《五年级英语上册第八单元思维导图》

中心主题：Healthy Habits

一、 Food (食物)

• 类别：

  • Fruits (水果)
    • Examples: Apple, banana, pear, orange, grapes, strawberry, watermelon, pineapple, mango, kiwi
    • Adjectives: Sweet, juicy, sour, ripe, fresh, delicious
    • Phrases: A piece of apple, a bunch of grapes, a bowl of fruit salad
  • Vegetables (蔬菜)
    • Examples: Carrot, tomato, potato, cucumber, cabbage, broccoli, spinach, pepper, onion, garlic
    • Adjectives: Crunchy, healthy, raw, cooked, fresh, nutritious
    • Phrases: A head of cabbage, a bunch of carrots, a bag of potatoes
  • Meat & Poultry (肉类 & 家禽)
    • Examples: Chicken, beef, pork, fish, duck, lamb
    • Adjectives: Tender, juicy, lean, grilled, fried, baked
    • Phrases: A piece of chicken, a slice of beef, a grilled fish
  • Grains (谷物)
    • Examples: Rice, bread, pasta, cereal, noodles
    • Adjectives: White, brown, whole wheat, cooked, boiled
    • Phrases: A bowl of rice, a slice of bread, a plate of pasta
  • Dairy (乳制品)
    • Examples: Milk, cheese, yogurt, butter, ice cream
    • Adjectives: Creamy, rich, cold, fresh, delicious
    • Phrases: A glass of milk, a piece of cheese, a cup of yogurt
  • Junk Food (垃圾食品)
    • Examples: Candy, chips, soda, cookies, chocolate, pizza, hamburgers
    • Adjectives: Unhealthy, sugary, salty, greasy, addictive
    • Phrases: A bag of chips, a can of soda, a piece of pizza

• 表达喜好：

  • I like…
  • I love…
  • I enjoy…
  • I prefer…
  • I don’t like…
  • I hate…
  • My favorite food is…

• 描述食物：

  • It tastes… (sweet, sour, salty, bitter)
  • It looks… (delicious, colorful, fresh)
  • It smells… (good, bad, fragrant)

二、 Drinks (饮料)

• 类别：

  • Water
    • Adjectives: Clean, pure, refreshing
    • Phrases: A glass of water, a bottle of water
  • Juice
    • Examples: Orange juice, apple juice, grape juice
    • Adjectives: Fresh, sweet, natural
    • Phrases: A glass of orange juice, a carton of apple juice
  • Milk
    • Adjectives: Creamy, nutritious, cold
    • Phrases: A glass of milk, a carton of milk
  • Soda
    • Examples: Coke, Sprite, Fanta
    • Adjectives: Fizzy, sweet, unhealthy
    • Phrases: A can of soda, a bottle of soda
  • Tea
    • Examples: Green tea, black tea, herbal tea
    • Adjectives: Hot, warm, fragrant
    • Phrases: A cup of tea, a pot of tea

• 表达喜好： (同Food)

• 描述饮料： (同Food)

三、 Activities (活动)

• Types of Activities:

  • Exercise (锻炼)
    • Examples: Running, swimming, cycling, playing basketball, playing football, doing yoga, dancing, jumping rope
    • Phrases: Go running, go swimming, ride a bike, play basketball, play football, do yoga, dance, jump rope
  • Rest & Relaxation (休息 & 放松)
    • Examples: Sleeping, reading, listening to music, watching TV, drawing, playing video games
    • Phrases: Get enough sleep, read a book, listen to music, watch TV, draw a picture, play video games

• Frequency Adverbs (频率副词):

  • Always (总是)
  • Usually (通常)
  • Often (经常)
  • Sometimes (有时)
  • Rarely (很少)
  • Never (从不)

• 描述活动习惯:

  • I always…
  • I usually…
  • I often…
  • I sometimes…
  • I rarely…
  • I never…

四、 Healthy Habits (健康习惯)

• Good Habits:

  • Eating healthy food (吃健康食物)
  • Drinking plenty of water (喝足够的水)
  • Getting enough sleep (获得足够的睡眠)
  • Exercising regularly (经常锻炼)
  • Washing your hands frequently (经常洗手)
  • Brushing your teeth twice a day (每天刷牙两次)
  • Wearing clean clothes (穿干净的衣服)
  • Taking a shower regularly (经常洗澡)
  • Keeping your environment clean (保持环境清洁)
  • Having a positive attitude (拥有积极的态度)

• Bad Habits:

  • Eating junk food (吃垃圾食品)
  • Drinking sugary drinks (喝含糖饮料)
  • Not getting enough sleep (睡眠不足)
  • Not exercising (不锻炼)
  • Not washing your hands (不洗手)
  • Staying up late (熬夜)
  • Spending too much time on electronic devices (在电子设备上花费太多时间)
  • Being lazy (懒惰)

• Giving Advice (给出建议):

  • You should…
  • You shouldn’t…
  • It's important to…
  • It's not good to…
  • Try to…
  • Don't…

• 询问健康习惯：

  • What do you usually eat for breakfast/lunch/dinner?
  • How often do you exercise?
  • How many hours do you sleep each night?
  • Do you eat fruits and vegetables every day?

五、 Grammar (语法)

• Adverbs of Frequency (频率副词): (See above)

  • Position: Before main verbs (but after "be" verbs). Example: I usually eat breakfast. She is always happy.

• Modal Verb "Should" (情态动词 "Should"):

  • Use: Giving advice, expressing obligation. Example: You should eat more vegetables. You shouldn't eat so much candy.

• Asking Questions about Habits:

  • "How often" questions: How often do you...? How often does he/she...?
  • "What" questions: What do you usually eat...? What does he/she usually do...?

六、 Vocabulary Expansion (词汇拓展)

• Symptoms of Illness (疾病症状):

  • Headache (头痛)
  • Stomachache (胃痛)
  • Toothache (牙痛)
  • Fever (发烧)
  • Cough (咳嗽)
  • Sore throat (喉咙痛)
  • Runny nose (流鼻涕)

• At the Doctor's (在医生那里):

  • Doctor (医生)
  • Nurse (护士)
  • Medicine (药)
  • Pill (药丸)
  • Injection (注射)
  • Prescription (处方)

七、 Cultural Awareness (文化意识)

• Healthy Eating Habits Around the World: Different cultures have different traditional foods and eating habits. Explore different diets and their health benefits. Discuss the importance of a balanced diet across cultures.

• Importance of Exercise in Different Cultures: Examine how exercise is integrated into daily life in different cultures (e.g., tai chi in China, yoga in India).