汇：

*   matter, wrong, stomachache, headache, fever, cold, cough, sore throat, toothache, hurt, see a doctor, medicine, rest, drink, water, should, better, serious, nurse, hospital
*   短语：have a cold, have a fever, take some medicine, get some rest, drink some water

### 2.3 语言功能：

*   询问和回答健康问题
*   提供建议

## 三、 Unit 3: What are you doing for vacation?

### 3.1 核心语法：现在进行时

*   **3.1.1 肯定句:** Subject + am/is/are + verb-ing
    *   *例句:* I am studying English. He is playing basketball. They are watching TV.
*   **3.1.2 否定句:** Subject + am/is/are + not + verb-ing
    *   *例句:* I am not studying English. He is not playing basketball. They are not watching TV.
*   **3.1.3 一般疑问句:** Am/Is/Are + subject + verb-ing?
    *   *回答:* Yes, I am./No, I'm not. Yes, he is./No, he isn't. Yes, they are./No, they aren't.
    *   *例句:* Are you studying English? Is he playing basketball? Are they watching TV?
*   **3.1.4 特殊疑问句:**  Wh-word + am/is/are + subject + verb-ing?
    *   *例句:* What are you doing? Where is he going? Why are they laughing?

### 3.2 重点词汇：

*   vacation, beach, mountain, park, climb, hike, visit, relative, stay, home, travel, plan, buy, souvenir, take, photos, relax, enjoy
*   短语：go to the beach, climb mountains, visit relatives, stay at home, take photos, relax and enjoy

### 3.3 语言功能：

*   谈论度假计划
*   描述正在发生的动作

## 四、 Unit 4: What’s the best movie theater?

### 4.1 核心语法：比较级和最高级

*   **4.1.1 比较级：**
    *   *规则:* 一般在形容词/副词后加-er，以e结尾加-r，重读闭音节双写最后一个辅音，变y为i加-er.
    *   *结构:* Subject + be + 形容词比较级 + than + object.
    *   *例句:* This book is more interesting than that one.  He runs faster than me.
*   **4.1.2 最高级：**
    *   *规则:* 一般在形容词/副词前加the，后加-est，以e结尾加-st，重读闭音节双写最后一个辅音，变y为i加-est.
    *   *结构:* Subject + be + the + 形容词最高级 + (in/of…).
    *   *例句:* This is the best movie I have ever seen. She is the tallest girl in our class.
*   **4.1.3 不规则变化：**
    *   *good/well - better - best*
    *   *bad - worse - worst*
    *   *far - farther/further - farthest/furthest*
    *   *many/much - more - most*
    *   *little - less - least*

### 4.2 重点词汇：

*   movie theater, movie, popcorn, drink, big, small, cheap, expensive, comfortable, noisy, quiet, popular, crowded, good, bad, far, near
*   短语：watch a movie, eat popcorn, drink soda

### 4.3 语言功能：

*   比较事物
*   表达个人喜好

## 五、 Unit 5: What does he look like?

### 5.1 核心语法：描述外貌

*   **5.1.1 General description:**
    *   *He/She is… tall/short/thin/heavy/strong.*
    *   *He/She has… long/short/curly/straight hair.*
    *   *He/She has… big/small/blue/green/brown eyes.*
*   **5.1.2 More detailed description:**
    *   *He/She is of medium height/build.*
    *   *He/She wears glasses.*
    *   *He/She has a beard/mustache.*

### 5.2 重点词汇：

*   look like, tall, short, thin, heavy, strong, hair, curly, straight, long, short, eyes, big, small, blue, green, brown, glasses, beard, mustache, medium height, medium build
*   短语：have long hair, wear glasses

### 5.3 语言功能：

*   描述人物外貌
*   询问外貌特征

## 六、 Unit 6: An invitation to a party

### 6.1 核心语法：一般将来时

*   **6.1.1 will + verb (原形):**
    *   *用法:* 表达将来发生的动作或情况，通常带有预测的意味。
    *   *结构:* Subject + will + verb (原形).
    *   *例句:* I will go to the party. He will be happy to see you.
*   **6.1.2 be going to + verb (原形):**
    *   *用法:* 表达计划或打算做的事情，也用于预测将来发生的事情，基于现在的情况。
    *   *结构:* Subject + am/is/are + going to + verb (原形).
    *   *例句:* I am going to study English tonight. It is going to rain.
*   **6.1.3 区别：**
    *   will: 临时决定，预测
    *   be going to: 事先计划，基于现状的预测

