英语思维导图五年级下
《英语思维导图五年级下》
I. 单元一：My School
A. 核心主题：学校生活与日常活动
1. 地点 (Places)
- 教室 (Classroom): 桌子 (desk), 椅子 (chair), 黑板 (blackboard), 白板 (whiteboard), 书架 (bookshelf), 地图 (map)
- 操场 (Playground): 篮球场 (basketball court), 足球场 (football field), 跑道 (track), 单杠 (horizontal bar)
- 图书馆 (Library): 书籍 (books), 报纸 (newspapers), 杂志 (magazines), 电脑 (computers), 阅览室 (reading room)
- 食堂 (Canteen/Dining Hall): 餐桌 (dining table), 椅子 (chair), 食物 (food), 饮料 (drinks)
- 办公室 (Office): 老师 (teachers), 校长 (headmaster), 电脑 (computers), 文件 (documents)
- 实验室 (Laboratory): 实验器材 (lab equipment), 化学药品 (chemicals), 显微镜 (microscope)
2. 人物 (People)
- 学生 (Students): 同学 (classmate), 朋友 (friend), 班长 (class monitor)
- 老师 (Teachers): 英语老师 (English teacher), 数学老师 (math teacher), 体育老师 (PE teacher), 音乐老师 (music teacher), 美术老师 (art teacher)
- 校长 (Headmaster/Principal)
- 清洁工 (Cleaner)
- 厨师 (Cook)
- 图书管理员 (Librarian)
3. 活动 (Activities)
- 学习 (Learning): 上课 (having class), 做作业 (doing homework), 读书 (reading), 写字 (writing), 考试 (taking exams)
- 玩耍 (Playing): 跑步 (running), 跳绳 (skipping rope), 踢足球 (playing football), 打篮球 (playing basketball), 捉迷藏 (playing hide-and-seek)
- 吃饭 (Eating): 吃午餐 (having lunch), 吃晚餐 (having dinner), 吃零食 (having snacks)
- 阅读 (Reading): 读故事书 (reading storybooks), 读报纸 (reading newspapers), 查资料 (looking up information)
- 做实验 (Doing experiments): 化学实验 (chemistry experiments), 物理实验 (physics experiments), 生物实验 (biology experiments)
- 参加社团 (Joining clubs): 英语角 (English corner), 绘画社 (painting club), 音乐社 (music club)
4. 语言表达 (Language Expressions)
- 提问 (Asking questions): "What is this?" "Where is the library?" "Can I borrow a book?"
- 请求 (Making requests): "Can you help me?" "Please be quiet." "May I go to the toilet?"
- 表达喜好 (Expressing preferences): "I like English." "My favorite subject is math." "I enjoy playing football."
- 描述地点 (Describing locations): "The library is next to the classroom." "The playground is behind the school." "The office is on the second floor."
B. 语法重点：介词短语 (Prepositional Phrases)
1. 位置介词 (Prepositions of Place)
- in (在…里面): in the classroom, in the box
- on (在…上面): on the table, on the wall
- under (在…下面): under the desk, under the tree
- next to (在…旁边): next to the library, next to the door
- behind (在…后面): behind the school, behind the house
- in front of (在…前面): in front of the blackboard, in front of the building
- between (在…之间): between the classroom and the office, between two trees
2. 时间介词 (Prepositions of Time)
- at (在…时刻): at 8 o'clock, at noon, at night
- on (在…日期): on Monday, on July 4th, on my birthday
- in (在…月份/季节/年份): in January, in summer, in 2023
- before (在…之前): before lunch, before class
- after (在…之后): after school, after dinner
II. 单元二：My Family
A. 核心主题：家庭成员与日常活动
1. 家庭成员 (Family Members)
- 父母 (Parents): 爸爸 (father/dad), 妈妈 (mother/mom)
- 兄弟姐妹 (Siblings): 哥哥 (elder brother), 弟弟 (younger brother), 姐姐 (elder sister), 妹妹 (younger sister)
- 祖父母/外祖父母 (Grandparents): 爷爷 (grandfather), 奶奶 (grandmother), 外公 (grandfather), 外婆 (grandmother)
- 其他亲戚 (Other Relatives): 叔叔 (uncle), 阿姨 (aunt), 堂/表兄弟姐妹 (cousins)
2. 家庭活动 (Family Activities)
- 吃饭 (Eating meals): 一起吃早餐 (having breakfast together), 一起吃晚餐 (having dinner together)
