春节习俗英语思维导图

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# 《春节习俗英语思维导图》

## I. Introduction (春节简介)

*   **A. Definition:** The Spring Festival, also known as Chinese New Year, is the most important traditional festival in China. (春节，也称为中国新年，是中国最重要的传统节日。)
*   **B. Lunar Calendar:** Based on the lunar calendar, occurring between January 21st and February 20th. (基于农历，通常在1月21日至2月20日之间。)
*   **C. Significance:** A time for family reunion, celebrating the new year, and wishing for good fortune. (家庭团聚、庆祝新年、祈求好运的时刻。)
*   **D. Duration:** Officially a 7-day holiday, but celebrations often extend for several weeks. (官方放假7天，但庆祝活动通常持续数周。)
*   **E. Other Names:** Lunar New Year, Chinese New Year. (其他名称：农历新年，中国新年。)

## II. Preparations (准备工作)

*   **A. Cleaning (大扫除):**
    *   *Purpose:* To sweep away bad luck from the past year and welcome good fortune. (清除过去一年的霉运，迎接好运。)
    *   *Activities:* Thoroughly cleaning the house, washing clothes, and tidying up. (彻底清洁房屋，洗衣服，整理物品。)
    *   *English Phrases:* "Spring cleaning", "Sweeping away the old", "Welcoming the new".
*   **B. Shopping (置办年货):**
    *   *Items:* Food, new clothes, decorations, gifts. (食物、新衣服、装饰品、礼物。)
    *   *Markets:* Crowded markets filled with vendors selling festive items. (拥挤的市场，到处都是卖节日物品的摊贩。)
    *   *English Phrases:* "New Year shopping", "Festive goods", "Buying groceries".
*   **C. Decorations (装饰):**
    *   *Red Decorations:* Red lanterns, paper cuttings, couplets, and the character "福" (fu - fortune). (红灯笼、剪纸、对联和“福”字。)
    *   *Symbolism:* Red symbolizes good luck and prosperity. (红色象征着好运和繁荣。)
    *   *English Phrases:* "Decorating with red", "Festive decorations", "Creating a festive atmosphere".
*   **D. Food Preparations (准备食物):**
    *   *Dumplings (饺子):* A staple food, symbolizing wealth. (主食，象征财富。)
    *   *Nian Gao (年糕):* Sticky rice cake, symbolizing progress and improvement. (年糕，象征进步和提高。)
    *   *Spring Rolls (春卷):* Crispy rolls filled with vegetables and meat. (酥脆的卷，里面装满蔬菜和肉。)
    *   *Other Dishes:* Fish (余，abundance), tangerines (吉，good luck), and various meats. (鱼（余，富足）、橘子（吉，好运）和各种肉类。)
    *   *English Phrases:* "Preparing New Year's delicacies", "Traditional dishes", "Family feast".

## III. Customs and Traditions (习俗与传统)

*   **A. Family Reunion (家庭团聚):**
    *   *Traveling Home:* Millions of people travel long distances to reunite with their families. (数百万人长途跋涉与家人团聚。)
    *   *Reunion Dinner (年夜饭):* The most important meal of the year, eaten on New Year's Eve. (一年中最重要的一餐，在除夕夜吃。)
    *   *English Phrases:* "Family reunion", "Returning home", "Spending time with loved ones".
*   **B. Giving Red Envelopes (红包):**
    *   *Red Envelopes (Hongbao):* Red envelopes filled with money, given to children and unmarried adults. (装满钱的红包，送给孩子和未婚成年人。)
    *   *Symbolism:* Good luck and blessings for the new year. (对新年的祝福和好运。)
    *   *English Phrases:* "Giving red envelopes", "Lucky money", "Blessings for the new year".
*   **C. Watching the Spring Festival Gala (看春晚):**
    *   *CCTV Spring Festival Gala:* A popular television program featuring performances, comedy sketches, and songs. (受欢迎的电视节目，包含表演、喜剧小品和歌曲。)
    *   *English Phrases:* "Spring Festival Gala", "Watching TV on New Year's Eve", "Entertainment and celebration".
*   **D. Setting off Fireworks and Firecrackers (放鞭炮):**
    *   *Purpose:* To scare away evil spirits and bring good luck. (驱赶恶灵，带来好运。)
    *   *Regulations:* Restrictions on fireworks in many cities due to safety concerns. (由于安全问题，许多城市对烟花爆竹有管制。)
    *   *English Phrases:* "Setting off fireworks", "Celebrating with firecrackers", "Creating a festive atmosphere".
*   **E. Visiting Relatives and Friends (拜年):**
    *   *Greetings:* Saying "新年快乐" (Xīn nián kuài lè - Happy New Year) and offering blessings. (说“新年快乐”，并送上祝福。)
    *   *Gift Giving:* Bringing gifts such as fruit, snacks, or tea. (带礼物，如水果、零食或茶。)
    *   *English Phrases:* "Visiting relatives", "Offering New Year's greetings", "Showing respect and care".
*   **F. Temple Fairs (庙会):**
    *   *Activities:* Traditional performances, food stalls, games, and crafts. (传统表演、美食摊位、游戏和手工艺品。)
    *   *English Phrases:* "Temple fair", "Traditional market", "Experiencing Chinese culture".
*   **G. Lion and Dragon Dances (舞龙舞狮):**
    *   *Performances:* Traditional dances performed to bring good luck and ward off evil spirits. (为了带来好运和驱赶恶灵而进行的传统舞蹈。)
    *   *English Phrases:* "Lion dance", "Dragon dance", "Traditional Chinese performance".

