仲裁程序思维导图

仲裁程序

• 一、仲裁的启动 (Commencement of Arbitration)

  • 1. 仲裁协议 (Arbitration Agreement)
       • 有效性要求 (Validity Requirements)
       • 书面形式 (In Writing)
       • 独立性 (Separability)
       • 涵盖争议范围 (Scope of Disputes Covered)
  • 2. 提交仲裁申请 (Submission of Request for Arbitration)
       • 申请书内容 (Contents of Application)
       • 当事人基本情况 (Parties' Information)
       • 仲裁请求及事实理由 (Claims, Facts, and Grounds)
       • 证据清单及相关证明材料 (List of Evidence and Supporting Documents)
       • 选定仲裁员或委托仲裁机构指定 (Nomination of Arbitrator or Request for Institution Appointment)
       • 向仲裁机构提交 (Submission to Arbitration Institution)
       • 缴纳仲裁费用 (Payment of Arbitration Fees)
  • 3. 仲裁机构的受理 (Acceptance by Arbitration Institution)
       • 形式审查 (Formal Review)
       • 决定是否受理 (Decision on Acceptance)
  • 4. 仲裁申请书的送达 (Service of Request for Arbitration)
       • 向被申请人送达 (Service to Respondent)
       • 送达方式 (Methods of Service)
  • 5. 被申请人的答辩 (Respondent's Answer)
       • 提交答辩书 (Submission of Answer)
       • 提出管辖权异议 (Raising Jurisdictional Objection)
       • 提出反请求 (Raising Counterclaims)
  • 6. 反请求的处理 (Handling of Counterclaims)
       • 反请求的提交 (Submission of Counterclaims)
       • 反请求的答辩 (Answer to Counterclaims)

• 二、仲裁庭的组成 (Constitution of Arbitral Tribunal)

  • 1. 仲裁员人数 (Number of Arbitrators)
       • 一人 (Sole Arbitrator)
       • 三人 (Three Arbitrators)
  • 2. 仲裁员的选定或指定 (Selection or Appointment of Arbitrators)
       • 当事人共同选定 (Joint Selection by Parties)
       • 当事人各自选定并共同选定首席仲裁员 (Each Party Selects One, Jointly Select Presiding Arbitrator)
       • 仲裁机构指定 (Appointment by Arbitration Institution) - 如当事人未能在规定期限内选定 (If Parties Fail to Select within Time Limit)
  • 3. 仲裁员的回避 (Challenge and Recusal of Arbitrators)
       • 申请回避的事由 (Grounds for Challenge) - 与当事人或代理人有利害关系等 (Interest in Parties or Agents, etc.)
       • 提出回避申请 (Filing Challenge Application)
       • 回避申请的审查和决定 (Review and Decision on Challenge) - 由仲裁机构或仲裁庭决定 (Decided by Institution or Tribunal)
  • 4. 组成仲裁庭通知当事人 (Notifying Parties of Tribunal Constitution)

• 三、仲裁庭的管辖权 (Jurisdiction of Arbitral Tribunal)

  • 1. 管辖权异议的提出 (Raising Jurisdictional Objections)
       • 提出时间 (Time Limit for Raising Objection) - 通常在首次开庭前或答辩期内 (Usually Before First Hearing or During Answer Period)
  • 2. 管辖权异议的审查和决定 (Review and Decision on Jurisdictional Objection)
       • 由仲裁庭决定 (Decided by Arbitral Tribunal)
       • 由仲裁机构决定 (Decided by Arbitration Institution) - 视仲裁规则而定 (Depends on Arbitration Rules)
  • 3. 仲裁协议的效力认定 (Determination of Validity of Arbitration Agreement)
  • 4. 仲裁事项的可仲裁性 (Arbitrability of Subject Matter)

• 四、仲裁的审理 (Conduct of Arbitration Proceedings)

