《关于春节习俗的英语思维导图》

mermaid graph LR subgraph Chinese New Year A[Overview: Celebration of the Lunar New Year] --> B(Time: Late January or Early February); A --> C(Duration: 15 days, from New Year's Eve to the Lantern Festival); A --> D(Significance: Family reunion, new beginnings, good fortune);

    subgraph Preparations
        E[Pre-New Year's Cleaning (大扫除)] --> F(Purpose: Sweep away bad luck, welcome good fortune);
        E --> G(Actions: Cleaning the house thoroughly, washing clothes, disposing of old items);

        H[Decorations (装饰品)] --> I(Red lanterns (红灯笼));
        H --> J(Paper cuttings (剪纸): Often with auspicious patterns);
        H --> K(Upside-down 福 Character (倒福): Symbolizes "fortune arriving");
        H --> L(Spring Couplets (春联): Poetic verses wishing good fortune);
        H --> M(Plum blossoms (梅花) & Peach blossoms (桃花): Symbolize spring and new beginnings);

        N[Shopping for New Year's Goods (办年货)] --> O(Food: Special ingredients for festive dishes);
        N --> P(New clothes: Often red, symbolizing good luck);
        N --> Q(Gifts: To be given to family and friends);
        N --> R(Firecrackers & Fireworks (鞭炮&烟花): For celebrations);
    end

    subgraph New Year's Eve (除夕)
        S[Family Reunion Dinner (年夜饭)] --> T(Significance: Most important meal of the year, symbolizes togetherness);
        S --> U(Dishes: Dumplings (饺子), Spring rolls (春卷), Fish (鱼), Nian Gao (年糕));
        S --> V(Symbolism: Each dish has a symbolic meaning, representing prosperity, luck, and abundance);

        W[Watching the CCTV New Year's Gala (看春晚)] --> X(A traditional TV program with performances and entertainment);
        W --> Y(Family activity: Watching together while preparing for the New Year);

        Z[Giving Red Envelopes (红包)] --> AA(Recipients: Children and unmarried adults);
        Z --> BB(Content: Money, symbolizing good luck and prosperity);
        Z --> CC(Tradition: Represents wishes for a fortunate year);

        DD[Staying Up Late (守岁)] --> EE(Purpose: To ward off evil spirits and welcome the New Year);
        DD --> FF(Activities: Playing games, chatting, waiting for the first firecrackers);
    end

    subgraph New Year's Day (正月初一)
        GG[Visiting Family and Friends (拜年)] --> HH(Greetings: Saying "新年快乐" (Xīn nián kuài lè) or "恭喜发财" (Gōng xǐ fā cái));
        GG --> II(Gift-giving: Bringing small gifts, such as fruit or snacks);

        JJ[Setting Off Firecrackers and Fireworks (放鞭炮&烟花)] --> KK(Purpose: To scare away evil spirits and bring good luck);
        JJ --> LL(Tradition: A loud and festive way to celebrate);

        MM[Wearing New Clothes (穿新衣)] --> NN(Significance: Symbolizes a fresh start to the New Year);
        MM --> OO(Color: Often red, representing good luck and happiness);
    end

    subgraph Lantern Festival (元宵节)
        PP[Date: 15th day of the New Year (正月十五)];
        PP --> QQ(Activities: Lantern displays, riddle guessing, eating Tangyuan (汤圆));

        RR[Lanterns (灯笼)] --> SS(Shapes: Various shapes and sizes, often decorated with intricate designs);
        RR --> TT(Riddles: Guessing riddles written on lanterns);

        UU[Tangyuan (汤圆)] --> VV(Description: Sweet glutinous rice balls, symbolizing family unity);
        UU --> WW(Significance: Eating Tangyuan signifies completeness and reunion);

        XX[Lion and Dragon Dances (舞狮&舞龙)] --> YY(Performances: Traditional dances performed with elaborate costumes);
        XX --> ZZ(Purpose: To bring good luck and drive away evil spirits);
    end

    subgraph Superstitions and Taboos
        AAA[Avoid sweeping or cleaning (避免扫地&清洁)] --> BBB(Reason: Sweeping away good luck);

        CCC[Avoid washing hair (避免洗头)] --> DDD(Reason: Washing away good fortune);

        EEE[Avoid using scissors or knives (避免使用剪刀&刀)] --> FFF(Reason: Cutting off good luck);

        GGG[Avoid arguing or fighting (避免争吵&打架)] --> HHH(Reason: To ensure a peaceful and harmonious year);

        III[Avoid wearing white or black (避免穿白色&黑色)] --> JJJ(Reason: Colors associated with mourning);
    end

    subgraph Foods
        KKK[Dumplings (饺子)] --> LLL(Shape: Resemble ancient Chinese money, symbolizing wealth);
        KKK --> MMM(Filling: Various fillings, such as pork, vegetables, and seafood);

        NNN[Spring Rolls (春卷)] --> OOO(Shape: Resemble gold bars, symbolizing prosperity);
        NNN --> PPP(Filling: Vegetables, meat, and sometimes seafood);

        QQQ[Fish (鱼)] --> RRR(Pronunciation: The word "fish" (鱼, yú) sounds like "abundance" (余, yú));
        QQQ --> SSS(Preparation: Often steamed or braised, served whole);

        TTT[Nian Gao (年糕)] --> UUU(Meaning: "Higher year" (年高, nián gāo), symbolizing progress and advancement);
        TTT --> VVV(Ingredients: Glutinous rice flour, sugar, and other ingredients);

        WWW[Tangerines and Oranges (橘子&橙子)] --> XXX(Symbolism: Represent wealth and good fortune);
        WWW --> YYY(Giving as gifts: A common gesture of goodwill);

        ZZZ[Seeds and Nuts (瓜子&坚果)] --> AAAA(Symbolism: Represent fertility and abundance);
        ZZZ --> BBBB(Enjoyed as snacks: During family gatherings);
    end

    subgraph Regional Variations
        CCCCC[Northern China] --> DDDDD(More emphasis on dumplings and hearty meals);

        EEEEE[Southern China] --> FFFFF(More emphasis on rice-based dishes and seafood);

        GGGGG[Hong Kong] --> HHHHH(Giving Lai See (利是, red envelopes) is especially prevalent);

        IIIII[Taiwan] --> JJJJJ(Customs and traditions blend influences from Fujian and Hakka cultures);
    end
end