《colour思维导图英语》
核心概念：颜色词汇的体系化学习与应用
思维导图中心：COLOUR (颜色)
主分支1：基础颜色 (Basic Colours)
- 红色 (Red):
- 词汇扩展: scarlet, crimson, ruby, cherry, maroon, burgundy, vermilion, brick red, blood red
- 象征意义: love, passion, anger, danger, excitement, energy
- 短语搭配: see red (发怒), red tape (繁文缛节), in the red (亏损), paint the town red (狂欢), red-handed (当场抓获)
- 文化联想: Red envelopes (红包), Red Cross (红十字会), Communist (共产主义)
- 实际应用: "The sunset painted the sky in shades of red and orange." "She was seeing red after the argument."
- 黄色 (Yellow):
- 词汇扩展: gold, lemon, amber, saffron, canary, sunshine yellow, mustard, maize
- 象征意义: happiness, optimism, energy, cowardice, caution
- 短语搭配: yellow journalism (煽动性新闻), yellow-bellied (胆小的), golden opportunity (黄金机会), the yellow brick road (通往梦想的道路)
- 文化联想: Yellow taxis (出租车), Yellow Star (纳粹时期犹太人标志)
- 实际应用: "The sunflowers displayed their yellow faces to the sun." "He was accused of yellow journalism."
- 蓝色 (Blue):
- 词汇扩展: azure, sapphire, navy, turquoise, cyan, indigo, sky blue, royal blue, cornflower blue
- 象征意义: peace, calmness, stability, sadness, trust, authority
- 短语搭配: feeling blue (感到沮丧), out of the blue (突然地), once in a blue moon (千载难逢), true blue (忠诚的), blue-collar (蓝领)
- 文化联想: Blue jeans (牛仔裤), Blue state (民主党控制州), police (蓝制服)
- 实际应用: "The ocean stretched out before them in shades of blue." "She was feeling blue after the breakup."
- 绿色 (Green):
- 词汇扩展: emerald, lime, olive, forest green, jade, mint, chartreuse, viridian
- 象征意义: nature, growth, harmony, jealousy, inexperience, money
- 短语搭配: green with envy (嫉妒), give the green light (批准), green thumb (园艺技巧), the grass is always greener (这山望着那山高)
- 文化联想: Green energy (绿色能源), St. Patrick's Day (圣帕特里克节)
- 实际应用: "The grass was lush and green after the rain." "He was green with envy when he saw her new car."
- 橙色 (Orange):
- 词汇扩展: tangerine, amber, coral, peach, rust, burnt orange, carrot
- 象征意义: energy, enthusiasm, warmth, creativity, harvest
- 短语搭配: orange peel (橘子皮), orange juice (橙汁)
- 文化联想: Orange County (美国富裕地区)
- 实际应用: "The sky was a fiery orange at sunset." "She was wearing an orange dress."
- 紫色 (Purple):
- 词汇扩展: violet, lavender, amethyst, plum, lilac, mauve, magenta
- 象征意义: royalty, luxury, wisdom, creativity, mystery, magic
- 短语搭配: born to the purple (出身高贵)
- 文化联想: Purple Heart (美国军功勋章)
- 实际应用: "The flowers were a delicate shade of purple." "She wore a purple gown to the ball."
主分支2：其他颜色 (Other Colours)
- 白色 (White):
- 词汇扩展: ivory, cream, pearl, snow white, bone, alabaster
- 象征意义: purity, innocence, cleanliness, peace, surrender
- 短语搭配: white lie (善意的谎言), white as a sheet (脸色苍白), white elephant (昂贵但无用的东西), whitewash (掩盖)
- 文化联想: White wedding dress (白色婚纱), White flag (白旗)
- 实际应用: "The snow was white and glistening." "He told a white lie to spare her feelings."
