《思维导图英语1-7单元五年级》

单元一：School Days

中心主题： 回顾校园生活，学习日常用语。

一级分支：

• Vocabulary (词汇):
  • Subjects (科目): English, Maths, Science, PE, Music, Art, History, Geography, Computer Science。
    • 例句： My favourite subject is English because I like reading stories.
    • 扩展： 针对每个科目，可以扩展相关的活动（e.g., in Science, we do experiments; in Art, we draw pictures）。
  • Classroom Objects (教室物品): desk, chair, board, book, pen, pencil, ruler, eraser, sharpener, bag。
    • 例句： I need a pencil to write on the board.
    • 扩展： 学习这些物品的复数形式。
  • School Places (校园场所): classroom, library, playground, canteen, office, gym。
    • 例句： We play football in the playground.
    • 扩展： 不同场所的活动 (e.g., read books in the library, eat lunch in the canteen)。
• Grammar (语法):
  • Present Simple (一般现在时): 常规动作，习惯。
    • 结构： I/You/We/They + verb (原形); He/She/It + verb-s/es。
    • 例句： I go to school every day. He plays football after school.
    • 扩展： 频度副词 (always, usually, often, sometimes, never) 的位置。
  • Likes and Dislikes (喜好): like, love, hate, don't like, enjoy。
    • 结构： Subject + like/love/hate/don't like/enjoy + verb-ing。
    • 例句： I like playing football. She loves reading books. He hates doing homework.
    • 扩展： 询问他人喜好 (What do you like doing?)
• Functions (功能):
  • Introducing oneself (自我介绍): Name, age, grade, favourite subject。
    • 句型： My name is... I am... years old. I am in grade 5. My favourite subject is...
    • 扩展： 介绍家庭成员。
  • Asking about preferences (询问喜好): What is your favourite…? Do you like…?
    • 句型： What is your favourite colour? Do you like playing basketball?
    • 扩展： 回答询问 (Yes, I do. / No, I don't. I like...)
• Culture (文化):
  • School life in different countries (不同国家的校园生活): 简单对比上课时间，科目等。

单元二：My Family

中心主题： 学习家庭成员的称谓，描述家庭。

一级分支：

• Vocabulary (词汇):
  • Family Members (家庭成员): mother, father, brother, sister, grandfather, grandmother, aunt, uncle, cousin。
    • 例句： My mother is a teacher. My brother is older than me.
    • 扩展： "step-"前缀 (stepmother, stepfather)。
  • Adjectives to describe people (描述人的形容词): tall, short, thin, fat, young, old, happy, sad, kind。
    • 例句： My father is tall and strong. My sister is short and cute.
    • 扩展： 使用比较级和最高级描述。
  • Hobbies (爱好): reading, playing sports, watching TV, listening to music, cooking, drawing。
    • 例句： My family enjoys watching TV together.
    • 扩展： 家庭成员的不同爱好。
• Grammar (语法):
  • Possessive Adjectives (物主形容词): my, your, his, her, its, our, their。
    • 例句： This is my book. Her name is Mary.
    • 扩展： 与名词的所有格 's 进行区分。
  • "Have got" (拥有): expressing possession.
    • 结构： I/You/We/They + have got + noun; He/She/It + has got + noun。
    • 例句： I have got a big family. She has got long hair.
    • 扩展： 使用 "have" 代替 "have got"。
• Functions (功能):
  • Describing family members (描述家庭成员): Appearance, personality, hobbies.
    • 句型： My mother is tall and kind. She likes cooking.
    • 扩展： 添加更多细节，例如职业。
  • Talking about family activities (谈论家庭活动): What do you do together as a family?
    • 句型： We often watch movies together. We go hiking on weekends.
    • 扩展： 使用时间状语 (often, always, sometimes, never)。
• Culture (文化):
  • Family structures in different cultures (不同文化的家庭结构): 简单介绍中国家庭与西方家庭的差异。

