《五年级下册英语第三单元思维导图》

中心主题：Food and Drink

I. 主题词汇 (Vocabulary)

• A. Food (食物)

  • 1. Fruits (水果)
       • a. apple (苹果) - red apple, green apple, juicy apple, slice of apple
       • b. banana (香蕉) - yellow banana, ripe banana, bunch of bananas, peel a banana
       • c. orange (橙子) - orange juice, vitamin C, sweet orange, peel an orange
       • d. grape (葡萄) - green grapes, purple grapes, bunch of grapes, seedless grapes
       • e. pear (梨) - sweet pear, juicy pear, yellow pear, ripe pear
       • f. watermelon (西瓜) - big watermelon, red watermelon, seedless watermelon, slice of watermelon
  • 2. Vegetables (蔬菜)
       • a. tomato (番茄) - red tomato, cherry tomato, slice of tomato, tomato sauce
       • b. potato (土豆) - mashed potato, French fries, baked potato, potato chips
       • c. carrot (胡萝卜) - orange carrot, raw carrot, carrot juice, baby carrot
       • d. onion (洋葱) - white onion, red onion, fried onion, onion rings
       • e. cabbage (卷心菜) - green cabbage, cooked cabbage, shredded cabbage, stir-fried cabbage
       • f. pea (豌豆) - green peas, fresh peas, frozen peas, pea soup
  • 3. Meat & Poultry (肉类和家禽)
       • a. beef (牛肉) - steak, roast beef, beef burger, ground beef
       • b. pork (猪肉) - pork chop, roast pork, bacon, ham
       • c. chicken (鸡肉) - fried chicken, roast chicken, chicken soup, chicken wings
       • d. duck (鸭肉) - roast duck, Peking duck, duck soup, duck egg
  • 4. Grains (谷物)
       • a. rice (米饭) - white rice, brown rice, fried rice, rice porridge
       • b. bread (面包) - white bread, brown bread, toast, sandwich
       • c. noodles (面条) - instant noodles, fried noodles, soup noodles, rice noodles
       • d. cereal (谷物早餐) - corn flakes, oatmeal, muesli, with milk
  • 5. Dairy (奶制品)
       • a. milk (牛奶) - whole milk, skim milk, chocolate milk, glass of milk
       • b. cheese (奶酪) - cheddar cheese, Swiss cheese, mozzarella cheese, slice of cheese
       • c. yogurt (酸奶) - plain yogurt, fruit yogurt, Greek yogurt, cup of yogurt
       • d. ice cream (冰淇淋) - vanilla ice cream, chocolate ice cream, strawberry ice cream, scoop of ice cream

• B. Drink (饮料)

  • 1. Water (水) - bottled water, tap water, sparkling water, glass of water
  • 2. Juice (果汁) - orange juice, apple juice, grape juice, box of juice
  • 3. Soda (汽水) - coke, sprite, fanta, can of soda
  • 4. Tea (茶) - black tea, green tea, iced tea, cup of tea
  • 5. Coffee (咖啡) - black coffee, latte, cappuccino, cup of coffee
  • 6. Milkshake (奶昔) - chocolate milkshake, strawberry milkshake, vanilla milkshake, glass of milkshake

II. 语法 (Grammar)

• A. Countable and Uncountable Nouns (可数名词与不可数名词)

  • 1. Countable Nouns (可数名词)
       • a. Definition: Nouns that can be counted and have a singular and plural form.
       • b. Examples: apple, banana, orange, grape, pear, watermelon, tomato, potato, carrot, onion, cabbage, pea, hamburger, hot dog, pizza
       • c. Quantifiers: a/an, one, two, three, many, few, a few, several
  • 2. Uncountable Nouns (不可数名词)
       • a. Definition: Nouns that cannot be counted and generally do not have a plural form.
       • b. Examples: rice, bread, water, juice, milk, tea, coffee, meat, cheese, yogurt, ice cream, soda
       • c. Quantifiers: some, much, little, a little, a lot of, a great deal of
       • d. Measuring uncountable nouns: a glass of water, a bottle of juice, a cup of tea, a piece of bread, a bowl of rice, a slice of cheese

