《英语语法大全思维导图》

一、 词法 (Morphology)

• 1. 词类 (Parts of Speech)

  • 1.1 名词 (Nouns)

    • 1.1.1 可数名词 (Countable Nouns)
      • 1.1.1.1 单数 (Singular)
      • 1.1.1.2 复数 (Plural)
        • 规则变化 (Regular)
        • 不规则变化 (Irregular)
    • 1.1.2 不可数名词 (Uncountable Nouns)
      • 抽象名词 (Abstract Nouns)
      • 物质名词 (Material Nouns)
      • 集体名词 (Collective Nouns)
    • 1.1.3 专有名词 (Proper Nouns)
    • 1.1.4 普通名词 (Common Nouns)
    • 1.1.5 所有格 (Possessive Case)
      • 's 所有格
      • of 所有格

  • 1.2 代词 (Pronouns)

    • 1.2.1 人称代词 (Personal Pronouns)
      • 主格 (Subjective)
      • 宾格 (Objective)
      • 所有格 (Possessive)
      • 反身代词 (Reflexive)
    • 1.2.2 指示代词 (Demonstrative Pronouns)
      • This, That, These, Those
    • 1.2.3 疑问代词 (Interrogative Pronouns)
      • Who, Whom, Whose, Which, What
    • 1.2.4 关系代词 (Relative Pronouns)
      • Who, Whom, Whose, Which, That
    • 1.2.5 不定代词 (Indefinite Pronouns)
      • Some, Any, Every, No, One, Other, All, Both, Few, Many, Several, Little, Much
    • 1.2.6 相互代词 (Reciprocal Pronouns)
      • Each other, One another

  • 1.3 动词 (Verbs)

    • 1.3.1 实义动词 (Lexical Verbs)
      • 及物动词 (Transitive Verbs)
      • 不及物动词 (Intransitive Verbs)
      • 系动词 (Linking Verbs)
    • 1.3.2 助动词 (Auxiliary Verbs)
      • Be, Do, Have
    • 1.3.3 情态动词 (Modal Verbs)
      • Can, Could, May, Might, Must, Should, Will, Would, Shall, Ought to
    • 1.3.4 动词的时态 (Tenses)
      • 一般现在时 (Simple Present)
      • 现在进行时 (Present Continuous)
      • 现在完成时 (Present Perfect)
      • 现在完成进行时 (Present Perfect Continuous)
      • 一般过去时 (Simple Past)
      • 过去进行时 (Past Continuous)
      • 过去完成时 (Past Perfect)
      • 过去完成进行时 (Past Perfect Continuous)
      • 一般将来时 (Simple Future)
      • 将来进行时 (Future Continuous)
      • 将来完成时 (Future Perfect)
      • 将来完成进行时 (Future Perfect Continuous)
    • 1.3.5 动词的语态 (Voice)
      • 主动语态 (Active Voice)
      • 被动语态 (Passive Voice)
    • 1.3.6 非谓语动词 (Non-finite Verbs)
      • 不定式 (Infinitive)
      • 动名词 (Gerund)
      • 分词 (Participle)
        • 现在分词 (Present Participle)
        • 过去分词 (Past Participle)

  • 1.4 形容词 (Adjectives)

    • 1.4.1 描述性形容词 (Descriptive Adjectives)
    • 1.4.2 限定性形容词 (Limiting Adjectives)
      • 指示形容词 (Demonstrative Adjectives)
      • 数量形容词 (Numeral Adjectives)
        • 基数词 (Cardinal Numbers)
        • 序数词 (Ordinal Numbers)
      • 疑问形容词 (Interrogative Adjectives)
      • 所有格形容词 (Possessive Adjectives)
    • 1.4.3 形容词的比较级和最高级 (Comparative and Superlative)
      • 规则变化 (Regular)
      • 不规则变化 (Irregular)

  • 1.5 副词 (Adverbs)

    • 1.5.1 时间副词 (Adverbs of Time)
    • 1.5.2 地点副词 (Adverbs of Place)
    • 1.5.3 方式副词 (Adverbs of Manner)
    • 1.5.4 程度副词 (Adverbs of Degree)
    • 1.5.5 频率副词 (Adverbs of Frequency)
    • 1.5.6 疑问副词 (Interrogative Adverbs)
    • 1.5.7 连接副词 (Conjunctive Adverbs)
    • 1.5.8 副词的比较级和最高级 (Comparative and Superlative)
      • 规则变化 (Regular)
      • 不规则变化 (Irregular)

  • 1.6 介词 (Prepositions)

    • 1.6.1 简单介词 (Simple Prepositions)
    • 1.6.2 合成介词 (Compound Prepositions)
    • 1.6.3 短语介词 (Phrasal Prepositions)

  • 1.7 连词 (Conjunctions)

    • 1.7.1 并列连词 (Coordinating Conjunctions)
      • And, But, Or, Nor, For, So, Yet
    • 1.7.2 从属连词 (Subordinating Conjunctions)
      • That, Whether, If, Because, Although, Though, Since, As, When, While, Before, After, Until, Unless

