英语家庭成员思维导图

# 《英语家庭成员思维导图》

## 1. 核心：Family (家庭)

*   **Definition:** A group of one or more parents and their children living together as a unit.

*   **Importance:** The foundation of society, providing love, support, and a sense of belonging.

## 2. 核心家庭 (Nuclear Family)

*   **Parents:**
    *   **Mother:** (妈咪)
        *   *Synonyms:* Mom, Mummy (UK), Mama
        *   *Roles:* Nurturer, caregiver, provider.
        *   *Related Terms:* Motherly, maternal, motherhood.
    *   **Father:** (爸爸)
        *   *Synonyms:* Dad, Daddy, Papa
        *   *Roles:* Provider, protector, role model.
        *   *Related Terms:* Fatherly, paternal, fatherhood.

*   **Children:**
    *   **Son:** (儿子)
        *   *Distinguishing Characteristics:* Male offspring.
        *   *Related Terms:* Sonship.
    *   **Daughter:** (女儿)
        *   *Distinguishing Characteristics:* Female offspring.
        *   *Related Terms:* Daughterly.
    *   **Child (单数) / Children (复数):** (孩子)
        *   *Related Terms:* Childhood, childish, childlike.

*   **Siblings (兄弟姐妹):**
    *   **Brother:** (哥哥/弟弟)
        *   *Older Brother:* Elder brother
        *   *Younger Brother:* Younger brother
        *   *Related Terms:* Brotherly, brotherhood.
    *   **Sister:** (姐姐/妹妹)
        *   *Older Sister:* Elder sister
        *   *Younger Sister:* Younger sister
        *   *Related Terms:* Sisterly, sisterhood.
    *   **Twin:** (双胞胎)
        *   *Identical Twins:* (同卵双胞胎) Share the same DNA.
        *   *Fraternal Twins:* (异卵双胞胎) No more genetically similar than any other siblings.

## 3. 延伸家庭 (Extended Family)

*   **Grandparents (祖父母/外祖父母):**
    *   **Grandmother:** (奶奶/外婆)
        *   *Paternal Grandmother:* (奶奶) Father's mother.
        *   *Maternal Grandmother:* (外婆) Mother's mother.
        *   *Synonyms:* Grandma, Granny, Nana
        *   *Roles:* Wisdom, support, family history.
    *   **Grandfather:** (爷爷/外公)
        *   *Paternal Grandfather:* (爷爷) Father's father.
        *   *Maternal Grandfather:* (外公) Mother's father.
        *   *Synonyms:* Grandpa, Granddad, Pop
        *   *Roles:* Wisdom, experience, storytelling.

*   **Aunts and Uncles (姑姑/叔叔/阿姨/舅舅):**
    *   **Aunt:** (姑姑/阿姨)
        *   *Paternal Aunt:* (姑姑) Father's sister.
        *   *Maternal Aunt:* (阿姨) Mother's sister.
        *   *Aunt-in-law:* (舅妈/婶婶/姨夫/姑父 配偶的姐妹)
    *   **Uncle:** (叔叔/舅舅)
        *   *Paternal Uncle:* (叔叔) Father's brother.
        *   *Maternal Uncle:* (舅舅) Mother's brother.
        *   *Uncle-in-law:* (岳父/公公 配偶的兄弟)

*   **Cousins (堂/表兄弟姐妹):**
    *   *Definition:* The children of your aunts and uncles.
    *   *First Cousin:* (堂/表兄弟姐妹) The children of your parent's siblings.
    *   *Second Cousin:* Your parent's cousin's children.
    *   *Cousin-in-law:* Your spouse's cousin, or the spouse of your cousin.

*   **Nieces and Nephews (侄女/外甥女, 侄子/外甥):**
    *   **Niece:** (侄女/外甥女) Your sibling's daughter.
    *   **Nephew:** (侄子/外甥) Your sibling's son.

## 4. 婚姻关系 (Marital Relationships)

*   **Husband:** (丈夫) A married man.
*   **Wife:** (妻子) A married woman.
*   **Spouse:** (配偶) Husband or wife.
*   **In-laws (姻亲):** Family members by marriage.
    *   **Father-in-law:** (岳父/公公) Your spouse's father.
    *   **Mother-in-law:** (岳母/婆婆) Your spouse's mother.
    *   **Brother-in-law:** (姐夫/妹夫/小舅子/大舅子) Your spouse's brother or your sibling's husband.
    *   **Sister-in-law:** (嫂子/弟媳/小姑子/大姑子) Your spouse's sister or your sibling's wife.
    *   **Son-in-law:** (女婿) Your daughter's husband.
    *   **Daughter-in-law:** (儿媳) Your son's wife.
*   **Divorced (离婚):**
    *   **Ex-husband:** (前夫) A man who was previously married to someone.
    *   **Ex-wife:** (前妻) A woman who was previously married to someone.