• B. "How much" and "How many" Questions (How much 和 How many 疑问句)

  • 1. How much (多少钱/多少 - 用于不可数名词)
       • a. Structure: How much + uncountable noun + is there? / do you want? / do we need?
       • b. Examples: How much milk is there? How much coffee do you want? How much rice do we need?
  • 2. How many (多少 - 用于可数名词)
       • a. Structure: How many + plural countable noun + are there? / do you want? / do we need?
       • b. Examples: How many apples are there? How many bananas do you want? How many carrots do we need?

• C. Using "Some" and "Any" (Some 和 Any 的使用)

  • 1. Some (一些)
       • a. Affirmative sentences (肯定句): There is some milk in the fridge. I want some apples.
       • b. Questions offering something (提供东西的疑问句): Would you like some tea?
       • c. Questions expecting a positive answer (预期肯定回答的疑问句): Do you have some oranges?
  • 2. Any (任何)
       • a. Negative sentences (否定句): There isn't any juice. I don't have any bananas.
       • b. Questions (疑问句): Is there any milk in the fridge? Do you have any apples?

III. 实用表达 (Useful Expressions)

• A. Ordering Food (点餐)
  • 1. Can I help you? (我能帮你吗？)
  • 2. What would you like? (你想要什么？)
  • 3. I'd like... (我想要...)
  • 4. I'll have... (我要...)
  • 5. How much is it? (多少钱？)
  • 6. Anything else? (还要别的吗？)
  • 7. That's all, thank you. (就这些了，谢谢。)
  • 8. Here you are. (给你。)
  • 9. Enjoy your meal. (祝你用餐愉快。)
• B. Expressing Preferences (表达喜好)
  • 1. I like... (我喜欢...)
  • 2. I love... (我热爱...)
  • 3. I don't like... (我不喜欢...)
  • 4. I hate... (我讨厌...)
  • 5. My favorite food is... (我最喜欢的食物是...)
  • 6. I prefer... (我更喜欢...)
• C. Talking about Healthy Eating (谈论健康饮食)
  • 1. It's healthy. (它很健康。)
  • 2. It's good for you. (它对你有益。)
  • 3. Eat more fruits and vegetables. (多吃水果和蔬菜。)
  • 4. Don't eat too much junk food. (不要吃太多垃圾食品。)
  • 5. Drink plenty of water. (多喝水。)
• D. Asking for and Giving Information about Food (询问和提供食物信息)
  • 1. What's in it? (里面有什么？)
  • 2. It contains...(它包含...)
  • 3. It's made of...(它由...制成)
  • 4. Is it spicy? (它辣吗？)
  • 5. It's delicious! (它真好吃！)

IV. 交际功能 (Communicative Functions)

• A. Ordering food and drinks in a restaurant.
• B. Expressing likes and dislikes about food.
• C. Asking and answering questions about food and drinks.
• D. Giving advice about healthy eating.
• E. Understanding and responding to questions about quantity of food and drinks.

V. 文化链接 (Cultural Links)

• A. Different cuisines around the world (世界各地不同的菜肴).
  • 1. Examples: Italian pasta, Chinese dumplings, Mexican tacos, Japanese sushi
• B. Eating habits in different cultures (不同文化中的饮食习惯).
• C. Food festivals and celebrations (食物节日和庆祝活动).
  • 1. Examples: Thanksgiving, Christmas, Lunar New Year (Spring Festival)

VI. 练习 (Practice)

• A. Vocabulary flashcards and games.
• B. Sentence completion exercises.
• C. Role-playing ordering food in a restaurant.
• D. Describing your favorite foods.
• E. Creating a healthy eating plan.
• F. Answering comprehension questions based on food-related texts.

This mind map provides a comprehensive overview of the key vocabulary, grammar, and communicative functions covered in the third unit of the fifth-grade English textbook. It also incorporates cultural connections and practice activities to enhance learning.