《关于天气的英语思维导图四年级》

Central Idea: Weather (天气)

Branch 1: Weather Elements (天气要素)

• Sub-branch 1.1: Temperature (温度)

  • Definition: How hot or cold the air is. (空气有多热或多冷)
  • Unit: Degrees Celsius (°C) / Degrees Fahrenheit (°F)
  • Instruments: Thermometer (温度计)
  • Adjectives: Hot (热), Cold (冷), Warm (暖和), Cool (凉爽), Freezing (冰冻), Boiling (滚烫)
  • Examples:
    • "It's a hot day. The temperature is 35°C."
    • "It's freezing outside. The temperature is below zero."
    • "The temperature is just right today. It's warm and comfortable."
  • Activities related to Temperature: Swimming (游泳 - Hot), Ice skating (滑冰 - Cold), Wearing a jacket (穿外套 - Cool), Drinking iced tea (喝冰茶 - Hot)

• Sub-branch 1.2: Precipitation (降水)

  • Definition: Any form of water falling from the sky. (从天上掉下来的任何形式的水)
  • Types: Rain (雨), Snow (雪), Sleet (雨夹雪), Hail (冰雹)
  • Instruments: Rain gauge (雨量计)
  • Adjectives: Heavy (大), Light (小), Steady (稳定), Intermittent (间歇性)
  • Examples:
    • "It's raining heavily today. Don't forget your umbrella!"
    • "The snow is falling lightly. Everything looks so beautiful."
    • "Be careful! There's hail falling."
  • Activities related to Precipitation: Playing in the rain (在雨中玩耍 - Rain), Building a snowman (堆雪人 - Snow), Staying inside and reading (待在家里看书 - Rain/Snow), Wearing rain boots (穿雨靴 - Rain)

• Sub-branch 1.3: Wind (风)

  • Definition: Moving air. (移动的空气)
  • Measurement: Wind speed (风速)
  • Instruments: Anemometer (风速计), Wind vane (风向标)
  • Adjectives: Windy (有风), Calm (平静), Breezy (微风), Strong (强劲), Gusty (阵风)
  • Examples:
    • "It's a very windy day. Hold on to your hat!"
    • "The wind is calm today. It's perfect for sailing."
    • "A strong wind blew the leaves off the trees."
  • Activities related to Wind: Flying a kite (放风筝 - Windy), Sailing (航海 - Breezy), Playing with pinwheels (玩风车 - Windy), Watching the leaves blow (看树叶飘落 - Windy)

• Sub-branch 1.4: Clouds (云)

  • Definition: Masses of water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the atmosphere. (悬浮在大气中的水滴或冰晶的集合体)
  • Types: Cumulus (积云), Stratus (层云), Cirrus (卷云), Nimbus (雨云)
  • Adjectives: Fluffy (蓬松), Dark (黑暗), Grey (灰色), White (白色), Thick (厚重)
  • Examples:
    • "Look at those fluffy white cumulus clouds!"
    • "The dark nimbus clouds mean it's going to rain."
    • "Cirrus clouds are high up in the sky."
  • Activities related to Clouds: Cloud watching (看云), Drawing clouds (画云), Learning about different cloud types (学习不同的云的类型)

Branch 2: Weather Conditions (天气状况)

• Sub-branch 2.1: Sunny (晴朗)

  • Description: Clear skies, lots of sunshine. (晴朗的天空，充足的阳光)
  • Activities: Playing outside, going to the beach, having a picnic. (在外面玩耍，去海滩，野餐)
  • Example: "It's a sunny day, perfect for playing in the park."

• Sub-branch 2.2: Rainy (下雨)

  • Description: Water falling from the sky. (水从天上掉下来)
  • Activities: Staying inside, reading a book, playing board games. (待在室内，读书，玩棋盘游戏)
  • Example: "It's a rainy day, let's stay inside and watch a movie."

• Sub-branch 2.3: Cloudy (多云)

  • Description: Sky covered with clouds. (天空被云覆盖)
  • Activities: Walking, hiking, flying a kite. (散步，远足，放风筝)
  • Example: "It's a cloudy day, but it's still nice to go for a walk."

• Sub-branch 2.4: Snowy (下雪)

  • Description: Snowflakes falling from the sky. (雪花从天上掉下来)
  • Activities: Building a snowman, having a snowball fight, going sledding. (堆雪人，打雪仗，滑雪橇)
  • Example: "It's a snowy day, let's build a snowman!"

• Sub-branch 2.5: Stormy (暴风雨)

  • Description: Heavy rain, strong winds, and sometimes thunder and lightning. (大雨，强风，有时伴有雷声和闪电)
  • Activities: Staying inside, being careful, avoiding being outside. (待在室内，小心谨慎，避免外出)
  • Example: "It's a stormy day, let's stay inside and be safe."

Branch 3: Seasons (季节)

• Sub-branch 3.1: Spring (春天)

  • Weather: Warm, rainy, flowers bloom. (温暖，多雨，鲜花盛开)
  • Activities: Planting flowers, going for walks, seeing baby animals. (种花，散步，看小动物)
  • Example: "Spring is a beautiful season. The flowers are blooming."

• Sub-branch 3.2: Summer (夏天)

  • Weather: Hot, sunny, long days. (炎热，阳光明媚，白天长)
  • Activities: Swimming, going to the beach, playing outside. (游泳，去海滩，在外面玩耍)
  • Example: "Summer is a great time to go swimming."

• Sub-branch 3.3: Autumn (秋天)

  • Weather: Cool, windy, leaves change color. (凉爽，有风，树叶变色)
  • Activities: Raking leaves, going apple picking, enjoying the fall colors. (耙树叶，摘苹果，欣赏秋色)
  • Example: "Autumn is a colorful season. The leaves are so beautiful."

• Sub-branch 3.4: Winter (冬天)

  • Weather: Cold, snowy, short days. (寒冷，下雪，白天短)
  • Activities: Building a snowman, going sledding, drinking hot chocolate. (堆雪人，滑雪橇，喝热巧克力)
  • Example: "Winter is a cold season, but it's fun to play in the snow."

Branch 4: Describing the Weather (描述天气)

• Sentence Structures:

  • "It is..." (It is sunny. It is raining. It is cold.)
  • "The weather is..." (The weather is warm. The weather is stormy.)
  • "It's a... day." (It's a sunny day. It's a windy day.)
  • "The temperature is..." (The temperature is 25 degrees Celsius.)
  • "It feels..." (It feels warm. It feels cold.)

• Example Descriptions:

  • "It is a sunny day. The sky is blue, and the sun is shining brightly. It's perfect for playing outside."
  • "It is raining heavily. The streets are wet, and I can hear the thunder in the distance. I'll stay inside and read a book."
  • "The weather is cool and breezy. The leaves are rustling in the wind. It's a nice day for a walk in the park."

Branch 5: Weather Forecast (天气预报)

• Definition: A prediction of what the weather will be like in the future. (对未来天气的预测)
• Sources: TV, Radio, Internet, Weather apps (电视，广播，互联网，天气应用程序)
• Terms: Cloudy with a chance of rain (多云，有下雨的可能), Partly sunny (部分晴朗), Sunny and warm (阳光明媚，温暖), Chance of snow (降雪的可能性)
• Example: "The weather forecast says it will be sunny tomorrow."

This mind map covers various aspects of weather suitable for a fourth-grade English learner. It uses simple language and provides examples to enhance understanding.