## 5. 法律关系 (Legal Relationships)

*   **Adopted Child:** (养子/养女) A child legally taken into a family and raised as their own.
*   **Foster Parent:** (养父母) A person who provides a temporary home for a child who is not their biological child.
*   **Guardian:** (监护人) A person legally responsible for the care of a child.
*   **Stepfamily (继亲家庭):** A family formed after the remarriage of a parent.
    *   **Stepmother:** (继母) The woman who is married to your father but is not your biological mother.
    *   **Stepfather:** (继父) The man who is married to your mother but is not your biological father.
    *   **Stepsister:** (继姐妹) The daughter of your stepparent.
    *   **Stepbrother:** (继兄弟) The son of your stepparent.
    *   **Stepchildren:** (继子女) Children of a spouse by a previous marriage.
    *   **Half-sibling (同父异母/同母异父的兄弟姐妹):** A sibling who shares only one parent.

## 6. 家庭动态 (Family Dynamics)

*   **Family Tree:** (家谱) A diagram showing the relationships between family members over generations.
*   **Family Reunion:** (家庭聚会) A gathering of family members.
*   **Family Values:** (家庭价值观) The beliefs and principles that are considered important within a family.
*   **Family Traditions:** (家庭传统) Customs and rituals passed down through generations.
*   **Generations:** (世代) A group of people born and living during the same time.
*   **Descendant:** (后代) A person who is descended from a particular ancestor.
*   **Ancestor:** (祖先) A person from whom one is descended.

## 7. 常用短语 (Common Phrases)

*   "Blood is thicker than water." (血浓于水)
*   "Like father, like son." (有其父必有其子)
*   "The apple doesn't fall far from the tree." (近朱者赤，近墨者黑) (类似有其父必有其子)
*   "Home is where the heart is." (家是心之所在)
*   "Family comes first." (家庭第一)

## 8. 文化差异 (Cultural Differences)

*   Family structures and roles can vary significantly across different cultures. Some cultures emphasize extended family relationships, while others prioritize the nuclear family.  Some cultures have specific names for certain relatives that do not exist in English.
*   Collectivist vs. Individualistic cultures impact family dynamics. Collectivist cultures prioritize the needs of the family over the individual, while individualistic cultures emphasize personal autonomy.
*   Family size varies greatly across cultures due to factors such as religion, economic conditions, and access to birth control.

## 9. 现代家庭 (Modern Families)

*   **Single-parent families:** (单亲家庭) A family with only one parent.
*   **Same-sex parent families:** (同性家庭) Families with two parents of the same sex.
*   **Blended families:** (重组家庭) Families formed when single parents with children remarry.
*   **Childless families:** (丁克家庭) Couples who choose not to have children.
*   **Grandparent-led families:** (祖父母主导的家庭) Grandparents raising their grandchildren.

《英语家庭成员思维导图》

1. 核心：Family (家庭)

Definition: A group of one or more parents and their children living together as a unit.
Importance: The foundation of society, providing love, support, and a sense of belonging.

2. 核心家庭 (Nuclear Family)

Parents:
- Mother: (妈咪)
  - Synonyms: Mom, Mummy (UK), Mama
  - Roles: Nurturer, caregiver, provider.
  - Related Terms: Motherly, maternal, motherhood.
- Father: (爸爸)
  - Synonyms: Dad, Daddy, Papa
  - Roles: Provider, protector, role model.
  - Related Terms: Fatherly, paternal, fatherhood.
Children:
- Son: (儿子)
  - Distinguishing Characteristics: Male offspring.
  - Related Terms: Sonship.
- Daughter: (女儿)
  - Distinguishing Characteristics: Female offspring.
  - Related Terms: Daughterly.
- Child (单数) / Children (复数): (孩子)
  - Related Terms: Childhood, childish, childlike.
Siblings (兄弟姐妹):
- Brother: (哥哥/弟弟)
  - Older Brother: Elder brother
  - Younger Brother: Younger brother
  - Related Terms: Brotherly, brotherhood.
- Sister: (姐姐/妹妹)
  - Older Sister: Elder sister
  - Younger Sister: Younger sister
  - Related Terms: Sisterly, sisterhood.
- Twin: (双胞胎)
  - Identical Twins: (同卵双胞胎) Share the same DNA.
  - Fraternal Twins: (异卵双胞胎) No more genetically similar than any other siblings.

