一般将来时的思维导图

## 《一般将来时的思维导图》 ### 中心主题：一般将来时 (Future Simple) #### I. 表达方式 (Forms) * **A. will + 动词原形 (base form of verb)** * 肯定句: 主语 + will + 动词原形 * 例: I will go to the store. * 否定句: 主语 + will + not + 动词原形 (will not = won't) * 例: She won't come to the party. * 疑问句: Will + 主语 + 动词原形? * 例: Will you help me? * 肯定回答: Yes, I will. * 否定回答: No, I won't. * 简写形式: I'll, you'll, he'll, she'll, it'll, we'll, they'll * **B. be going to + 动词原形 (be going to + base form of verb)** * 肯定句: 主语 + be (am/is/are) + going to + 动词原形 * 例: I am going to study English. * 否定句: 主语 + be (am/is/are) + not + going to + 动词原形 * 例: He is not going to play football. * 疑问句: Be (Am/Is/Are) + 主语 + going to + 动词原形? * 例: Are you going to travel to Europe? * 肯定回答: Yes, I am. / Yes, he/she/it is. / Yes, we/you/they are. * 否定回答: No, I am not. / No, he/she/it is not. / No, we/you/they are not. * **C. shall + 动词原形 (shall + base form of verb) (主要用于I和We)** * 肯定句: I/We + shall + 动词原形 * 例: I shall call you later. (较为正式) * 疑问句: Shall + I/We + 动词原形? (用于提建议) * 例: Shall we dance? #### II. 用途 (Uses) * **A. 预测 (Predictions)** * 基于个人观点或感觉的预测 * 使用 will * 例: I think it will rain tomorrow. * 基于现有证据或迹象的预测 * 使用 be going to * 例: Look at those dark clouds! It is going to rain. * **B. 意愿 (Willingness)** * 表示乐于做某事，立即做出的决定 * 使用 will * 例: I will help you with your homework. (主动提供帮助) * **C. 承诺 (Promises)** * 作出保证或承诺 * 使用 will * 例: I will always love you. * **D. 计划和意图 (Plans and Intentions)** * 表示已经计划好或打算做的事情 * 使用 be going to * 例: They are going to visit their grandparents next weekend. * **E. 提议和建议 (Offers and Suggestions)** * 提供帮助或提出建议 * 使用 shall (主要用于I和We的疑问句) * 例: Shall I open the window? * **F. 预言或无法避免的未来事件 (Inevitable Future Events)** * 通常与时间和年龄有关 * 使用 will * 例: He will be twenty years old next year. #### III. 时间状语 (Time Adverbs) * tomorrow * next week/month/year * in the future * soon * later * the day after tomorrow * in a few minutes/hours/days * tonight (如果指之后的晚上) #### IV. 注意事项 (Important Considerations) * **A. 区分 will 和 be going to:** * Will 主要用于 spontanenous decisions(立即做出的决定), predictions based on opinion(基于观点的预测), promises(承诺), offers(主动提供帮助) * Be going to 主要用于 pre-arranged plans(事先安排好的计划), predictions based on evidence(基于证据的预测) * **B. 在时间和条件状语从句中，通常不用 will 或 be going to，而是用一般现在时代替一般将来时。** * 时间状语从句: after, as soon as, before, when, while, until, till * 例: I will call you after I arrive. (而不是 after I will arrive) * 条件状语从句: if, unless, in case * 例: If it rains, we will stay at home. (而不是 If it will rain) * **C. Shall 的用法越来越少，在口语中通常用 will 代替。** #### V. 例句练习 (Example Sentences for Practice) * I think it will be a beautiful day. * She is going to start her new job next month. * We will have a picnic on Saturday, if the weather is good. * They won't be late for the meeting. * Are you going to buy a new car? * Will you please close the door? * I shall remember this day forever. * Shall we go for a walk? #### VI. 常见错误 (Common Mistakes) * 错误使用时间状语 * 在时间和条件状语从句中使用 will * will 和 be going to 的混淆 * shall 的误用 * 忘记在否定句中使用 "not"

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