- 看电视 (Watching TV): 看电影 (watching movies), 看动画片 (watching cartoons)
- 做家务 (Doing chores): 打扫卫生 (cleaning), 洗碗 (washing dishes), 整理房间 (tidying up the room), 倒垃圾 (taking out the trash)
- 外出活动 (Going out): 去公园 (going to the park), 去购物 (going shopping), 去旅游 (going traveling)
- 过节 (Celebrating festivals): 过生日 (celebrating birthdays), 过新年 (celebrating New Year), 过圣诞节 (celebrating Christmas)
3. 家庭关系 (Family Relationships)
- 爱 (Love): 爱我的父母 (love my parents), 爱我的兄弟姐妹 (love my siblings)
- 关心 (Care): 关心我的家人 (care about my family), 互相帮助 (help each other)
- 尊重 (Respect): 尊重长辈 (respect elders), 听父母的话 (listen to parents)
B. 语法重点：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词 (Possessive Adjectives and Possessive Pronouns)
1. 形容词性物主代词 (Possessive Adjectives)
- my (我的): my book, my house, my family
- your (你的): your pen, your school, your friend
- his (他的): his car, his name, his father
- her (她的): her dress, her mother, her cat
- its (它的): its tail, its color, its name
- our (我们的): our school, our team, our garden
- their (他们的): their house, their children, their toys
2. 名词性物主代词 (Possessive Pronouns)
- mine (我的): This book is mine.
- yours (你的): This pen is yours.
- his (他的): This car is his.
- hers (她的): This dress is hers.
- its (无对应): 不常用
- ours (我们的): This school is ours.
- theirs (他们的): This house is theirs.
III. 单元三：My Hobbies
A. 核心主题：兴趣爱好与休闲活动
1. 爱好种类 (Types of Hobbies)
- 运动 (Sports): 游泳 (swimming), 跑步 (running), 篮球 (basketball), 足球 (football), 羽毛球 (badminton), 乒乓球 (table tennis)
- 艺术 (Arts): 绘画 (painting), 唱歌 (singing), 跳舞 (dancing), 弹钢琴 (playing the piano), 弹吉他 (playing the guitar)
- 阅读 (Reading): 读小说 (reading novels), 读漫画 (reading comics), 读杂志 (reading magazines)
- 收集 (Collecting): 集邮 (collecting stamps), 收集硬币 (collecting coins), 收集贴纸 (collecting stickers)
- 户外活动 (Outdoor Activities): 露营 (camping), 钓鱼 (fishing), 爬山 (hiking), 野餐 (picnic)
2. 表达爱好 (Expressing Hobbies)
- I like… (我喜欢…): I like swimming. I like reading novels.
- I love… (我热爱…): I love playing basketball. I love singing.
- I enjoy… (我享受…): I enjoy hiking. I enjoy collecting stamps.
- My hobby is… (我的爱好是…): My hobby is painting. My hobby is playing the guitar.
- I am interested in… (我对…感兴趣): I am interested in collecting coins. I am interested in learning to dance.
3. 爱好相关词汇 (Vocabulary Related to Hobbies)
- 工具/器材 (Tools/Equipment): 画笔 (paint brush), 颜料 (paint), 足球 (football), 篮球 (basketball), 吉他 (guitar), 钢琴 (piano), 鱼竿 (fishing rod), 书 (book), 邮票 (stamp), 硬币 (coin)
- 地点 (Places): 游泳池 (swimming pool), 操场 (playground), 音乐教室 (music room), 绘画室 (art room), 公园 (park), 图书馆 (library)
B. 语法重点：情态动词 can, could, may, might, must, should
1. can (能够): 表示能力, 许可
- 能力: I can swim. He can play football.
- 许可: Can I go to the toilet? You can borrow my pen.
2. could (可以): can的过去式, 更委婉的请求
- 过去能力: I could swim when I was younger.
- 委婉请求: Could you please help me?
3. may (可以): 表示许可, 可能
- 许可: You may leave the classroom.
- 可能: It may rain tomorrow.
4. might (可能): may的过去式, 可能性更小
- 过去可能: It might have rained last night.
- 可能性更小: It might snow tomorrow.
5. must (必须): 表示义务, 推测
- 义务: You must do your homework.
- 推测: She must be very tired.
6. should (应该): 表示建议
- 建议: You should study hard. You should eat more vegetables.
