animals英语思维导图
《Animals英语思维导图》
一、 Mammals (哺乳动物)
1.1. Characteristics (特征)
- Warm-blooded (温血动物)
- Have fur/hair (有毛发)
- Give birth to live young (胎生)
- Produce milk to feed young (哺乳)
- Breathe air with lungs (用肺呼吸)
1.2. Examples (例子)
- Domestic Animals (家畜)
- Dog (狗): Breeds (品种 - e.g., Labrador, Bulldog, Poodle), Traits (特征 - e.g., loyal, friendly, energetic), Uses (用途 - e.g., pet, guard dog, service dog)
- Cat (猫): Breeds (品种 - e.g., Persian, Siamese, Maine Coon), Traits (特征 - e.g., independent, playful, affectionate), Uses (用途 - e.g., pet, pest control)
- Cow (牛): Breeds (品种 - e.g., Holstein, Angus, Jersey), Products (产品 - e.g., milk, beef, leather), Habitat (栖息地 - e.g., farm, pasture)
- Horse (马): Breeds (品种 - e.g., Arabian, Thoroughbred, Clydesdale), Uses (用途 - e.g., riding, racing, farm work), Diet (饮食 - e.g., hay, grass, grains)
- Pig (猪): Breeds (品种 - e.g., Yorkshire, Duroc, Hampshire), Products (产品 - e.g., pork, bacon, ham), Intelligence (智力 - e.g., intelligent, trainable)
- Lion (狮子): Habitat (栖息地 - e.g., savanna, grassland), Diet (饮食 - e.g., carnivore, zebra, wildebeest), Social Structure (社会结构 - e.g., pride)
- Elephant (大象): Habitat (栖息地 - e.g., savanna, forest), Diet (饮食 - e.g., herbivore, leaves, fruit), Characteristics (特征 - e.g., trunk, tusks)
- Giraffe (长颈鹿): Habitat (栖息地 - e.g., savanna), Diet (饮食 - e.g., herbivore, leaves), Adaptations (适应性 - e.g., long neck)
- Bear (熊): Types (种类 - e.g., Grizzly, Black, Polar), Habitat (栖息地 - e.g., forest, tundra), Diet (饮食 - e.g., omnivore, fish, berries)
- Monkey (猴子): Types (种类 - e.g., Chimpanzee, Gorilla, Macaque), Habitat (栖息地 - e.g., forest, jungle), Diet (饮食 - e.g., omnivore, fruit, insects)
- Whale (鲸): Types (种类 - e.g., Blue Whale, Humpback Whale), Diet (饮食 - e.g., krill, plankton), Migration (迁徙)
- Dolphin (海豚): Intelligence (智力), Communication (交流), Social Behavior (社会行为)
- Seal (海豹): Habitat (栖息地 - e.g., arctic, coastal), Diet (饮食 - e.g., fish, squid), Adaptations (适应性 - e.g., blubber)
二、 Birds (鸟类)
2.1. Characteristics (特征)
- Feathers (羽毛)
- Wings (翅膀)
- Lay eggs (卵生)
- Hollow bones (空心骨)
- Beaks (喙)
2.2. Examples (例子)
- Birds of Prey (猛禽)
- Eagle (鹰): Sight (视力), Hunting (狩猎), Symbolism (象征意义)
- Hawk (隼): Speed (速度), Agility (敏捷), Migration (迁徙)
- Owl (猫头鹰): Nocturnal (夜间活动), Hearing (听力), Camouflage (伪装)
- Duck (鸭子): Swimming (游泳), Diving (潜水), Diet (饮食 - e.g., aquatic plants, insects)
- Swan (天鹅): Graceful (优雅), Territorial (领地意识), Migration (迁徙)
- Penguin (企鹅): Flightless (不会飞), Adaptation (适应性 - e.g., cold climates), Social behavior (社会行为)
- Robin (知更鸟): Song (歌声), Nesting (筑巢), Diet (饮食 - e.g., worms, berries)
- Sparrow (麻雀): Common (常见), Adaptable (适应性强), Social (群居)
- Canary (金丝雀): Song (歌声), Colors (颜色), Pet (宠物)
三、 Reptiles (爬行动物)
3.1. Characteristics (特征)
- Scales (鳞片)
- Cold-blooded (冷血动物)
- Lay eggs (卵生 - some exceptions)
- Breathe air with lungs (用肺呼吸)