3. 延伸家庭 (Extended Family)

Grandparents (祖父母/外祖父母):
- Grandmother: (奶奶/外婆)
  - Paternal Grandmother: (奶奶) Father's mother.
  - Maternal Grandmother: (外婆) Mother's mother.
  - Synonyms: Grandma, Granny, Nana
  - Roles: Wisdom, support, family history.
- Grandfather: (爷爷/外公)
  - Paternal Grandfather: (爷爷) Father's father.
  - Maternal Grandfather: (外公) Mother's father.
  - Synonyms: Grandpa, Granddad, Pop
  - Roles: Wisdom, experience, storytelling.
Aunts and Uncles (姑姑/叔叔/阿姨/舅舅):
- Aunt: (姑姑/阿姨)
  - Paternal Aunt: (姑姑) Father's sister.
  - Maternal Aunt: (阿姨) Mother's sister.
  - Aunt-in-law: (舅妈/婶婶/姨夫/姑父配偶的姐妹)
- Uncle: (叔叔/舅舅)
  - Paternal Uncle: (叔叔) Father's brother.
  - Maternal Uncle: (舅舅) Mother's brother.
  - Uncle-in-law: (岳父/公公配偶的兄弟)
Cousins (堂/表兄弟姐妹):
- Definition: The children of your aunts and uncles.
- First Cousin: (堂/表兄弟姐妹) The children of your parent's siblings.
- Second Cousin: Your parent's cousin's children.
- Cousin-in-law: Your spouse's cousin, or the spouse of your cousin.
Nieces and Nephews (侄女/外甥女, 侄子/外甥):
- Niece: (侄女/外甥女) Your sibling's daughter.
- Nephew: (侄子/外甥) Your sibling's son.

4. 婚姻关系 (Marital Relationships)

Husband: (丈夫) A married man.
Wife: (妻子) A married woman.
Spouse: (配偶) Husband or wife.
In-laws (姻亲): Family members by marriage.
- Father-in-law: (岳父/公公) Your spouse's father.
- Mother-in-law: (岳母/婆婆) Your spouse's mother.
- Brother-in-law: (姐夫/妹夫/小舅子/大舅子) Your spouse's brother or your sibling's husband.
- Sister-in-law: (嫂子/弟媳/小姑子/大姑子) Your spouse's sister or your sibling's wife.
- Son-in-law: (女婿) Your daughter's husband.
- Daughter-in-law: (儿媳) Your son's wife.
Divorced (离婚):
- Ex-husband: (前夫) A man who was previously married to someone.
- Ex-wife: (前妻) A woman who was previously married to someone.

5. 法律关系 (Legal Relationships)

Adopted Child: (养子/养女) A child legally taken into a family and raised as their own.
Foster Parent: (养父母) A person who provides a temporary home for a child who is not their biological child.
Guardian: (监护人) A person legally responsible for the care of a child.
Stepfamily (继亲家庭): A family formed after the remarriage of a parent.
- Stepmother: (继母) The woman who is married to your father but is not your biological mother.
- Stepfather: (继父) The man who is married to your mother but is not your biological father.
- Stepsister: (继姐妹) The daughter of your stepparent.
- Stepbrother: (继兄弟) The son of your stepparent.
- Stepchildren: (继子女) Children of a spouse by a previous marriage.
- Half-sibling (同父异母/同母异父的兄弟姐妹): A sibling who shares only one parent.

6. 家庭动态 (Family Dynamics)

Family Tree: (家谱) A diagram showing the relationships between family members over generations.
Family Reunion: (家庭聚会) A gathering of family members.
Family Values: (家庭价值观) The beliefs and principles that are considered important within a family.
Family Traditions: (家庭传统) Customs and rituals passed down through generations.
Generations: (世代) A group of people born and living during the same time.
Descendant: (后代) A person who is descended from a particular ancestor.
Ancestor: (祖先) A person from whom one is descended.

7. 常用短语 (Common Phrases)

"Blood is thicker than water." (血浓于水)
"Like father, like son." (有其父必有其子)
"The apple doesn't fall far from the tree." (近朱者赤，近墨者黑) (类似有其父必有其子)
"Home is where the heart is." (家是心之所在)
"Family comes first." (家庭第一)

8. 文化差异 (Cultural Differences)

Family structures and roles can vary significantly across different cultures. Some cultures emphasize extended family relationships, while others prioritize the nuclear family. Some cultures have specific names for certain relatives that do not exist in English.
Collectivist vs. Individualistic cultures impact family dynamics. Collectivist cultures prioritize the needs of the family over the individual, while individualistic cultures emphasize personal autonomy.
Family size varies greatly across cultures due to factors such as religion, economic conditions, and access to birth control.

9. 现代家庭 (Modern Families)

Single-parent families: (单亲家庭) A family with only one parent.
Same-sex parent families: (同性家庭) Families with two parents of the same sex.
Blended families: (重组家庭) Families formed when single parents with children remarry.
Childless families: (丁克家庭) Couples who choose not to have children.
Grandparent-led families: (祖父母主导的家庭) Grandparents raising their grandchildren.

上一个主题：西游记思维导图下一个主题：英语思维导图六年级模板