《三年级英语“Family Tree”为主线绘制思维导图》

中心主题：Family Tree (家庭树)

I. 基础词汇 (Basic Vocabulary)

• 分支 1: Immediate Family (直系亲属)

  • 1.1 Mother (妈妈/母亲):
    • 发音：/'mʌðər/
    • 相关短语：Mother's Day (母亲节), My mother is a teacher. (我妈妈是一位老师。)
    • 引申词汇：Mom, Mummy (口语)
  • 1.2 Father (爸爸/父亲):
    • 发音：/'fɑːðər/
    • 相关短语：Father's Day (父亲节), My father is a doctor. (我爸爸是一位医生。)
    • 引申词汇：Dad, Daddy (口语)
  • 1.3 Sister (姐妹):
    • 发音：/'sɪstər/
    • 类型：Older sister (姐姐), Younger sister (妹妹)
    • 相关句子：I have one sister. (我有一个姐妹。) She is my sister. (她是我的姐妹。)
  • 1.4 Brother (兄弟):
    • 发音：/'brʌðər/
    • 类型：Older brother (哥哥), Younger brother (弟弟)
    • 相关句子：I have two brothers. (我有两个兄弟。) He is my brother. (他是我的兄弟。)
  • 1.5 Me (我):
    • 发音：/miː/
    • 重要性：家庭树的中心，自我定位。
    • 相关句子：This is my family tree. (这是我的家庭树。)

• 分支 2: Extended Family (大家庭)

  • 2.1 Grandmother (奶奶/外婆):
    • 发音：/'ɡrænmʌðər/
    • 类型：Maternal grandmother (外婆), Paternal grandmother (奶奶)
    • 引申词汇：Grandma, Granny (口语)
    • 相关句子：My grandmother likes to cook. (我的奶奶喜欢做饭。)
  • 2.2 Grandfather (爷爷/外公):
    • 发音：/'ɡrænfɑːðər/
    • 类型：Maternal grandfather (外公), Paternal grandfather (爷爷)
    • 引申词汇：Grandpa, Granddad (口语)
    • 相关句子：My grandfather likes to read. (我的爷爷喜欢读书。)
  • 2.3 Aunt (阿姨/姑姑/舅妈/姨妈):
    • 发音：/ænt/
    • 关系：Sister of your mother or father. (你妈妈或爸爸的姐妹) Wife of your uncle. (你叔叔的妻子)
    • 相关句子：My aunt is very kind. (我的阿姨很善良。)
  • 2.4 Uncle (叔叔/伯父/舅舅/姨夫/姑父):
    • 发音：/'ʌŋkl/
    • 关系：Brother of your mother or father. (你妈妈或爸爸的兄弟) Husband of your aunt. (你阿姨的丈夫)
    • 相关句子：My uncle is a businessman. (我的叔叔是一位商人。)
  • 2.5 Cousin (堂/表兄弟姐妹):
    • 发音：/'kʌzn/
    • 关系：Child of your aunt or uncle. (你叔叔或阿姨的孩子)
    • 相关句子：I have many cousins. (我有很多堂/表兄弟姐妹。)

II. 关系表达 (Relationship Expressions)

• 分支 1: Possessive Adjectives (物主形容词)

  • 3.1 My (我的):
    • 用法：Used to show possession by the speaker. (用来表示说话者拥有的)
    • 例句：My mother, my father, my sister, my brother.
  • 3.2 Your (你的/你们的):
    • 用法：Used to show possession by the person being spoken to. (用来表示你/你们拥有的)
    • 例句：Your mother, your father, your sister, your brother.
  • 3.3 His (他的):
    • 用法：Used to show possession by a male person. (用来表示男性拥有的)
    • 例句：His mother, his father, his sister, his brother.
  • 3.4 Her (她的):
    • 用法：Used to show possession by a female person. (用来表示女性拥有的)
    • 例句：Her mother, her father, her sister, her brother.

• 分支 2: Verb 'to be' (系动词 ‘是’)

  • 4.1 Is (是):
    • 用法：Used with singular nouns and pronouns (he, she, it). (与单数名词和代词 he, she, it 连用)
    • 例句：He is my brother. She is my sister.
  • 4.2 Are (是):
    • 用法：Used with plural nouns and pronouns (we, you, they). (与复数名词和代词 we, you, they 连用)
    • 例句：They are my cousins. We are family.

• 分支 3: Possessive Pronouns ('s 所有格)

  • 5.1 表述方式：'s 用于名词后表示所有格关系。
  • 5.2 例句：
    • My mother's sister is my aunt. (我妈妈的姐妹是我的阿姨。)
    • My father's brother is my uncle. (我爸爸的兄弟是我的叔叔/伯父。)
  • 5.3 注意：针对以s结尾的复数名词，只需加 ‘ 即可，例如：my parents' room (我父母的房间)

III. 拓展应用 (Extended Applications)

• 分支 1: Describing Family Members (描述家庭成员)

  • 6.1 Age (年龄):
    • 例句：My sister is ten years old. (我妹妹十岁了。)
  • 6.2 Appearance (外貌):
    • 例句：My father is tall. (我爸爸很高。) My mother has long hair. (我妈妈有长头发。)
  • 6.3 Occupation (职业):
    • 例句：My mother is a teacher. (我妈妈是一位老师。) My father is a doctor. (我爸爸是一位医生。)
  • 6.4 Personality (性格):
    • 例句：My sister is kind. (我妹妹很善良。) My brother is funny. (我哥哥很幽默。)

• 分支 2: Creating a Family Tree Project (制作家庭树项目)

  • 7.1 Drawing a Tree (画一棵树):
    • 准备：Paper, pencils, crayons. (纸、铅笔、蜡笔。)
    • 步骤：Draw the tree trunk and branches. (画树干和树枝。)
  • 7.2 Adding Family Members (添加家庭成员):
    • 方法：Write the names of family members on the branches. (在树枝上写上家庭成员的名字。)
    • 可以贴照片：Glue pictures of family members next to their names. (把家庭成员的照片贴在名字旁边。)
  • 7.3 Presenting the Family Tree (展示家庭树):
    • 准备：Prepare a short presentation. (准备一个简短的演讲。)
    • 内容：Introduce each family member. (介绍每个家庭成员。)

• 分支 3: 文化比较 (Cultural Comparison)

  • 8.1 Family Structures (家庭结构):
    • 讨论：Different family structures around the world (例如：核心家庭、大家庭)
  • 8.2 Family Roles (家庭角色):
    • 讨论：How family roles differ in different cultures. (不同文化中家庭角色的差异)
  • 8.3 Family Traditions (家庭传统):
    • 讨论：Different family traditions and celebrations. (不同的家庭传统和庆祝活动)

IV. 语法点总结 (Grammar Summary)

• 9.1 名词单复数 (Noun Singular and Plural)：复数形式的规则和不规则变化，例如：brother/brothers, sister/sisters, aunt/aunts, uncle/uncles。
• 9.2 人称代词 (Personal Pronouns)：复习人称代词 I, you, he, she, it, we, they 及其对应的物主形容词 my, your, his, her, its, our, their.
• 9.3 一般现在时 (Simple Present Tense)：用于描述家庭成员的习惯、爱好和职业，例如：My mother is a teacher. My brother plays football.

此思维导图旨在帮助三年级学生通过“Family Tree”主题学习和掌握英语基础词汇、关系表达，并拓展应用于描述家庭成员和文化比较。通过项目制作，增强学生的学习兴趣和实践能力。