## IV. Zodiac Animals (生肖)

*   **A. Twelve Animals:** Rat, Ox, Tiger, Rabbit, Dragon, Snake, Horse, Goat, Monkey, Rooster, Dog, Pig. (鼠、牛、虎、兔、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗、猪。)
*   **B. Cycle:** Each animal represents a year in a 12-year cycle. (每种动物代表一个12年周期中的一年。)
*   **C. Characteristics:** Each animal is associated with specific personality traits and fortunes. (每种动物都与特定的性格特征和运势相关。)
*   **D. This Year:** Identify the current year's zodiac animal and its associated characteristics. (确定今年的生肖动物及其相关特征。)
*   **E. English Phrases:** "Zodiac animal", "Chinese astrology", "Year of the [Animal]".

## V. Food Symbolism (食物象征意义)

*   **A. Dumplings (饺子):** Wealth and prosperity because their shape resembles ancient Chinese money. (财富和繁荣，因为它们的形状类似于古代中国货币。)
*   **B. Nian Gao (年糕):** Progress, growth, and improvement because "Nian Gao" sounds like "higher year" in Chinese. (进步、成长和提高，因为“年糕”在中文中听起来像“高年”。)
*   **C. Spring Rolls (春卷):** Wealth, because their golden color resembles gold bars. (财富，因为它们的金色类似于金条。)
*   **D. Fish (鱼):** Abundance and surplus, because "fish" (鱼 – yú) sounds like "surplus" (余 – yú) in Chinese. (富足和剩余，因为“鱼”（鱼 – yú）在中文中听起来像“剩余”（余 – yú）。)
*   **E. Tangerines (橘子):** Good luck and fortune because "tangerine" (橘 – jú) sounds similar to "good luck" (吉 – jí). (好运和财富，因为“橘子”（橘 – jú）听起来很像“好运”（吉 – jí）。)
*   **F. Long Noodles (长寿面):** Longevity and a long life. (长寿和长寿。)
*   **G. English Phrases:** "Food symbolism", "Lucky foods", "Eating for good fortune".

## VI. Taboos (禁忌)

*   **A. Sweeping the Floor on New Year's Day:** Sweeping away good luck. (扫走好运。)
*   **B. Washing Hair on New Year's Day:** Washing away wealth. (洗掉财富。)
*   **C. Using Sharp Objects:** Cutting off good fortune. (切断好运。)
*   **D. Giving Certain Gifts:** Clocks (symbolizing death) and white objects (associated with mourning). (钟表（象征死亡）和白色物品（与哀悼有关）。)
*   **E. Wearing White or Black:** Associated with mourning. (与哀悼有关。)
*   **F. Breaking Dishes:** Bad luck. (坏运气。)
*   **G. Borrowing Money:** Suggests poverty throughout the year. (暗示全年贫困。)
*   **H. English Phrases:** "New Year's taboos", "Things to avoid", "Unlucky actions".

## VII. Conclusion (总结)

*   **A. Importance:** The Spring Festival is a vital part of Chinese culture, representing family, tradition, and hope for the future. (春节是中国文化的重要组成部分，代表着家庭、传统和对未来的希望。)
*   **B. Evolution:** While traditions remain, the festival is also evolving with modern times. (尽管传统仍然存在，但节日也在随着时代的发展而发展。)
*   **C. Universal Appeal:** The spirit of celebration and renewal resonates with people around the world. (庆祝和更新的精神与世界各地的人们产生共鸣。)
*   **D. English Phrases:** "Cultural significance", "Celebrating traditions", "Embracing the spirit of renewal".

