《七上英语四单元Where is my schoolbag?思维导图》

中心主题：Where is my schoolbag?

I. 词汇 (Vocabulary)

• A. 地点方位词 (Prepositions of place):
  • on: 在…上面 (e.g., on the table)
    • 用法解释：用于物体表面接触。
    • 例句：The book is on the desk.
  • in: 在…里面 (e.g., in the box)
    • 用法解释：用于物体内部空间。
    • 例句：The pen is in the pencil case.
  • under: 在…下面 (e.g., under the chair)
    • 用法解释：用于物体正下方，有遮盖关系。
    • 例句：The cat is under the chair.
  • near: 在…附近 (e.g., near the window)
    • 用法解释：表示距离较近但不直接接触。
    • 例句：The library is near the school.
  • behind: 在…后面 (e.g., behind the door)
    • 用法解释：表示物体在另一个物体的后面，被遮挡。
    • 例句：The blackboard is behind the teacher.
  • next to: 在…旁边 (e.g., next to the bed)
    • 用法解释：表示物体紧挨着另一个物体。
    • 例句：The table is next to the sofa.
  • in front of: 在…前面 (e.g., in front of the TV)
    • 用法解释：表示物体在另一个物体的前面，对着。
    • 例句：The car is in front of the house.
  • between: 在…之间 (e.g., between the books)
    • 用法解释：表示物体在两个物体之间。
    • 例句：The pen is between the two books.
• B. 物品名词 (Nouns of objects):
  • schoolbag: 书包
  • bed: 床
  • table: 桌子
  • chair: 椅子
  • desk: 课桌
  • sofa: 沙发
  • books: 书籍
  • keys: 钥匙
  • photo: 照片
  • CD: 光盘
  • stereo: 音响
  • things: 东西

II. 语法 (Grammar)

• A. 一般疑问句 (General Questions):
  • Is it…? (它是…吗？)
    • 例句：Is it on the desk?
    • 肯定回答：Yes, it is.
    • 否定回答：No, it isn't.
  • Are they…? (它们是…吗？)
    • 例句：Are they under the bed?
    • 肯定回答：Yes, they are.
    • 否定回答：No, they aren't.
• B. 特殊疑问句 (Wh- Questions):
  • Where is…? (…在哪里？)
    • 例句：Where is the schoolbag?
    • 回答：It’s on the table.
  • Where are…? (…在哪里？)
    • 例句：Where are my keys?
    • 回答：They’re in the drawer.
• C. 指示代词 (Demonstrative Pronouns):
  • this: 这个 (指靠近说话人的单数物品)
    • 例句：This is my book.
  • that: 那个 (指远离说话人的单数物品)
    • 例句：That is your pen.
  • these: 这些 (指靠近说话人的复数物品)
    • 例句：These are my pencils.
  • those: 那些 (指远离说话人的复数物品)
    • 例句：Those are your rulers.
• D. 动词 be (Verb be):
  • is (am, are) + 地点方位词 + 名词/代词
    • 例句：The book is on the table. I am in the room. They are near the door.

III. 句型 (Sentence Structures)

• A. 陈述句 (Declarative Sentences):
  • My schoolbag is on the bed.
  • The keys are under the sofa.
  • The book is in the schoolbag.
• B. 疑问句 (Interrogative Sentences):
  • Where is my schoolbag? It’s under the chair.
  • Is it on the desk? Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t.
  • Are they in the box? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.
• C. 祈使句 (Imperative Sentences):
  • Look under the bed.
  • Check in your schoolbag.
  • Look behind the door.

IV. 功能 (Functions)

• A. 询问物品的位置 (Asking about the location of things):
  • Where is…?
  • Can you find…?
  • Have you seen…?
• B. 描述物品的位置 (Describing the location of things):
  • It's on/in/under/near/behind/next to/in front of/between…
• C. 寻找丢失物品 (Looking for lost items):
  • I can’t find my…
  • Have you seen my…?
  • Let’s look for it.

V. 场景 (Scenarios)

• A. 家居环境 (Home Environment):
  • 寻找书包、钥匙、书籍等在家中的位置。
  • 描述家具的位置关系。
• B. 教室环境 (Classroom Environment):
  • 寻找文具、书本在教室中的位置。
  • 描述教室物品的摆放。
• C. 询问朋友的物品位置 (Asking friends about the location of their items):
  • 帮助朋友寻找丢失的物品。

VI. 扩展 (Extension)

• A. 拓展方位词汇 (Expanding vocabulary of prepositions):
  • above (在…上方，不直接接触)
  • below (在…下方，不直接接触)
  • around (在…周围)
  • through (穿过)
• B. 拓展物品名称 (Expanding vocabulary of objects):
  • remote control (遥控器)
  • clock (钟)
  • lamp (灯)
  • plant (植物)
• C. 拓展对话场景 (Expanding conversation scenarios):
  • 在图书馆寻找书籍
  • 在商店寻找商品

VII. 文化背景 (Cultural Background)

• A. 西方家庭的常见物品摆放习惯 (Common placement habits of items in Western families):
  • 了解西方家庭的客厅、卧室等常见物品的摆放。
• B. 不同国家的学生书包文化 (Schoolbag culture in different countries):
  • 了解不同国家学生书包的款式、材质和用途。

VIII. 练习 (Practice)

• A. 填空练习 (Fill-in-the-blanks):
  • The cat is ___ the table. (under)
  • The books are ___ the schoolbag. (in)
• B. 问答练习 (Question and answer):
  • Where is your pen? It’s ___ my desk. (on)
  • Are the keys in your bag? ___, they aren’t. (No)
• C. 情景对话练习 (Situational dialogue):
  • 模拟寻找书包、钥匙等物品的对话。
• D. 描述物品位置的练习 (Describing the location of objects):
  • 看图说话，描述图片中物品的位置。

IX. 总结 (Summary)

• A. 掌握地点方位词的用法 (Master the usage of prepositions of place).
• B. 能够运用一般疑问句和特殊疑问句询问物品的位置 (Be able to use general and special questions to ask about the location of objects).
• C. 能够用英语描述物品的位置 (Be able to describe the location of objects in English).
• D. 能够在日常生活中运用所学知识 (Be able to apply the learned knowledge in daily life).