单元三：My Body

中心主题： 学习身体部位的名称，描述身体状况。

一级分支：

• Vocabulary (词汇):
  • Body Parts (身体部位): head, face, eyes, nose, mouth, ears, hair, neck, shoulder, arm, hand, fingers, leg, foot, toes。
    • 例句： I have two eyes and one nose. I can use my hands to write.
    • 扩展： 学习不同部位的复数形式。
  • Illnesses (疾病): cold, fever, headache, stomachache, toothache。
    • 例句： I have a cold. I have a headache.
    • 扩展： 学习表达症状的句子 (e.g., I have a runny nose.)
• Grammar (语法):
  • "Have got" for illnesses (用"Have got"表达疾病):
    • 结构： I/You/We/They + have got + illness; He/She/It + has got + illness。
    • 例句： I have got a cold. She has got a fever.
    • 扩展： 使用 "have" 代替 "have got"。
  • "Should" for advice (用"Should"表达建议):
    • 结构： Subject + should + verb (原形)。
    • 例句： You should go to bed early. He should drink more water.
    • 扩展： 使用 "shouldn't" 表示否定建议。
• Functions (功能):
  • Describing illnesses (描述疾病): Symptoms and giving advice.
    • 句型： I have a headache. You should take some medicine.
    • 扩展： 询问对方的状况 (What's the matter?)
  • Giving health advice (给出健康建议): Eating healthy food, exercising.
    • 句型： You should eat healthy food. You should exercise regularly.
    • 扩展： 解释原因 (because it's good for your health)。
• Culture (文化):
  • Traditional remedies in different cultures (不同文化的传统疗法): 简单介绍一些中药的知识。

单元四：Animals

中心主题： 学习动物名称，描述动物特征。

一级分支：

• Vocabulary (词汇):
  • Animals (动物): cat, dog, bird, fish, lion, tiger, elephant, giraffe, monkey, snake, bear。
    • 例句： The cat is sleeping. The dog is barking.
    • 扩展： 学习动物的叫声。
  • Adjectives to describe animals (描述动物的形容词): big, small, fast, slow, strong, weak, dangerous, cute, beautiful。
    • 例句： The elephant is big and strong. The rabbit is small and cute.
    • 扩展： 使用比较级和最高级描述。
  • Habitats (栖息地): forest, jungle, desert, ocean, farm。
    • 例句： Lions live in the jungle. Fish live in the ocean.
    • 扩展： 学习不同动物的食物。
• Grammar (语法):
  • Can/Can't (能/不能): expressing ability.
    • 结构： Subject + can/can't + verb (原形)。
    • 例句： Birds can fly. Fish can swim. Snakes can't fly.
    • 扩展： 询问能力 (Can you swim?)
  • Present Continuous (现在进行时): describing actions happening now.
    • 结构： Subject + is/am/are + verb-ing。
    • 例句： The dog is running. The cat is sleeping.
    • 扩展： 与一般现在时进行区分。
• Functions (功能):
  • Describing animals (描述动物): Appearance, abilities, habitat.
    • 句型： The lion is big and strong. It can run fast. It lives in the jungle.
    • 扩展： 添加更多细节，例如食物。
  • Comparing animals (比较动物):
    • 句型： Elephants are bigger than cats. Lions are faster than turtles.
    • 扩展： 使用最高级进行比较 (The elephant is the biggest animal.)
• Culture (文化):
  • Animals in folklore and mythology (民间故事和神话中的动物): 简单介绍中国神话故事中的动物 (龙，凤凰)。

单元五：Food and Drink

中心主题： 学习食物和饮料的名称，表达喜好。

一级分支：

• Vocabulary (词汇):
  • Food (食物): rice, noodles, bread, meat, fish, vegetables, fruit, chicken, beef, pork。
    • 例句： I like eating rice and vegetables.
    • 扩展： 学习食物的分类 (e.g., grains, protein, fruits, vegetables)。
  • Drinks (饮料): water, juice, milk, tea, coffee, soda。
    • 例句： I drink water every day. I like drinking juice.
    • 扩展： 学习不同类型的果汁 (e.g., apple juice, orange juice)。
  • Adjectives to describe food (描述食物的形容词): delicious, tasty, sweet, sour, salty, spicy。
    • 例句： This cake is delicious. This soup is salty.
    • 扩展： 学习食物的口感 (e.g., crispy, soft)。
• Grammar (语法):
  • Countable and Uncountable Nouns (可数名词和不可数名词):
    • 可数名词： 可以数清的，有单复数形式 (e.g., apple, banana)。
    • 不可数名词： 不能数清的，没有复数形式 (e.g., rice, water)。
    • 扩展： 用 "How many?" 提问可数名词的数量; 用 "How much?" 提问不可数名词的数量。
  • "Some" and "Any" (一些):
    • Some： 用于肯定句。
    • Any： 用于否定句和疑问句。
    • 例句： I have some apples. I don't have any bananas. Do you have any water?
    • 扩展： 在表示请求的疑问句中，可以使用 "some"。 (e.g., Would you like some tea?)
• Functions (功能):
  • Ordering food in a restaurant (在餐厅点餐):
    • 句型： I would like... Can I have...?
    • 扩展： 学习常用的餐厅用语 (e.g., a menu, a bill)。
  • Expressing preferences for food (表达对食物的喜好):
    • 句型： I like... I don't like... My favourite food is...
    • 扩展： 询问对方的喜好 (What do you like to eat?)
• Culture (文化):
  • Food traditions in different cultures (不同文化的饮食传统): 简单介绍中国春节的饮食习惯。