# 《春节习俗英语思维导图》 ## I. Introduction (春节简介) * **A. Definition:** The Spring Festival, also known as Chinese New Year, is the most important traditional festival in China. (春节，也称为中国新年，是中国最重要的传统节日。) * **B. Lunar Calendar:** Based on the lunar calendar, occurring between January 21st and February 20th. (基于农历，通常在1月21日至2月20日之间。) * **C. Significance:** A time for family reunion, celebrating the new year, and wishing for good fortune. (家庭团聚、庆祝新年、祈求好运的时刻。) * **D. Duration:** Officially a 7-day holiday, but celebrations often extend for several weeks. (官方放假7天，但庆祝活动通常持续数周。) * **E. Other Names:** Lunar New Year, Chinese New Year. (其他名称：农历新年，中国新年。) ## II. Preparations (准备工作) * **A. Cleaning (大扫除):** * *Purpose:* To sweep away bad luck from the past year and welcome good fortune. (清除过去一年的霉运，迎接好运。) * *Activities:* Thoroughly cleaning the house, washing clothes, and tidying up. (彻底清洁房屋，洗衣服，整理物品。) * *English Phrases:* "Spring cleaning", "Sweeping away the old", "Welcoming the new". * **B. Shopping (置办年货):** * *Items:* Food, new clothes, decorations, gifts. (食物、新衣服、装饰品、礼物。) * *Markets:* Crowded markets filled with vendors selling festive items. (拥挤的市场，到处都是卖节日物品的摊贩。) * *English Phrases:* "New Year shopping", "Festive goods", "Buying groceries". * **C. Decorations (装饰):** * *Red Decorations:* Red lanterns, paper cuttings, couplets, and the character "福" (fu - fortune). (红灯笼、剪纸、对联和“福”字。) * *Symbolism:* Red symbolizes good luck and prosperity. (红色象征着好运和繁荣。) * *English Phrases:* "Decorating with red", "Festive decorations", "Creating a festive atmosphere". * **D. Food Preparations (准备食物):** * *Dumplings (饺子):* A staple food, symbolizing wealth. (主食，象征财富。) * *Nian Gao (年糕):* Sticky rice cake, symbolizing progress and improvement. (年糕，象征进步和提高。) * *Spring Rolls (春卷):* Crispy rolls filled with vegetables and meat. (酥脆的卷，里面装满蔬菜和肉。) * *Other Dishes:* Fish (余，abundance), tangerines (吉，good luck), and various meats. (鱼（余，富足）、橘子（吉，好运）和各种肉类。) * *English Phrases:* "Preparing New Year's delicacies", "Traditional dishes", "Family feast". ## III. Customs and Traditions (习俗与传统) * **A. Family Reunion (家庭团聚):** * *Traveling Home:* Millions of people travel long distances to reunite with their families. (数百万人长途跋涉与家人团聚。) * *Reunion Dinner (年夜饭):* The most important meal of the year, eaten on New Year's Eve. (一年中最重要的一餐，在除夕夜吃。) * *English Phrases:* "Family reunion", "Returning home", "Spending time with loved ones". * **B. Giving Red Envelopes (红包):** * *Red Envelopes (Hongbao):* Red envelopes filled with money, given to children and unmarried adults. (装满钱的红包，送给孩子和未婚成年人。) * *Symbolism:* Good luck and blessings for the new year. (对新年的祝福和好运。) * *English Phrases:* "Giving red envelopes", "Lucky money", "Blessings for the new year". * **C. Watching the Spring Festival Gala (看春晚):** * *CCTV Spring Festival Gala:* A popular television program featuring performances, comedy sketches, and songs. (受欢迎的电视节目，包含表演、喜剧小品和歌曲。) * *English Phrases:* "Spring Festival Gala", "Watching TV on New Year's Eve", "Entertainment and celebration". * **D. Setting off Fireworks and Firecrackers (放鞭炮):** * *Purpose:* To scare away evil spirits and bring good luck. (驱赶恶灵，带来好运。) * *Regulations:* Restrictions on fireworks in many cities due to safety concerns. (由于安全问题，许多城市对烟花爆竹有管制。) * *English Phrases:* "Setting off fireworks", "Celebrating with firecrackers", "Creating a festive atmosphere". * **E. Visiting Relatives and Friends (拜年):** * *Greetings:* Saying "新年快乐" (Xīn nián kuài lè - Happy New Year) and offering blessings. (说“新年快乐”，并送上祝福。) * *Gift Giving:* Bringing gifts such as fruit, snacks, or tea. (带礼物，如水果、零食或茶。) * *English Phrases:* "Visiting relatives", "Offering New Year's greetings", "Showing respect and care". * **F. Temple Fairs (庙会):** * *Activities:* Traditional performances, food stalls, games, and crafts. (传统表演、美食摊位、游戏和手工艺品。) * *English Phrases:* "Temple fair", "Traditional market", "Experiencing Chinese culture". * **G. Lion and Dragon Dances (舞龙舞狮):** * *Performances:* Traditional dances performed to bring good luck and ward off evil spirits. (为了带来好运和驱赶恶灵而进行的传统舞蹈。) * *English Phrases:* "Lion dance", "Dragon dance", "Traditional Chinese performance". ## IV. Zodiac Animals (生肖) * **A. Twelve Animals:** Rat, Ox, Tiger, Rabbit, Dragon, Snake, Horse, Goat, Monkey, Rooster, Dog, Pig. (鼠、牛、虎、兔、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗、猪。) * **B. Cycle:** Each animal represents a year in a 12-year cycle. (每种动物代表一个12年周期中的一年。) * **C. Characteristics:** Each animal is associated with specific personality traits and fortunes. (每种动物都与特定的性格特征和运势相关。) * **D. This Year:** Identify the current year's zodiac animal and its associated characteristics. (确定今年的生肖动物及其相关特征。) * **E. English Phrases:** "Zodiac animal", "Chinese astrology", "Year of the [Animal]". ## V. Food Symbolism (食物象征意义) * **A. Dumplings (饺子):** Wealth and prosperity because their shape resembles ancient Chinese money. (财富和繁荣，因为它们的形状类似于古代中国货币。) * **B. Nian Gao (年糕):** Progress, growth, and improvement because "Nian Gao" sounds like "higher year" in Chinese. (进步、成长和提高，因为“年糕”在中文中听起来像“高年”。) * **C. Spring Rolls (春卷):** Wealth, because their golden color resembles gold bars. (财富，因为它们的金色类似于金条。) * **D. Fish (鱼):** Abundance and surplus, because "fish" (鱼 – yú) sounds like "surplus" (余 – yú) in Chinese. (富足和剩余，因为“鱼”（鱼 – yú）在中文中听起来像“剩余”（余 – yú）。) * **E. Tangerines (橘子):** Good luck and fortune because "tangerine" (橘 – jú) sounds similar to "good luck" (吉 – jí). (好运和财富，因为“橘子”（橘 – jú）听起来很像“好运”（吉 – jí）。) * **F. Long Noodles (长寿面):** Longevity and a long life. (长寿和长寿。) * **G. English Phrases:** "Food symbolism", "Lucky foods", "Eating for good fortune". ## VI. Taboos (禁忌) * **A. Sweeping the Floor on New Year's Day:** Sweeping away good luck. (扫走好运。) * **B. Washing Hair on New Year's Day:** Washing away wealth. (洗掉财富。) * **C. Using Sharp Objects:** Cutting off good fortune. (切断好运。) * **D. Giving Certain Gifts:** Clocks (symbolizing death) and white objects (associated with mourning). (钟表（象征死亡）和白色物品（与哀悼有关）。) * **E. Wearing White or Black:** Associated with mourning. (与哀悼有关。) * **F. Breaking Dishes:** Bad luck. (坏运气。) * **G. Borrowing Money:** Suggests poverty throughout the year. (暗示全年贫困。) * **H. English Phrases:** "New Year's taboos", "Things to avoid", "Unlucky actions". ## VII. Conclusion (总结) * **A. Importance:** The Spring Festival is a vital part of Chinese culture, representing family, tradition, and hope for the future. (春节是中国文化的重要组成部分，代表着家庭、传统和对未来的希望。) * **B. Evolution:** While traditions remain, the festival is also evolving with modern times. (尽管传统仍然存在，但节日也在随着时代的发展而发展。) * **C. Universal Appeal:** The spirit of celebration and renewal resonates with people around the world. (庆祝和更新的精神与世界各地的人们产生共鸣。) * **D. English Phrases:** "Cultural significance", "Celebrating traditions", "Embracing the spirit of renewal".

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