  • 1. 审理方式 (Method of Proceeding)
       • 开庭审理 (Oral Hearing) - 一般原则 (General Principle)
       • 书面审理 (Document-Only Review) - 当事人同意或仲裁庭认为无需开庭 (By Agreement of Parties or If Tribunal Deems No Hearing Necessary)
  • 2. 不公开审理原则 (Principle of Privacy)
       • 一般不对外公开 (Generally Not Open to Public)
       • 当事人另有约定除外 (Unless Otherwise Agreed by Parties)
  • 3. 证据的提交、交换和质证 (Submission, Exchange, and Cross-Examination of Evidence)
       • 当事人举证责任 (Burden of Proof on Parties)
       • 仲裁庭调查取证权 (Tribunal's Power to Investigate and Collect Evidence) - 有限 (Limited)
       • 证据保全 (Preservation of Evidence) - 可向法院申请 (Can Apply to Court)
  • 4. 开庭审理过程 (Course of Oral Hearing)
       • 庭前准备 (Pre-hearing Preparations)
       • 陈述申请/答辩意见 (Presentation of Claims/Answers)
       • 举证和质证 (Presentation and Cross-Examination of Evidence)
       • 辩论 (Argument)
       • 最后陈述 (Final Statements)
  • 5. 庭审笔录 (Hearing Minutes)
  • 6. 委托鉴定和勘验 (Commissioning Expert Opinions and Site Inspections)
  • 7. 中间裁决或部分裁决 (Interim or Partial Awards) - 关于管辖权、责任认定等 (On Jurisdiction, Liability, etc.)
  • 8. 合并审理 (Consolidation of Arbitrations)

• 五、仲裁裁决的作出 (Making of Arbitral Award)

  • 1. 仲裁庭的评议 (Deliberation by Arbitral Tribunal)
       • 多数意见原则 (Majority Rule Principle)
       • 少数意见 (Dissenting Opinion)
  • 2. 裁决书的制作 (Drafting of Award)
       • 裁决书内容 (Contents of Award)
       • 仲裁请求 (Arbitral Claims)
       • 争议事实 (Facts of Dispute)
       • 裁决理由 (Reasons for Award) - 主要证据和事实的认定、适用法律或仲裁规则的说明 (Identification of Main Evidence and Facts, Explanation of Applicable Law or Rules)
       • 裁决结果 (Decision)
       • 仲裁费用承担 (Allocation of Arbitration Costs)
       • 裁决日期和地点 (Date and Place of Award)
       • 回避仲裁员不参与评议和裁决 (Challenged Arbitrator Does Not Participate in Deliberation and Award)
  • 3. 裁决书的签署 (Signing of Award)
       • 全体或多数仲裁员签署 (Signed by All or Majority of Arbitrators)
       • 首席仲裁员签署 (Signed by Presiding Arbitrator) - 视仲裁规则 (Depends on Rules)
  • 4. 仲裁机构的核阅 (Review by Arbitration Institution) - 形式审查 (Formal Review)
  • 5. 裁决书的送达 (Service of Award)
  • 6. 仲裁的终止 (Termination of Arbitration) - 作出最终裁决后 (After Issuing Final Award)

• 六、仲裁裁决的效力 (Effect of Arbitral Award)

  • 1. 一裁终局 (One-Award Finality)
       • 裁决自作出之日起发生法律效力 (Award is Legally Effective from the Date It is Made)
  • 2. 对当事人的约束力 (Binding Nature on Parties) - 当事人应当履行裁决 (Parties Must Comply with Award)

• 七、仲裁裁决的执行、撤销与不予执行 (Enforcement, Setting Aside, and Non-Enforcement of Arbitral Award)