- 黑色 (Black):
- 词汇扩展: ebony, charcoal, jet, midnight, onyx, pitch black
- 象征意义: power, elegance, mystery, death, evil, formality
- 短语搭配: in the black (盈利), black sheep (害群之马), black market (黑市), black and white (黑白分明), blackmail (敲诈)
- 文化联想: Black suit (黑色西装), Black Friday (黑色星期五)
- 实际应用: "The night was dark and black." "He was the black sheep of the family."
- 灰色 (Grey/Gray):
- 词汇扩展: silver, slate, charcoal, ash, dove grey, mouse grey
- 象征意义: neutrality, balance, ambiguity, sadness, age
- 短语搭配: area of grey (灰色地带), grey matter (脑力), paint something in shades of grey (不作明确判断)
- 文化联想: Grey hair (白发)
- 实际应用: "The sky was overcast and grey." "There's a lot of grey area in this situation."
- 棕色 (Brown):
- 词汇扩展: chocolate, coffee, chestnut, mahogany, rust, tan, beige
- 象征意义: earth, stability, simplicity, comfort, reliability
- 短语搭配: brown-nose (拍马屁), brown study (沉思)
- 文化联想: Brown bread (全麦面包)
- 实际应用: "The leaves had turned brown and were falling from the trees." "He was wearing a brown jacket."
- 粉色 (Pink):
- 词汇扩展: rose, blush, salmon, fuchsia, magenta, coral pink, hot pink
- 象征意义: love, sweetness, innocence, femininity
- 短语搭配: in the pink (健康状况良好)
- 文化联想: Pink ribbon (乳腺癌防治标志)
- 实际应用: "The cherry blossoms were a delicate shade of pink." "She was wearing a pink dress."
主分支3：颜色形容词的应用 (Applications of Colour Adjectives)
- 描述外貌 (Describing Appearance): hair colour (发色), eye colour (眼色), skin tone (肤色), clothing colour (服装颜色)
- 例句： "She has blonde hair and blue eyes." "He was wearing a dark blue suit."
- 描述物体 (Describing Objects): car colour (汽车颜色), house colour (房屋颜色), furniture colour (家具颜色)
- 例句： "They live in a white house with a blue roof." "The car is a bright red convertible."
- 描述心情和情感 (Describing Moods and Emotions): feeling blue (感到沮丧), seeing red (发怒)
- 例句： "She was feeling blue after failing the exam." "He saw red when he heard the news."
- 描述天气 (Describing Weather): grey skies (阴沉的天空), blue skies (晴朗的天空)
- 例句: "The sky was a clear blue after the storm." "The grey skies threatened rain."
- 比喻用法 (Figurative Language): painting the town red (狂欢), green with envy (嫉妒)
- 例句: "They decided to paint the town red to celebrate their victory." "He was green with envy when he saw her new car."
主分支4：颜色的文化意义 (Cultural Significance of Colours)
- 不同文化对颜色的象征意义差异 (Differences in colour symbolism across cultures): 红色在中国代表喜庆，在西方代表危险。 白色在西方代表纯洁，在东方代表丧事。
- 颜色与宗教的联系 (Colour and religion): 佛教的黄色，基督教的紫色。
- 颜色与政治的联系 (Colour and politics): 各国国旗的颜色，不同政治派别的代表色。
主分支5：提高色彩词汇的方法 (Methods to Improve Colour Vocabulary)
- 视觉学习 (Visual Learning): 看图识色，利用色彩丰富的图片、照片、绘画作品等来学习颜色词汇。
- 语境学习 (Contextual Learning): 在具体的语境中学习颜色词汇，例如阅读描述场景、人物、物品的文章。
- 联想记忆 (Association Memory): 将颜色词汇与具体的物品、场景、情感等联系起来进行记忆。
- 制作颜色卡片 (Creating Colour Cards): 制作带有颜色和对应英文单词的卡片，随时复习。
- 颜色主题日记 (Colour-themed Journal): 每天记录观察到的不同颜色，并用英文描述。
通过这种思维导图的方式学习颜色词汇，不仅可以系统地掌握各种颜色的英文表达，还可以深入了解颜色的象征意义和文化内涵，从而更有效地提高英语语言运用能力。