### 6.2 重点词汇：

*   invitation, party, birthday, date, time, place, celebrate, enjoy, fun, food, drink, invite, will, going to, join, happy, sorry, can't, sure, great
*   短语：have a party, celebrate a birthday, invite someone, join the party

### 6.3 语言功能：

*   发出和接受/拒绝邀请
*   谈论未来计划

## 总体复习要点：

*   **语法:** 情态动词，现在进行时，比较级和最高级，一般将来时
*   **词汇:** 各单元重点词汇及短语
*   **听力:** 掌握各单元对话场景，训练听力理解能力
*   **口语:** 积极参与课堂对话和角色扮演，提高口语表达能力
*   **阅读:** 阅读课文和补充材料，提高阅读理解能力
*   **写作:** 练习根据题目要求，运用所学语法和词汇进行写作

This mind map provides a structured overview of the key grammatical concepts, vocabulary, and communicative functions covered in the seventh-grade English textbook.  Remember to practice regularly and apply your knowledge in different contexts to achieve fluency.

《英语七年级下册思维导图》

中心主题：英语七年级下册

一、 Unit 1: Could you please clean your room?

1.1 核心语法：情态动词（Modal Verbs）

1.1.1 could/can:
- 用法: 表达请求、允许、可能性
- 结构: Could/Can + subject + verb (原形)? / Subject + could/can + verb (原形).
- 例句: Could you please close the window? You can borrow my book.
1.1.2 should:
- 用法: 表达建议、义务
- 结构: Subject + should + verb (原形).
- 例句: You should do your homework. We should respect our teachers.
1.1.3 must:
- 用法: 表达必须、必要
- 结构: Subject + must + verb (原形).
- 例句: We must obey the traffic rules. I must finish this task today.
1.1.4 have to:
- 用法: 表达不得不，客观需要
- 结构: Subject + have/has to + verb (原形).
- 例句: I have to go to school early. She has to take care of her younger brother.
1.1.5 表否定和过去式：
- couldn't/can't, shouldn't, mustn't, didn't have to, had to
- 用法: 表达否定建议、义务、禁止，过去式的“不得不”
- 例句: You shouldn't play games all the time. We mustn't make noise in the library. I had to get up early yesterday.

1.2 重点词汇：

clean, room, put away, sweep, floor, make the bed, wash the dishes, take out the trash, do the dishes, chores, help, share, housework, often, sometimes, never, usually, always, hardly ever
短语：take turns, do one's best

1.3 语言功能：

表达请求和建议
谈论家务

二、 Unit 2: What’s the matter?

2.1 核心语法：询问和回答健康问题

2.1.1 What’s the matter? / What’s wrong?
- 用法: 询问对方身体状况
- 回答: I have a… / I feel… / My … hurts.
2.1.2 Should I see a doctor?
- 用法: 询问是否应该看医生
- 回答: Yes, you should. / No, you don’t need to.
2.1.3 Giving advice:
- You should… / You shouldn’t… / You’d better…
- 例句: You should drink more water. You shouldn’t eat too much junk food. You’d better stay in bed.

2.2 重点词汇：

matter, wrong, stomachache, headache, fever, cold, cough, sore throat, toothache, hurt, see a doctor, medicine, rest, drink, water, should, better, serious, nurse, hospital
短语：have a cold, have a fever, take some medicine, get some rest, drink some water

2.3 语言功能：

询问和回答健康问题
提供建议

三、 Unit 3: What are you doing for vacation?