3.2. Examples (例子)
- Snake (蛇): Types (种类 - e.g., Cobra, Python, Rattlesnake), Venom (毒液), Movement (运动)
- Lizard (蜥蜴): Types (种类 - e.g., Chameleon, Gecko, Iguana), Camouflage (伪装), Diet (饮食 - e.g., insects)
- Turtle (乌龟): Shell (壳), Longevity (长寿), Habitat (栖息地 - e.g., land, water)
- Crocodile (鳄鱼): Habitat (栖息地 - e.g., rivers, swamps), Ambush Predator (伏击型捕食者), Powerful Jaws (有力的下颚)
四、 Amphibians (两栖动物)
4.1. Characteristics (特征)
- Smooth, moist skin (光滑湿润的皮肤)
- Cold-blooded (冷血动物)
- Live in water and on land (水陆两栖)
- Metamorphosis (变态发育 - e.g., tadpole to frog)
4.2. Examples (例子)
- Frog (青蛙): Life Cycle (生命周期), Habitat (栖息地 - e.g., ponds, wetlands), Diet (饮食 - e.g., insects)
- Toad (蟾蜍): Skin (皮肤 - e.g., bumpy), Terrestrial (陆生), Diet (饮食 - e.g., insects)
- Salamander (蝾螈): Appearance (外观), Habitat (栖息地 - e.g., streams, forests), Regeneration (再生能力)
五、 Fish (鱼类)
5.1. Characteristics (特征)
- Live in water (生活在水中)
- Gills (鳃)
- Scales (鳞片)
- Fins (鳍)
- Cold-blooded (冷血动物)
5.2. Examples (例子)
- Saltwater Fish (海水鱼): Shark (鲨鱼), Tuna (金枪鱼), Clownfish (小丑鱼)
- Freshwater Fish (淡水鱼): Trout (鳟鱼), Carp (鲤鱼), Bass (鲈鱼)
- Types of Fins (鳍的种类): Dorsal Fin (背鳍), Caudal Fin (尾鳍), Pectoral Fin (胸鳍)
六、 Insects (昆虫)
6.1. Characteristics (特征)
- Six legs (六条腿)
- Three body sections (三个身体部分 - head, thorax, abdomen)
- Antennae (触角)
- Exoskeleton (外骨骼)
6.2. Examples (例子)
- Bees (蜜蜂): Honey (蜂蜜), Pollination (授粉), Social Structure (社会结构 - e.g., hive)
- Ants (蚂蚁): Colonies (群体), Strength (力量), Communication (交流)
- Butterflies (蝴蝶): Metamorphosis (变态发育 - e.g., caterpillar to butterfly), Beauty (美丽), Pollination (授粉)
- Mosquitoes (蚊子): Disease (疾病), Bites (叮咬), Life Cycle (生命周期)
七、 Other Invertebrates (其他无脊椎动物)
7.1. Examples (例子)
- Spider (蜘蛛): Eight legs (八条腿), Web (网), Diet (饮食 - e.g., insects)
- Crab (螃蟹): Shell (壳), Claws (爪子), Habitat (栖息地 - e.g., ocean, beach)
- Jellyfish (水母): Tentacles (触须), Sting (蛰), Habitat (栖息地 - e.g., ocean)
- Worm (蠕虫): Types (种类 - e.g., Earthworm, Tapeworm), Soil (土壤), Parasite (寄生虫)
八、 Animal Habitats (动物栖息地)
- Forest (森林)
- Grassland (草原)
- Desert (沙漠)
- Ocean (海洋)
- Arctic (北极)
- Rainforest (热带雨林)
- Mountains (山脉)
- Freshwater (淡水 - lakes, rivers, ponds)
九、 Animal Diets (动物的饮食)
- Herbivore (草食动物): Plants (植物)
- Carnivore (肉食动物): Meat (肉)
- Omnivore (杂食动物): Plants and Meat (植物和肉)
- Insectivore (食虫动物): Insects (昆虫)
- Frugivore (食果动物): Fruits (水果)
十、 Animal Behaviors (动物行为)
- Migration (迁徙)
- Hibernation (冬眠)
- Hunting (狩猎)
- Mating (交配)
- Communication (交流)
- Social behavior (社会行为)
- Defense mechanisms (防御机制 - e.g., camouflage, mimicry)
十一、 Conservation (保护)
- Endangered species (濒危物种)
- Habitat loss (栖息地丧失)
- Pollution (污染)
- Climate change (气候变化)
- Conservation efforts (保护措施)
- Protected areas (保护区)
十二、 Animal Sounds (动物的声音)
- Bark (狗叫)
- Meow (猫叫)
- Roar (吼叫)
- Chirp (鸟鸣)
- Hiss (嘶嘶声)
- Croak (蛙鸣)
