《四年级英语春节思维导图》

中心主题：Spring Festival (春节)

I. Time (时间)

• A. Lunar Calendar (农历)
  • Definition: A calendar system based on the cycles of the moon. (基于月亮周期的一种历法体系)
  • Related Terms:
    • Lunar New Year (农历新年)
    • First month (正月)
    • End of the year (岁末)
• B. Dates (日期)
  • Varying Dates: Usually falls between late January and mid-February. (通常在1月下旬到2月中旬)
  • Specific Date: Determined by the Lunar Calendar. (由农历决定)
  • Important Dates:
    • Chinese New Year's Eve (除夕)
    • First day of Chinese New Year (正月初一)
    • Lantern Festival (元宵节 - 15th day of the first month)

II. Traditions (传统)

• A. Customs (习俗)

  • Cleaning the house (大扫除): To sweep away bad luck and welcome good fortune. (扫除霉运，迎接好运)
  • Decorating (装饰): Hanging red lanterns, pasting Spring Festival couplets (贴春联), and paper cuttings. (挂红灯笼，贴春联，剪纸)
  • Family Reunion (家庭团聚): Families gather for dinner and spend time together. (家人团聚，共进晚餐)
  • Giving Red Envelopes (发红包): Parents and elders give red envelopes (hongbao) filled with money to children and unmarried adults. (长辈给孩子和未婚成年人发红包)
  • Setting off Firecrackers (放鞭炮): To scare away evil spirits and celebrate the New Year. (驱赶恶灵，庆祝新年)
  • Lion and Dragon Dances (舞龙舞狮): Traditional dances performed to bring good luck and fortune. (带来好运和财富的传统舞蹈)
  • Visiting Relatives (拜年): Visiting family and friends to wish them a Happy New Year. (拜访亲友，祝他们新年快乐)

• B. Food (食物)

  • Dumplings (饺子): A traditional food eaten during Chinese New Year, symbolizing wealth. (象征财富)
    • Variations: Different fillings, shapes, and cooking methods. (不同的馅料，形状和烹饪方法)
    • Meaning: Represents wealth and prosperity due to its shape resembling ancient Chinese money. (因其形状像古代中国钱币，代表财富和繁荣)
  • Spring Rolls (春卷): Symbolize wealth. (象征财富)
  • Noodles (面条): Symbolize longevity. (象征长寿)
  • Fish (鱼): Symbolizes abundance. (象征富裕)
  • Tangyuan (汤圆): Sweet rice balls eaten during the Lantern Festival, symbolizing family unity. (在元宵节吃的甜糯米团，象征家庭团圆)
  • Niangao (年糕): Sticky rice cake, symbolizing progress and improvement. (象征进步和改善)

III. Vocabulary (词汇)

• A. Greetings (祝福语)
  • Happy New Year! (新年快乐!) - Xīnnián kuàilè!
  • Wishing you good fortune! (恭喜发财!) - Gōngxǐ fācái!
  • May you be healthy and prosperous! (身体健康，万事如意!) - Shēntǐ jiànkāng, wànshì rúyì!
  • Wishing you all the best in the New Year! (新年吉祥!) - Xīnnián jíxiáng!
• B. Items (物品)
  • Lantern (灯笼) - Dēnglóng
  • Red envelope (红包) - Hóngbāo
  • Firecracker (鞭炮) - Biānpào
  • Couplet (春联) - Chūnlián
  • Paper cutting (剪纸) - Jiǎnzhǐ
  • Lion (狮子) - Shīzi
  • Dragon (龙) - Lóng
• C. Activities (活动)
  • Celebrate (庆祝) - Qìngzhù
  • Visit (拜访) - Bàifǎng
  • Decorate (装饰) - Zhuāngshì
  • Clean (打扫) - Dǎsǎo
  • Eat (吃) - Chī
  • Give (给) - Gěi
  • Watch (看) - Kàn
  • Set off (燃放) - Ránfàng

IV. Zodiac Animals (生肖)

• A. The Twelve Animals (十二生肖)

  • Rat (鼠) - Shǔ
  • Ox (牛) - Niú
  • Tiger (虎) - Hǔ
  • Rabbit (兔) - Tù
  • Dragon (龙) - Lóng
  • Snake (蛇) - Shé
  • Horse (马) - Mǎ
  • Goat (羊) - Yáng
  • Monkey (猴) - Hóu
  • Rooster (鸡) - Jī
  • Dog (狗) - Gǒu
  • Pig (猪) - Zhū

• B. Significance (意义)

  • Cycle: A 12-year cycle, with each year represented by an animal. (12年一个周期，每年由一个动物代表)
  • Personality Traits: Each animal is associated with specific personality traits. (每个动物都与特定的性格特征相关联)
  • Year of Birth: People born in a particular year are said to share characteristics with that year's animal. (在特定年份出生的人据说与该年份的动物具有相同的特征)

V. Activities for Learning (学习活动)

• A. Games (游戏)
  • Matching Game: Match vocabulary words with their definitions or pictures. (将词汇与其定义或图片匹配)
  • Charades: Act out Spring Festival-related actions or objects. (表演与春节相关的动作或物体)
  • Bingo: Create bingo cards with Spring Festival vocabulary. (制作带有春节词汇的宾果卡)
• B. Crafts (手工)
  • Making Lanterns: Create simple paper lanterns. (制作简单的纸灯笼)
  • Making Red Envelopes: Decorate red envelopes. (装饰红包)
  • Paper Cutting: Learn to cut simple paper designs. (学习剪简单的纸艺设计)
• C. Storytelling (讲故事)
  • Reading Stories: Read stories about the Spring Festival. (阅读关于春节的故事)
  • Sharing Experiences: Share personal experiences of celebrating the Spring Festival. (分享庆祝春节的个人经历)
• D. Songs and Rhymes (歌曲和韵文)
  • Learning Songs: Learn songs related to Spring Festival. (学习与春节相关的歌曲)
  • Reciting Rhymes: Recite rhymes about the animals of the Chinese Zodiac. (背诵关于十二生肖动物的韵文)

    VI. Comparing with Other Festivals(与其他节日比较)

• A. Christmas(圣诞节)
  • Similarities: Family gatherings, gift-giving, festive decorations.
  • Differences: Cultural origin, religious association (Christmas), specific traditions (tree decorating vs. Spring couplets)
• B. Thanksgiving(感恩节)
  • Similarities: Family meals, expressing gratitude.
  • Differences: Purpose (gratitude vs. New Year celebration), seasonal (Autumn vs. Winter/early Spring).

VII. Online Resources (在线资源)

• A. Websites (网站)
  • Educational Websites: Websites with information and activities about the Spring Festival. (提供关于春节信息和活动的网站)
  • Video Resources: YouTube channels with educational videos about Chinese culture and the Spring Festival. (YouTube频道，提供关于中国文化和春节的教育视频)
• B. Apps (应用程序)
  • Language Learning Apps: Apps that teach Chinese vocabulary and phrases related to the Spring Festival. (教授与春节相关的中文词汇和短语的应用程序)
  • Cultural Exploration Apps: Apps that explore Chinese culture and traditions. (探索中国文化和传统的应用程序)
• C. Interactive Activities(互动活动)
  • Online quizzes and games: Test your knowledge about Spring Festival.
  • Virtual Tours: Explore places that are decorated for Spring Festival.

This comprehensive mind map provides a detailed overview of the Spring Festival suitable for fourth-grade English learners. It covers essential aspects like timing, traditions, vocabulary, the Chinese Zodiac, learning activities, comparisons with other festivals and online resources, making the topic engaging and educational.