英语六年级思维导图简单漂亮

# 《英语六年级思维导图 简单漂亮》

## 一、语法核心

### 1. 时态 (Tenses)

*   **一般现在时 (Simple Present):**
    *   **用法:** 经常发生的动作、真理、习惯。
    *   **关键词:** always, usually, often, sometimes, never, every day/week/month/year, once/twice/three times a week/month/year.
    *   **动词变化:** 第三人称单数动词加 -s/-es。
    *   **例句:** I eat breakfast every morning. She plays the piano.

*   **现在进行时 (Present Continuous):**
    *   **用法:** 现在正在发生的动作，临时的活动。
    *   **关键词:** now, at the moment, these days.
    *   **构成:** am/is/are + 动词-ing 形式。
    *   **例句:** I am watching TV now. They are studying for the exam.

*   **一般过去时 (Simple Past):**
    *   **用法:** 过去发生的动作，已经结束的事情。
    *   **关键词:** yesterday, last week/month/year, ago (two days ago, etc.), in 2020.
    *   **动词变化:** 规则动词加 -ed，不规则动词查表。
    *   **例句:** I went to the zoo yesterday. She finished her homework.

*   **一般将来时 (Simple Future):**
    *   **用法:** 将来发生的动作，计划或预测。
    *   **关键词:** tomorrow, next week/month/year, in the future, soon.
    *   **构成:** will + 动词原形 或 be going to + 动词原形。
    *   **例句:** I will go to the park tomorrow. They are going to travel to China next year.

### 2. 词性 (Parts of Speech)

*   **名词 (Nouns):**
    *   **分类:** 可数名词 (countable) & 不可数名词 (uncountable)。
    *   **单复数:** 规则名词加 -s/-es，不规则名词需要记忆。
    *   **例句:** book, apple, water, air.

*   **代词 (Pronouns):**
    *   **人称代词 (Personal Pronouns):** I, you, he, she, it, we, they.
    *   **物主代词 (Possessive Pronouns):** mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs.
    *   **指示代词 (Demonstrative Pronouns):** this, that, these, those.
    *   **例句:** He is my friend. This is my book.

*   **动词 (Verbs):**
    *   **及物动词 (Transitive Verbs):** 后面需要接宾语. 例：eat, read.
    *   **不及物动词 (Intransitive Verbs):** 后面不需要接宾语. 例：sleep, run.
    *   **情态动词 (Modal Verbs):** can, could, should, would, may, might, must.
    *   **例句:** I eat an apple. She sleeps late.

*   **形容词 (Adjectives):**
    *   **用法:** 修饰名词。
    *   **位置:** 在名词前或系动词后。
    *   **例句:** a big apple, The apple is delicious.

*   **副词 (Adverbs):**
    *   **用法:** 修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。
    *   **分类:** 程度副词 (very, quite), 时间副词 (now, yesterday), 地点副词 (here, there), 方式副词 (quickly, slowly).
    *   **例句:** He runs quickly. She is very happy.

*   **介词 (Prepositions):**
    *   **常见介词:** in, on, at, to, from, with, by, for, of, under, over, between, among.
    *   **用法:** 表示地点、时间、方式等。
    *   **例句:** The book is on the table. I go to school at 8 am.

*   **连词 (Conjunctions):**
    *   **并列连词 (Coordinating Conjunctions):** and, but, or, so.
    *   **从属连词 (Subordinating Conjunctions):** because, if, although, when, while.
    *   **例句:** I like apples and bananas. I am happy because it is my birthday.

### 3. 句子结构 (Sentence Structure)

*   **简单句 (Simple Sentence):** 只有一个主语和谓语。
    *   **例句:** I eat. She sings.

*   **并列句 (Compound Sentence):** 由两个或多个简单句用并列连词连接而成。
    *   **例句:** I eat apples, and she drinks juice.

*   **复合句 (Complex Sentence):** 由一个主句和一个或多个从句组成。
    *   **例句:** I am happy because it is my birthday. (because引导原因状语从句)

## 二、词汇拓展 (Vocabulary Expansion)

### 1. 话题分类 (Topic Categories)

*   **家庭 (Family):** parents, siblings, grandparents, relatives.
*   **学校 (School):** teachers, students, classroom, subjects (Math, English, Science).
*   **食物 (Food):** fruits, vegetables, meat, snacks, drinks.
*   **动物 (Animals):** pets, wild animals, farm animals.
*   **交通工具 (Transportation):** car, bus, train, airplane, bicycle.
*   **自然 (Nature):** mountains, rivers, trees, flowers, weather.
*   **职业 (Occupations):** teacher, doctor, farmer, policeman, fireman.
*   **节日 (Festivals):** Christmas, New Year, Spring Festival, Halloween.