  • 1.8 感叹词 (Interjections)

二、 句法 (Syntax)

• 2. 句子成分 (Sentence Elements)

  • 2.1 主语 (Subject)
  • 2.2 谓语 (Predicate)
  • 2.3 宾语 (Object)
    • 直接宾语 (Direct Object)
    • 间接宾语 (Indirect Object)
    • 宾语补足语 (Object Complement)
  • 2.4 表语 (Predicate Nominative/Predicate Adjective)
  • 2.5 定语 (Attribute)
  • 2.6 状语 (Adverbial)
  • 2.7 同位语 (Appositive)

• 3. 句子类型 (Sentence Types)

  • 3.1 简单句 (Simple Sentence)
  • 3.2 并列句 (Compound Sentence)
  • 3.3 复合句 (Complex Sentence)
    • 3.3.1 名词性从句 (Noun Clause)
      • 主语从句 (Subject Clause)
      • 宾语从句 (Object Clause)
      • 表语从句 (Predicate Clause)
      • 同位语从句 (Appositive Clause)
    • 3.3.2 形容词性从句 (Adjective Clause/Relative Clause)
      • 限制性定语从句 (Restrictive Relative Clause)
      • 非限制性定语从句 (Non-restrictive Relative Clause)
    • 3.3.3 副词性从句 (Adverbial Clause)
      • 时间状语从句 (Adverbial Clause of Time)
      • 地点状语从句 (Adverbial Clause of Place)
      • 原因状语从句 (Adverbial Clause of Cause)
      • 条件状语从句 (Adverbial Clause of Condition)
      • 目的状语从句 (Adverbial Clause of Purpose)
      • 结果状语从句 (Adverbial Clause of Result)
      • 让步状语从句 (Adverbial Clause of Concession)
      • 比较状语从句 (Adverbial Clause of Comparison)
      • 方式状语从句 (Adverbial Clause of Manner)

• 4. 特殊句型 (Special Sentence Structures)

  • 4.1 倒装句 (Inversion)
    • 全部倒装 (Full Inversion)
    • 部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)
  • 4.2 强调句 (Emphasis)
  • 4.3 祈使句 (Imperative Sentence)
  • 4.4 感叹句 (Exclamatory Sentence)
  • 4.5 there be 句型
  • 4.6 主谓一致 (Subject-Verb Agreement)
  • 4.7 虚拟语气 (Subjunctive Mood)

三、 英语写作 (English Writing)

• 5. 写作技巧 (Writing Skills)

  • 5.1 段落结构 (Paragraph Structure)
    • 主题句 (Topic Sentence)
    • 支持句 (Supporting Sentences)
    • 结论句 (Concluding Sentence)
  • 5.2 衔接词 (Transitions)
  • 5.3 修辞手法 (Rhetorical Devices)
  • 5.4 常用句型 (Useful Sentence Patterns)

• 6. 写作类型 (Writing Types)

  • 6.1 议论文 (Argumentative Essay)
  • 6.2 说明文 (Expository Essay)
  • 6.3 记叙文 (Narrative Essay)
  • 6.4 应用文 (Practical Writing)
    • 书信 (Letter)
    • 邮件 (Email)
    • 报告 (Report)
    • 简历 (Resume)
    • 申请信 (Application Letter)

四、 标点符号 (Punctuation)

• 7. 常用标点符号 (Common Punctuation Marks)
  • 7.1 句号 (.) (Period/Full Stop)
  • 7.2 逗号 (,) (Comma)
  • 7.3 问号 (?) (Question Mark)
  • 7.4 叹号 (!) (Exclamation Mark)
  • 7.5 分号 (;) (Semicolon)
  • 7.6 冒号 (:) (Colon)
  • 7.7 引号 (" ") (Quotation Marks)
  • 7.8 撇号 (') (Apostrophe)
  • 7.9 连字符 (-) (Hyphen)
  • 7.10 破折号 (--) (Dash)
  • 7.11 括号 (()) (Parentheses)
  • 7.12 书名号 (« »/<> ) (Book Title Marks)

五、 易错点 (Common Mistakes)

• 8. 语法错误 (Grammatical Errors)
  • 8.1 时态错误 (Tense Errors)
  • 8.2 主谓不一致 (Subject-Verb Disagreement)
  • 8.3 词性误用 (Misuse of Parts of Speech)
  • 8.4 介词误用 (Misuse of Prepositions)
  • 8.5 冠词误用 (Misuse of Articles)
  • 8.6 语态误用 (Misuse of Voice)

六、 学习资源 (Learning Resources)

• 9. 学习工具 (Learning Tools)
  • 9.1 语法书 (Grammar Books)
  • 9.2 在线语法检查工具 (Online Grammar Checkers)
  • 9.3 词典 (Dictionaries)
  • 9.4 练习册 (Workbooks)