3.1 核心语法：现在进行时

3.1.1 肯定句: Subject + am/is/are + verb-ing
- 例句: I am studying English. He is playing basketball. They are watching TV.
3.1.2 否定句: Subject + am/is/are + not + verb-ing
- 例句: I am not studying English. He is not playing basketball. They are not watching TV.
3.1.3 一般疑问句: Am/Is/Are + subject + verb-ing?
- 回答: Yes, I am./No, I'm not. Yes, he is./No, he isn't. Yes, they are./No, they aren't.
- 例句: Are you studying English? Is he playing basketball? Are they watching TV?
3.1.4 特殊疑问句: Wh-word + am/is/are + subject + verb-ing?
- 例句: What are you doing? Where is he going? Why are they laughing?

3.2 重点词汇：

vacation, beach, mountain, park, climb, hike, visit, relative, stay, home, travel, plan, buy, souvenir, take, photos, relax, enjoy
短语：go to the beach, climb mountains, visit relatives, stay at home, take photos, relax and enjoy

3.3 语言功能：

谈论度假计划
描述正在发生的动作

四、 Unit 4: What’s the best movie theater?

4.1 核心语法：比较级和最高级

4.1.1 比较级：
- 规则: 一般在形容词/副词后加-er，以e结尾加-r，重读闭音节双写最后一个辅音，变y为i加-er.
- 结构: Subject + be + 形容词比较级 + than + object.
- 例句: This book is more interesting than that one. He runs faster than me.
4.1.2 最高级：
- 规则: 一般在形容词/副词前加the，后加-est，以e结尾加-st，重读闭音节双写最后一个辅音，变y为i加-est.
- 结构: Subject + be + the + 形容词最高级 + (in/of…).
- 例句: This is the best movie I have ever seen. She is the tallest girl in our class.
4.1.3 不规则变化：
- good/well - better - best
- bad - worse - worst
- far - farther/further - farthest/furthest
- many/much - more - most
- little - less - least

4.2 重点词汇：

movie theater, movie, popcorn, drink, big, small, cheap, expensive, comfortable, noisy, quiet, popular, crowded, good, bad, far, near
短语：watch a movie, eat popcorn, drink soda

4.3 语言功能：

比较事物
表达个人喜好

五、 Unit 5: What does he look like?

5.1 核心语法：描述外貌

5.1.1 General description:
- He/She is… tall/short/thin/heavy/strong.
- He/She has… long/short/curly/straight hair.
- He/She has… big/small/blue/green/brown eyes.
5.1.2 More detailed description:
- He/She is of medium height/build.
- He/She wears glasses.
- He/She has a beard/mustache.

5.2 重点词汇：

look like, tall, short, thin, heavy, strong, hair, curly, straight, long, short, eyes, big, small, blue, green, brown, glasses, beard, mustache, medium height, medium build
短语：have long hair, wear glasses

5.3 语言功能：

描述人物外貌
询问外貌特征

六、 Unit 6: An invitation to a party

6.1 核心语法：一般将来时

6.1.1 will + verb (原形):
- 用法: 表达将来发生的动作或情况，通常带有预测的意味。
- 结构: Subject + will + verb (原形).
- 例句: I will go to the party. He will be happy to see you.
6.1.2 be going to + verb (原形):
- 用法: 表达计划或打算做的事情，也用于预测将来发生的事情，基于现在的情况。
- 结构: Subject + am/is/are + going to + verb (原形).
- 例句: I am going to study English tonight. It is going to rain.
6.1.3 区别：
- will: 临时决定，预测
- be going to: 事先计划，基于现状的预测

6.2 重点词汇：

invitation, party, birthday, date, time, place, celebrate, enjoy, fun, food, drink, invite, will, going to, join, happy, sorry, can't, sure, great
短语：have a party, celebrate a birthday, invite someone, join the party

6.3 语言功能：

发出和接受/拒绝邀请
谈论未来计划

总体复习要点：

语法: 情态动词，现在进行时，比较级和最高级，一般将来时
词汇: 各单元重点词汇及短语
听力: 掌握各单元对话场景，训练听力理解能力
口语: 积极参与课堂对话和角色扮演，提高口语表达能力
阅读: 阅读课文和补充材料，提高阅读理解能力
写作: 练习根据题目要求，运用所学语法和词汇进行写作

This mind map provides a structured overview of the key grammatical concepts, vocabulary, and communicative functions covered in the seventh-grade English textbook. Remember to practice regularly and apply your knowledge in different contexts to achieve fluency.

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