  • 1. 自动履行 (Voluntary Compliance) - 当事人自觉履行 (Parties Voluntarily Perform)
  • 2. 向法院申请强制执行 (Application to Court for Enforcement)
       • 国内仲裁裁决的执行 (Enforcement of Domestic Arbitral Awards) - 向被执行人住所地或财产所在地中级人民法院申请 (Apply to Intermediate People's Court at Domicile or Location of Property)
       • 涉外仲裁裁决的执行 (Enforcement of Foreign-Related Arbitral Awards) - 向有管辖权的法院申请 (Apply to Court with Jurisdiction), 参照《纽约公约》等国际条约 (Referencing New York Convention and other International Treaties)
  • 3. 申请撤销仲裁裁决 (Application for Setting Aside Arbitral Award)
       • 向仲裁机构所在地中级人民法院申请 (Apply to Intermediate People's Court at Location of Arbitration Institution)
       • 法定撤销事由 (Statutory Grounds for Setting Aside) - 主要程序性瑕疵 (Mainly Procedural Defects):
       • 无仲裁协议或仲裁协议无效 (No Arbitration Agreement or Invalid Agreement)
       • 超出仲裁协议范围或仲裁机构权限 (Exceeding Scope of Arbitration Agreement or Institution's Authority)
       • 仲裁庭组成或仲裁程序违反法定程序 (Constitution of Tribunal or Procedure Violating Legal Procedure)
       • 仲裁员有索贿受贿、徇私舞弊、枉法裁决行为 (Arbitrator Engaged in Bribery, Corruption, Malpractice, or Perversion of Justice)
       • 裁决所根据的证据系伪造 (Evidence Forming Basis of Award is Fabricated)
       • 对方当事人隐瞒了足以影响公正裁决的证据 (Opposing Party Concealed Evidence Sufficient to Affect Impartial Award)
       • 违反公共利益 (Violation of Public Interest) - 仅限涉外仲裁裁决撤销 (Only for Setting Aside Foreign-Related Awards)
  • 4. 申请不予执行仲裁裁决 (Application for Non-Enforcement of Arbitral Award)
       • 国内裁决不予执行 (Non-Enforcement of Domestic Awards) - 与撤销事由类似，增加了违反公共利益 (Similar to Grounds for Setting Aside, Plus Violation of Public Interest)
       • 涉外裁决不予执行 (Non-Enforcement of Foreign-Related Awards) - 适用《纽约公约》等规定 (Applying Provisions of New York Convention, etc.)

• 八、仲裁的费用 (Arbitration Costs)

  • 1. 仲裁机构的费用 (Arbitration Institution Fees) - 按照机构的收费标准 (Based on Institution's Fee Schedule)
  • 2. 仲裁员的报酬 (Arbitrator's Fees)
  • 3. 其他费用 (Other Costs) - 证人、鉴定、勘验、翻译等费用 (Witness, Expert, Inspection, Translation Fees, etc.)
  • 4. 律师费用 (Legal Costs) - 视仲裁规则或当事人约定，部分情况下可由败诉方承担 (Depends on Rules or Agreement, Loser Party May Bear in Some Cases)
  • 5. 费用的承担 (Allocation of Costs) - 通常由败诉方承担，也可根据具体情况分摊 (Usually Borne by Losing Party, Can Also Be Apportioned Based on Circumstances)

• 九、仲裁的基本原则 (Fundamental Principles of Arbitration)

  • 1. 自愿原则 (Principle of Voluntariness) - 基于仲裁协议 (Based on Arbitration Agreement)
  • 2. 独立原则 (Principle of Independence) - 仲裁机构和仲裁庭独立于行政机关 (Institution and Tribunal Independent from Administrative Organs)
  • 3. 公正原则 (Principle of Impartiality) - 仲裁员公正对待双方当事人 (Arbitrators Treat Both Parties Impartially)
  • 4. 便捷原则 (Principle of Convenience and Efficiency)
  • 5. 保密原则 (Principle of Confidentiality) - 通常不公开审理和公开裁决 (Usually Private Hearings and Non-Public Awards)
  • 6. 一裁终局原则 (Principle of One-Award Finality)