《七年级下册英语U9思维导图》

中心主题：Unit 9 When was he born?

I. Vocabulary & Expressions (词汇和短语)

• A. Dates & Time (日期和时间)

  • Cardinal Numbers (基数词): 1-100+
    • Spelling & Pronunciation (拼写和发音)
    • Use in Age, Dates, Addresses, etc. (用于年龄，日期，地址等)
  • Ordinal Numbers (序数词): 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th…
    • Rules for Forming Ordinal Numbers (构成序数词的规则): -th, -st, -nd, -rd exceptions
    • Use in Dates, Lists, Order (用于日期，列表，顺序)
  • Years (年份): pronunciation and writing (发音和书写)
    • Splitting years into two parts (将年份分成两部分读): e.g., 1998 - nineteen ninety-eight
    • Years in the 2000s (21世纪的年份): e.g., 2005 - two thousand and five
  • Months (月份): January, February…December
    • Spelling & Abbreviation (拼写和缩写)
    • Fixed order (固定顺序)
  • Seasons (季节): spring, summer, autumn/fall, winter
    • Association with weather and activities (与天气和活动相关联)

• B. People & Professions (人物和职业)

  • Names of historical figures (历史人物的名字): e.g., Mozart, Shakespeare, Newton
    • Recognizing their achievements (认识他们的成就)
  • Professions (职业): writer, scientist, musician, painter, etc.
    • Describing what they do (描述他们做什么)
    • Using appropriate verbs (使用适当的动词)

• C. Adjectives & Descriptors (形容词和描述词)

  • Describing personality (描述性格): clever, famous, successful, important, great, hard-working
    • Using comparative and superlative forms (使用比较级和最高级形式): e.g., more famous, the most famous
  • Describing importance (描述重要性): important, significant
  • Describing achievement (描述成就): successful, great

II. Grammar (语法)

• A. Simple Past Tense (一般过去时)

  • Form (形式):
    • Regular Verbs (规则动词): verb + -ed
    • Irregular Verbs (不规则动词): memorize the past forms (记忆过去式)
  • Usage (用法):
    • Describing completed actions in the past (描述过去已完成的动作)
    • Specific time or period in the past (过去特定时间或时期)
    • Sequence of past actions (一系列过去动作)
  • Negative and Interrogative Forms (否定和疑问形式):
    • Using "did" and "didn't" (使用“did”和“didn't”)
    • Question words (疑问词): When, Where, Who, What, Why, How

• B. Past Simple of "Be" (be动词的过去式)

  • Forms: was / were
  • Agreement with subject (与主语一致)
  • Usage: Describing states and facts in the past (描述过去的状态和事实)
  • Negative and Interrogative Forms (否定和疑问形式): Was/Were + subject...?

III. Functions (功能)

• A. Asking and Answering about Birth Dates (询问和回答出生日期)

  • Question Structure: When were you/was he/was she born?
  • Answer Structure: I/He/She was born in [month] [date], [year]. Or on [date] of [month], [year].

• B. Talking about Past Events and People (谈论过去的事件和人物)

  • Describing what someone did in the past (描述某人在过去做了什么)
  • Sharing biographical information (分享传记信息)
  • Expressing opinions about historical figures (表达对历史人物的看法)

• C. Expressing Time and Dates (表达时间和日期)

  • Using prepositions of time (使用时间介词): in, on, at
  • Writing dates correctly (正确书写日期)

IV. Reading & Writing (阅读和写作)

• A. Reading Comprehension (阅读理解)

  • Understanding biographies of famous people (理解名人的传记)
  • Identifying key information: birth date, achievements, impact (识别关键信息：出生日期、成就、影响)
  • Answering comprehension questions (回答理解问题)

• B. Writing a Short Biography (写一篇简短的传记)

  • Organizing information chronologically (按时间顺序组织信息)
  • Using the simple past tense correctly (正确使用一般过去时)
  • Including relevant details about the person's life (包括关于该人生活的相关细节)
  • Using transitional phrases to connect ideas (使用过渡短语连接思想) (e.g., later, after that, then, finally)

V. Listening & Speaking (听力和口语)

• A. Listening Comprehension (听力理解)

  • Understanding spoken dates and years (理解口语中的日期和年份)
  • Identifying key information in spoken biographies (识别口语传记中的关键信息)
  • Taking notes while listening (边听边记笔记)

• B. Oral Practice (口语练习)

  • Asking and answering questions about birth dates and past events (询问和回答关于出生日期和过去事件的问题)
  • Giving short presentations about famous people (做关于名人的简短报告)
  • Participating in role-playing activities (参与角色扮演活动)

VI. Culture Notes (文化笔记)

• A. Different ways of writing dates (不同的日期书写方式)

  • American vs. British (美式与英式)
  • Understanding the differences (理解差异)

• B. Importance of historical figures (历史人物的重要性)

  • Learning about their contributions (了解他们的贡献)
  • Discussing their impact on society (讨论他们对社会的影响)
• C. Cultural events and celebrations related to historical figures (与历史人物相关的文化活动和庆祝活动)

VII. Common Mistakes & How to Avoid Them (常见错误及如何避免)

• A. Using incorrect verb tenses (使用不正确的动词时态)

  • Confusing present and past tenses (混淆现在时和过去时)
  • Practicing verb conjugation (练习动词变位)

• B. Incorrect pronunciation of ordinal numbers (序数词发音不正确)

  • Paying attention to the -th ending (注意-th结尾)
  • Practicing pronunciation with a partner (与伙伴练习发音)

• C. Misunderstanding the use of prepositions of time (误解时间介词的用法)

  • Understanding the rules for "in," "on," and "at" (理解“in”，“on”和“at”的规则)
  • Using examples and practice exercises (使用示例和练习)

• D. Incorrect word order in questions (提问时语序错误)

  • Remembering the subject-verb inversion (记住主谓倒装)
  • Practicing question formation (练习提问)

VIII. Activities & Exercises (活动与练习)

• A. Gap-filling exercises (填空练习)
• B. Matching exercises (匹配练习)
• C. Role-playing activities (角色扮演活动)
• D. Writing prompts (写作提示)
• E. Listening comprehension quizzes (听力理解测验)
• F. Games (游戏):
  • Who am I? (我是谁？)
  • Timeline creation (时间线创建)
  • Jeopardy-style review (危险边缘风格回顾)