### 2. 同义词/反义词 (Synonyms/Antonyms)

*   **happy:** joyful, glad / sad, unhappy.
*   **big:** large, huge / small, tiny.
*   **good:** excellent, wonderful / bad, terrible.
*   **fast:** quick, rapid / slow.
*   **beautiful:** pretty, lovely / ugly.

### 3. 常用短语 (Common Phrases)

*   **look after:** 照顾
*   **take care of:** 照顾
*   **get up:** 起床
*   **go to bed:** 睡觉
*   **wake up:** 醒来
*   **have breakfast/lunch/dinner:** 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭
*   **play sports:** 玩运动
*   **watch TV:** 看电视
*   **listen to music:** 听音乐
*   **read books:** 看书

## 三、阅读理解 (Reading Comprehension)

### 1. 阅读技巧 (Reading Skills)

*   **Skimming (略读):** 快速浏览文章，了解文章大意。
*   **Scanning (查读):** 快速查找特定信息。
*   **Identifying main ideas (识别主要思想):** 找出段落或文章的主要内容。
*   **Understanding context clues (理解语境):** 通过上下文猜测词义。
*   **Making inferences (进行推断):** 根据文章内容进行推断。

### 2. 题型分析 (Question Types)

*   **Main idea questions (主旨题):** 询问文章或段落的主要内容。
*   **Detail questions (细节题):** 询问文章中具体的细节信息。
*   **Vocabulary in context questions (语境词汇题):** 询问某个词语在文章中的意思。
*   **Inference questions (推断题):** 需要根据文章内容进行推断。
*   **Purpose questions (目的题):** 询问作者的写作目的。

## 四、写作技巧 (Writing Skills)

### 1. 常用句型 (Useful Sentence Patterns)

*   **描述事物:** This is a… It is… It has…
*   **表达喜欢/不喜欢:** I like… I enjoy… I don’t like… I hate…
*   **表达观点:** I think… In my opinion…
*   **提出建议:** You should… You can…
*   **描述经历:** I went to… I saw… I had…

### 2. 写作步骤 (Writing Steps)

*   **Brainstorming (头脑风暴):** 列出所有相关的想法。
*   **Outlining (列提纲):** 组织你的想法，确定文章结构。
*   **Drafting (起草):** 写出文章的初稿。
*   **Revising (修改):** 检查文章的语法、拼写和内容。
*   **Editing (编辑):** 对文章进行最后的润色。

### 3. 常见写作类型 (Common Writing Types)

*   **日记 (Diary):** 记录每天的经历和感受。
*   **信件 (Letter):** 给朋友或家人写信。
*   **故事 (Story):** 讲述一个虚构的故事。
*   **描述文 (Descriptive Writing):** 描述一个人、事物或地点。
*   **议论文 (Argumentative Writing):** 表达自己的观点并进行论证。

《英语六年级思维导图简单漂亮》

一、语法核心

1. 时态 (Tenses)

一般现在时 (Simple Present):
- 用法: 经常发生的动作、真理、习惯。
- 关键词: always, usually, often, sometimes, never, every day/week/month/year, once/twice/three times a week/month/year.
- 动词变化: 第三人称单数动词加 -s/-es。
- 例句: I eat breakfast every morning. She plays the piano.
现在进行时 (Present Continuous):
- 用法: 现在正在发生的动作，临时的活动。
- 关键词: now, at the moment, these days.
- 构成: am/is/are + 动词-ing 形式。
- 例句: I am watching TV now. They are studying for the exam.
一般过去时 (Simple Past):
- 用法: 过去发生的动作，已经结束的事情。
- 关键词: yesterday, last week/month/year, ago (two days ago, etc.), in 2020.
- 动词变化: 规则动词加 -ed，不规则动词查表。
- 例句: I went to the zoo yesterday. She finished her homework.
一般将来时 (Simple Future):
- 用法: 将来发生的动作，计划或预测。
- 关键词: tomorrow, next week/month/year, in the future, soon.
- 构成: will + 动词原形或 be going to + 动词原形。
- 例句: I will go to the park tomorrow. They are going to travel to China next year.