单元六：Clothes

中心主题： 学习衣物名称，描述穿着。

一级分支：

• Vocabulary (词汇):
  • Clothes (衣物): shirt, trousers, skirt, dress, coat, jacket, shoes, socks, hat, gloves。
    • 例句： I am wearing a shirt and trousers. She is wearing a dress and shoes.
    • 扩展： 学习不同季节的衣物 (e.g., sweater, scarf, swimsuit)。
  • Colours (颜色): red, blue, green, yellow, black, white, pink, purple, orange。
    • 例句： My shirt is blue. Her dress is red.
    • 扩展： 学习颜色的深浅 (e.g., light blue, dark green)。
  • Materials (材质): cotton, wool, leather, silk。
    • 例句： This shirt is made of cotton. This jacket is made of leather.
    • 扩展： 描述衣物上的图案 (e.g., striped, spotted)。
• Grammar (语法):
  • Present Continuous (现在进行时) for describing clothes (用现在进行时描述穿着):
    • 结构： Subject + is/am/are + wearing + clothes。
    • 例句： I am wearing a blue shirt. She is wearing a red dress.
    • 扩展： 使用形容词修饰衣物 (e.g., I am wearing a new blue shirt.)
  • Demonstrative Pronouns (指示代词): this, that, these, those。
    • 用法： This/These 指近处; That/Those 指远处。 This/That 指单数; These/Those 指复数。
    • 例句： This is my shirt. That is her dress. These are my shoes. Those are her gloves.
    • 扩展： 用于指代人和物。
• Functions (功能):
  • Describing what people are wearing (描述人们的穿着):
    • 句型： He is wearing a blue shirt and black trousers. She is wearing a red dress and white shoes.
    • 扩展： 询问对方的穿着 (What are you wearing?)
  • Talking about clothes preferences (谈论对衣物的喜好):
    • 句型： I like wearing jeans. I don't like wearing dresses.
    • 扩展： 表达购买意愿 (I want to buy a new shirt.)
• Culture (文化):
  • Traditional costumes in different cultures (不同文化的传统服饰): 简单介绍中国旗袍。

单元七：Weather

中心主题： 学习天气描述，谈论天气状况。

一级分支：

• Vocabulary (词汇):
  • Weather (天气): sunny, cloudy, rainy, windy, snowy, hot, cold, warm, cool。
    • 例句： It is sunny today. It is cold and snowy.
    • 扩展： 学习与天气相关的自然现象 (e.g., thunder, lightning, rainbow)。
  • Seasons (季节): spring, summer, autumn, winter。
    • 例句： Spring is warm and sunny. Winter is cold and snowy.
    • 扩展： 描述每个季节的特点。
• Grammar (语法):
  • "It is" for describing weather (用 "It is" 描述天气):
    • 结构： It is + weather adjective.
    • 例句： It is sunny. It is cold.
    • 扩展： 描述温度 (It is 20 degrees Celsius.)
  • "What's the weather like?" (天气怎么样？):
    • 回答： It's sunny.
    • 扩展： 询问不同地方的天气 (What's the weather like in Beijing?)
• Functions (功能):
  • Describing the weather (描述天气):
    • 句型： It is sunny and warm today. It is cold and rainy.
    • 扩展： 预测天气 (It will be sunny tomorrow.)
  • Talking about activities appropriate for different weather (谈论适合不同天气的活动):
    • 句型： We can go swimming when it is sunny. We can play indoors when it is rainy.
    • 扩展： 谈论对不同天气的喜好 (I like sunny days.)
• Culture (文化):
  • Weather folklore and proverbs (关于天气的民俗和谚语): 简单介绍一些中国的谚语，例如“瑞雪兆丰年”。

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