《八上英语思维导图1~2》

Unit 1: What's the matter?

I. Vocabulary & Phrases

• A. Health Problems:

  • Headache: (n.) 头痛
    • Related phrases: a splitting headache, have a headache
    • Example: I have a terrible headache after staring at the computer all day.
  • Stomachache: (n.) 胃痛
    • Related phrases: a bad stomachache, have a stomachache
    • Example: Eating too much greasy food gave me a stomachache.
  • Toothache: (n.) 牙痛
    • Related phrases: a painful toothache, have a toothache
    • Example: He couldn't sleep because he had a toothache.
  • Fever: (n.) 发烧
    • Related phrases: have a fever, a high fever, a low fever
    • Example: The doctor said she had a fever of 39 degrees Celsius.
  • Cough: (v./n.) 咳嗽
    • Related phrases: have a cough, a bad cough, cough medicine
    • Example: The cold caused him to have a persistent cough.
  • Sore throat: (n.) 喉咙痛
    • Related phrases: have a sore throat, a painful sore throat
    • Example: She had a sore throat after singing for hours.
  • Cold: (n.) 感冒
    • Related phrases: have a cold, catch a cold, a bad cold
    • Example: He caught a cold after being caught in the rain.
  • Flu: (n.) 流感
    • Related phrases: have the flu, catch the flu, flu shot
    • Example: Many people get the flu during the winter months.
  • Runny nose: (n.) 流鼻涕
    • Related phrases: have a runny nose, wipe one's runny nose
    • Example: He had a runny nose and kept sneezing.

• B. Medical Advice & Treatments:

  • See a doctor: 看医生
    • Example: You should see a doctor if your symptoms persist.
  • Take some medicine: 吃药
    • Example: Take some medicine to relieve the pain.
  • Rest: (v./n.) 休息
    • Related phrases: get some rest, take a rest, a good rest
    • Example: You need to rest to recover from your illness.
  • Drink plenty of water: 多喝水
    • Example: Drink plenty of water to stay hydrated.
  • Stay in bed: 卧床休息
    • Example: The doctor advised her to stay in bed.
  • Should/Shouldn't: 应该/不应该
    • Example: You should eat healthy food and exercise regularly. You shouldn't smoke or drink too much alcohol.

• C. Other Useful Words & Phrases:

  • Terrible: (adj.) 可怕的，糟糕的
  • Matter: (n.) 事情，问题
  • What's the matter?: 怎么了？
  • Maybe: (adv.) 也许，可能
  • Serious: (adj.) 严重的
  • Suddenly: (adv.) 突然地
  • Worry: (v./n.) 担心
  • Comfort: (v./n.) 安慰

II. Grammar

• A. Modal Verb "Should":
  • Usage: Expressing advice, suggestion, or obligation.
  • Structure: Subject + should + base form of the verb
  • Negative form: Subject + shouldn't + base form of the verb
  • Examples:
    • You should eat healthy food.
    • He shouldn't stay up late.
    • Should I take this medicine?
• B. Giving Advice with "Why don't you...?":
  • Usage: Suggesting a course of action.
  • Structure: Why don't you + base form of the verb + ...?
  • Examples:
    • Why don't you see a doctor?
    • Why don't you get some rest?

III. Functions

• Asking about someone's health problem.
• Giving advice and suggestions.
• Expressing sympathy and concern.

IV. Example Conversations

• A: What's the matter?

• B: I have a headache.

• A: You should take some medicine and get some rest.

• A: I don't feel well. I have a fever and a sore throat.

• B: Oh, that's too bad. Why don't you see a doctor?

Unit 2: Feeling excited

I. Vocabulary & Phrases

• A. Feelings & Emotions:

  • Excited: (adj.) 兴奋的
    • Related phrases: get excited, feel excited
    • Example: I'm so excited about the trip.
  • Happy: (adj.) 快乐的
    • Related phrases: feel happy, very happy, happy birthday
    • Example: She was happy to see her friends.
  • Sad: (adj.) 悲伤的
    • Related phrases: feel sad, very sad, sad story
    • Example: He felt sad after saying goodbye.
  • Angry: (adj.) 生气的
    • Related phrases: get angry, feel angry, angry with someone
    • Example: She was angry because he was late.
  • Bored: (adj.) 无聊的
    • Related phrases: feel bored, be bored with something
    • Example: I'm bored with watching TV all day.
  • Scared: (adj.) 害怕的
    • Related phrases: feel scared, be scared of something
    • Example: She was scared of the dark.
  • Surprised: (adj.) 惊讶的
    • Related phrases: be surprised at something, feel surprised
    • Example: He was surprised by the news.
  • Worried: (adj.) 担心的
    • Related phrases: feel worried, be worried about something
    • Example: She was worried about her exam.
  • Nervous: (adj.) 紧张的
    • Related phrases: feel nervous, be nervous about something
    • Example: I feel nervous before giving a speech.

• B. Reasons for Feelings:

  • News: (n.) 新闻
    • Related phrases: good news, bad news, the latest news
    • Example: I have some good news for you.
  • Exam: (n.) 考试
    • Related phrases: take an exam, pass an exam, fail an exam
    • Example: I'm studying for my exam.
  • Movie: (n.) 电影
    • Related phrases: watch a movie, a good movie, a scary movie
    • Example: Let's go watch a movie tonight.
  • Game: (n.) 游戏
    • Related phrases: play a game, a fun game, a video game
    • Example: They are playing a game in the park.
  • Trip: (n.) 旅行
    • Related phrases: go on a trip, a long trip, a short trip
    • Example: We are planning a trip to Europe.
  • Party: (n.) 聚会
    • Related phrases: have a party, a birthday party, a fun party
    • Example: We are having a party to celebrate.

• C. Other Useful Words & Phrases:

  • Because: (conj.) 因为
  • So: (conj.) 所以
  • Think: (v.) 认为
  • Know: (v.) 知道
  • Something: (pron.) 某事，某物
  • Nothing: (pron.) 什么也没有
  • Anything: (pron.) 任何事，任何物
  • Interesting: (adj.) 有趣的

II. Grammar

• A. Adjective + "because" Clause:
  • Usage: Explaining the reason for a feeling.
  • Structure: Subject + be + adjective + because + clause
  • Examples:
    • I am happy because I passed the exam.
    • She is sad because her pet died.
    • He is angry because someone stole his bike.
• B. Asking About Feelings and Reasons:
  • How do you feel?
  • Why do you feel...?

III. Functions

• Describing feelings and emotions.
• Giving reasons for feelings.
• Asking about feelings and reasons.

IV. Example Conversations

• A: How do you feel?

• B: I feel excited because I'm going on a trip.

• A: Why do you feel sad?

• B: Because I failed the exam.

• A: I'm so happy!

• B: Why are you so happy?

• A: Because I got a new job.