2. 词性 (Parts of Speech)

名词 (Nouns):
- 分类: 可数名词 (countable) & 不可数名词 (uncountable)。
- 单复数: 规则名词加 -s/-es，不规则名词需要记忆。
- 例句: book, apple, water, air.
代词 (Pronouns):
- 人称代词 (Personal Pronouns): I, you, he, she, it, we, they.
- 物主代词 (Possessive Pronouns): mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs.
- 指示代词 (Demonstrative Pronouns): this, that, these, those.
- 例句: He is my friend. This is my book.
动词 (Verbs):
- 及物动词 (Transitive Verbs): 后面需要接宾语. 例：eat, read.
- 不及物动词 (Intransitive Verbs): 后面不需要接宾语. 例：sleep, run.
- 情态动词 (Modal Verbs): can, could, should, would, may, might, must.
- 例句: I eat an apple. She sleeps late.
形容词 (Adjectives):
- 用法: 修饰名词。
- 位置: 在名词前或系动词后。
- 例句: a big apple, The apple is delicious.
副词 (Adverbs):
- 用法: 修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。
- 分类: 程度副词 (very, quite), 时间副词 (now, yesterday), 地点副词 (here, there), 方式副词 (quickly, slowly).
- 例句: He runs quickly. She is very happy.
介词 (Prepositions):
- 常见介词: in, on, at, to, from, with, by, for, of, under, over, between, among.
- 用法: 表示地点、时间、方式等。
- 例句: The book is on the table. I go to school at 8 am.
连词 (Conjunctions):
- 并列连词 (Coordinating Conjunctions): and, but, or, so.
- 从属连词 (Subordinating Conjunctions): because, if, although, when, while.
- 例句: I like apples and bananas. I am happy because it is my birthday.

3. 句子结构 (Sentence Structure)

简单句 (Simple Sentence): 只有一个主语和谓语。
- 例句: I eat. She sings.
并列句 (Compound Sentence): 由两个或多个简单句用并列连词连接而成。
- 例句: I eat apples, and she drinks juice.
复合句 (Complex Sentence): 由一个主句和一个或多个从句组成。
- 例句: I am happy because it is my birthday. (because引导原因状语从句)

二、词汇拓展 (Vocabulary Expansion)

1. 话题分类 (Topic Categories)

家庭 (Family): parents, siblings, grandparents, relatives.
学校 (School): teachers, students, classroom, subjects (Math, English, Science).
食物 (Food): fruits, vegetables, meat, snacks, drinks.
动物 (Animals): pets, wild animals, farm animals.
交通工具 (Transportation): car, bus, train, airplane, bicycle.
自然 (Nature): mountains, rivers, trees, flowers, weather.
职业 (Occupations): teacher, doctor, farmer, policeman, fireman.
节日 (Festivals): Christmas, New Year, Spring Festival, Halloween.

2. 同义词/反义词 (Synonyms/Antonyms)

happy: joyful, glad / sad, unhappy.
big: large, huge / small, tiny.
good: excellent, wonderful / bad, terrible.
fast: quick, rapid / slow.
beautiful: pretty, lovely / ugly.

3. 常用短语 (Common Phrases)

look after: 照顾
take care of: 照顾
get up: 起床
go to bed: 睡觉
wake up: 醒来
have breakfast/lunch/dinner: 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭
play sports: 玩运动
watch TV: 看电视
listen to music: 听音乐
read books: 看书

三、阅读理解 (Reading Comprehension)

1. 阅读技巧 (Reading Skills)

Skimming (略读): 快速浏览文章，了解文章大意。
Scanning (查读): 快速查找特定信息。
Identifying main ideas (识别主要思想): 找出段落或文章的主要内容。
Understanding context clues (理解语境): 通过上下文猜测词义。
Making inferences (进行推断): 根据文章内容进行推断。

2. 题型分析 (Question Types)

Main idea questions (主旨题): 询问文章或段落的主要内容。
Detail questions (细节题): 询问文章中具体的细节信息。
Vocabulary in context questions (语境词汇题): 询问某个词语在文章中的意思。
Inference questions (推断题): 需要根据文章内容进行推断。
Purpose questions (目的题): 询问作者的写作目的。

四、写作技巧 (Writing Skills)

1. 常用句型 (Useful Sentence Patterns)

描述事物: This is a… It is… It has…
表达喜欢/不喜欢: I like… I enjoy… I don’t like… I hate…
表达观点: I think… In my opinion…
提出建议: You should… You can…
描述经历: I went to… I saw… I had…

2. 写作步骤 (Writing Steps)

Brainstorming (头脑风暴): 列出所有相关的想法。
Outlining (列提纲): 组织你的想法，确定文章结构。
Drafting (起草): 写出文章的初稿。
Revising (修改): 检查文章的语法、拼写和内容。
Editing (编辑): 对文章进行最后的润色。

3. 常见写作类型 (Common Writing Types)

日记 (Diary): 记录每天的经历和感受。
信件 (Letter): 给朋友或家人写信。
故事 (Story): 讲述一个虚构的故事。
描述文 (Descriptive Writing): 描述一个人、事物或地点。
议论文 (Argumentative Writing): 表达自己的观点并进行论证。

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英语六年级思维导图 简单漂亮

《英语六年级思维导图 简单漂亮》